Important events in history
on October 8 ^th

Events

2020
1. Second Nagorno-Karabakh War: Azerbaijan twice deliberately targeted the Church of the Holy Savior Ghazanchetsots of Shusha.
  1. Second Nagorno-Karabakh War
    
    The Second Nagorno-Karabakh War was an armed conflict in 2020 that took place in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh and the surrounding territories. It was a major escalation of an unresolved conflict over the region, involving Azerbaijan, Armenia and the self-declared Armenian breakaway state of Artsakh. The war lasted for more than a month and resulted in Azerbaijani victory, with Armenia ceding the territories it had occupied in 1994 surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh. The defeat ignited anti-government protests in Armenia. Post-war skirmishes continued in the region, including substantial clashes in 2022.
  2. Azerbaijan
    
    Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia and Turkey to the west, and Iran to the south. Baku is the capital and largest city.
  3. 2020 Ghazanchetsots Cathedral shelling
    
    The 2020 shelling of Ghazanchetsots Cathedral took place prior to the Battle of Shusha on 8 October, when the Holy Savior Cathedral of the city of Shusha, known as Ghazanchetsots Cathedral, was struck twice by missiles, resulting in the collapse of a part of the roof. Armenia accused the Azerbaijani Armed Forces over the shelling.
  4. Ghazanchetsots Cathedral
    
    Holy Savior Cathedral, commonly referred to as Ghazanchetsots, is an Armenian Apostolic cathedral in Shusha in Azerbaijan, in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh. It is the cathedra of the Diocese of Artsakh of the Armenian Apostolic Church. Standing 35 metres (115 ft) high, Ghazanchetsots is one of the largest Armenian churches in the world. A landmark of Shusha and the Karabakh region, and of Armenian cultural and religious identity, it is listed as cultural and historical monument of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh.
  5. Shusha
    
    Shusha or Shushi is a city in Azerbaijan, in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh. Situated at an altitude of 1,400–1,800 metres (4,600–5,900 ft) in the Karabakh mountains, the city was a mountain resort in the Soviet era.
2019
1. Anti-government protests calling for free and fair elections began in Baku, Azerbaijan.
  1. 2019 Baku protests
    
    The 2019 Baku protests were a series of nonviolent rallies on 8, 19 and 20 October in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. The protests on 8 and 19 October were organized by the National Council of Democratic Forces (NCDF), an alliance of opposition parties, and called for the release of political prisoners and for free and fair elections. They were also against growing unemployment and economic inequality. Among those detained on 19 October was the leader of the Azerbaijani Popular Front Party, Ali Karimli.
  2. Baku
    
    Baku is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located 28 metres (92 ft) below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world and also the largest city in the world located below sea level. Baku lies on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, alongside the Bay of Baku. Baku's urban population was estimated at two million people as of 2009. Baku is the primate city of Azerbaijan—it is the sole metropolis in the country, and about 25% of all inhabitants of the country live in Baku's metropolitan area.
2. About 200 Extinction Rebellion activists block the gates of Leinster House (parliament) in the Republic of Ireland.
  1. Extinction Rebellion
    
    Extinction Rebellion is a global environmental movement, with the stated aim of using nonviolent civil disobedience to compel government action to avoid tipping points in the climate system, biodiversity loss, and the risk of social and ecological collapse. Extinction Rebellion was established in the United Kingdom in May 2018 by Gail Bradbrook, Simon Bramwell, and Roger Hallam, along with eight other co-founders from the campaign group Rising Up!
  2. Leinster House
    
    Leinster House is the seat of the Oireachtas, the parliament of Ireland. Originally, it was the ducal palace of the Dukes of Leinster. Since 1922, it is a complex of buildings, of which the former ducal palace is the core, which house Oireachtas Éireann, its members and staff. The most recognisable part of the complex, and the "public face" of Leinster House, continues to be the former ducal palace at the core of the complex.
  3. Republic of Ireland
    
    Ireland, also known as the Republic of Ireland, is a country in north-western Europe consisting of 26 of the 32 counties of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, on the eastern side of the island. Around 2.1 million of the country's population of 5.13 million people resides in the Greater Dublin Area. The sovereign state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom. It is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the Celtic Sea to the south, St George's Channel to the south-east, and the Irish Sea to the east. It is a unitary, parliamentary republic. The legislature, the Oireachtas, consists of a lower house, Dáil Éireann; an upper house, Seanad Éireann; and an elected President who serves as the largely ceremonial head of state, but with some important powers and duties. The head of government is the Taoiseach, who is elected by the Dáil and appointed by the President; the Taoiseach in turn appoints other government ministers.
2016
1. In the wake of Hurricane Matthew, the death toll rises to nearly 900.
  1. Hurricane Matthew
    
    Hurricane Matthew was an extremely powerful Atlantic hurricane which caused catastrophic damage and a humanitarian crisis in Haiti, as well as widespread devastation in the southeastern United States. The deadliest Atlantic hurricane since Hurricane Stan in 2005, and the first Category 5 Atlantic hurricane since Felix in 2007, Matthew was the thirteenth named storm, fifth hurricane and second major hurricane of the 2016 Atlantic hurricane season. It caused extensive damage to landmasses in the Greater Antilles, and severe damage in several islands of the Bahamas which were still recovering from Joaquin, which had pounded the archipelago nearly a year earlier. Matthew also approached the southeastern United States, but stayed just offshore, paralleling the Florida coastline.
2014
1. Thomas Eric Duncan, the first person in the United States to be diagnosed with Ebola, dies.
  1. Thomas Eric Duncan
    
    Thomas Eric Duncan was a Liberian citizen who became the first Ebola patient diagnosed in the United States on September 30, 2014.
  2. Zaire ebolavirus
    
    Zaire ebolavirus, more commonly known as Ebola virus, is one of six known species within the genus Ebolavirus. Four of the six known ebolaviruses, including EBOV, cause a severe and often fatal hemorrhagic fever in humans and other mammals, known as Ebola virus disease (EVD). Ebola virus has caused the majority of human deaths from EVD, and was the cause of the 2013–2016 epidemic in western Africa, which resulted in at least 28,646 suspected cases and 11,323 confirmed deaths.
2005
1. The 7.6 Mw  Kashmir earthquake leaves 86,000–87,351 people dead, 69,000–75,266 injured, and 2.8 million homeless.
  1. 2005 Kashmir earthquake
    
    The 2005 Kashmir earthquake occurred at 08:50:39 Pakistan Standard Time on 8 October in Pakistani-administered Azad Kashmir. It was centred near the city of Muzaffarabad, and also affected nearby Balakot in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and some areas of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. It registered a moment magnitude of 7.6 and had a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme). The earthquake was also felt in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, India, and the Xinjiang region. The severity of the damage caused by the earthquake is attributed to severe upthrust. Over 86,000 people died, a similar number were injured, and millions were displaced. It is considered the deadliest earthquake in South Asia, surpassing the 1935 Quetta earthquake.
2001
1. At Linate Airport in Milan, Italy, Scandinavian Airlines Flight SK686 collided on take-off with a Cessna Citation II business jet, killing 118 people.
  1. Linate Airport
    
    Milan Linate Airport is the third international airport of Milan, the second-largest city and largest urban area of Italy, behind Malpensa Airport and Orio al Serio Airport. It served 9,233,475 passengers in 2018, being the fifth busiest airport in Italy.
  2. Milan
    
    Milan is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city has 3.26 million inhabitants. Its continuously built-up urban area is the fourth largest in the EU with 5.27 million inhabitants. According to national sources, the population within the wider Milan metropolitan area, is estimated between 8.2 million and 12.5 million making it by far the largest metropolitan area in Italy and one of the largest in the EU.
  3. Scandinavian Airlines
    
    Scandinavian Airlines, more commonly known and styled as SAS, is the flag carrier of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. SAS is an abbreviation of the company's full name, Scandinavian Airlines System or legally Scandinavian Airlines System Denmark-Norway-Sweden. Part of the SAS Group and headquartered at the SAS Frösundavik Office Building in Solna, Sweden, the airline operates 180 aircraft to 90 destinations. The airline's main hub is at Copenhagen-Kastrup Airport, with connections to 109 destinations around the world. Stockholm Arlanda Airport is the second largest hub, with Oslo Airport, Gardermoen being the third major hub of SAS. Minor hubs also exist at Bergen Airport, Flesland, Göteborg Landvetter Airport, Stavanger Airport, Sola, and Trondheim Airport, Værnes. SAS Cargo is an independent, wholly owned subsidiary of Scandinavian Airlines and its main office is at Copenhagen Airport.
  4. Linate Airport disaster
    
    The Linate Airport disaster occurred in Italy at Linate Airport in Milan on the morning of Monday, 8 October 2001. Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 686, a McDonnell Douglas MD-87 airliner carrying 110 people bound for Copenhagen, Denmark, collided on take-off with a Cessna Citation CJ2 business jet carrying four people bound for Paris, France. All 114 people on board both aircraft were killed, as well as four people on the ground.
  5. Cessna Citation family
    
    The Cessna Citation is a family of business jets by Cessna that started in 1972 with the entry into service of the first model. In the fifty years following the 1969 first flight, more than 7,500 Citations were delivered, forming the largest business jet fleet. Deliveries reached 8,000 by 2022, while logging over 41 million flight hours.
2. A twin engine Cessna and a Scandinavian Airlines System jetliner collide in heavy fog during takeoff from Milan, Italy, killing 118 people.
  1. Linate Airport disaster
    
    The Linate Airport disaster occurred in Italy at Linate Airport in Milan on the morning of Monday, 8 October 2001. Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 686, a McDonnell Douglas MD-87 airliner carrying 110 people bound for Copenhagen, Denmark, collided on take-off with a Cessna Citation CJ2 business jet carrying four people bound for Paris, France. All 114 people on board both aircraft were killed, as well as four people on the ground.
3. U.S. President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security.
  1. United States Department of Homeland Security
    
    The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is the U.S. federal executive department responsible for public security, roughly comparable to the interior or home ministries of other countries. Its stated missions involve anti-terrorism, border security, immigration and customs, cyber security, and disaster prevention and management.
1998
1. A new airport for Oslo, Norway, opened at Gardermoen, replacing a smaller one at the same location that had served as a backup to the city's previous main airport at Fornebu.
  1. Oslo
    
    Oslo is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of 702,543 in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of 1,019,513 in 2019, and the metropolitan area had an estimated population of 1,546,706 in 2021.
  2. Oslo Airport, Gardermoen
    
    Oslo Airport, alternatively referred to as Oslo Gardermoen Airport or simply Gardermoen, is the international airport serving Oslo, Norway, the capital and most populous city in the country. A hub for Flyr, Norse Atlantic Airways, Norwegian Air Shuttle, Scandinavian Airlines and Widerøe, it connects to 26 domestic and 158 international destinations.
  3. Oslo Airport, Fornebu
    
    Oslo Airport, Fornebu, was the primary international airport serving Oslo and Eastern Norway from 1 June 1939 to 7 October 1998. It was then replaced by Oslo Airport, Gardermoen, and the area has since been redeveloped. The airport was located at Fornebu in Bærum, 8 km (5.0 mi) from the city center. Fornebu had two runways, one 2,370 m (7,780 ft) 06/24 and one 1,800 m (5,900 ft) 01/19, and a capacity of 20 aircraft. In 1996, the airport had 170,823 aircraft movements and 10,072,054 passengers. The airport served as a hub for Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS), Braathens SAFE and Widerøe. In 1996, they and 21 other airlines served 28 international destinations. Due to limited terminal and runway capacity, intercontinental and charter airlines used Gardermoen. The Royal Norwegian Air Force retained offices at Fornebu.
1991
1. Upon the expiration of the Brioni Agreement, Croatia and Slovenia sever all official relations with Yugoslavia.
  1. Brioni Agreement
    
    The Brioni Agreement, also known as the Brioni Declaration, is a document signed by representatives of Slovenia, Croatia, and Yugoslavia under the political sponsorship of the European Community (EC) on the Brijuni Islands on 7 July 1991. The agreement sought to create an environment in which further negotiations on the future of Yugoslavia could take place. However, ultimately it isolated the federal prime minister Ante Marković in his efforts to preserve Yugoslavia, and effectively stopped any form of federal influence over Slovenia. This meant the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) would focus on combat in Croatia, creating a precedent of redrawing international borders and staking the EC's interest in resolving the Yugoslav crisis.
1990
1. First Intifada: Israeli police kill 17 Palestinians and wound over 100 near the Dome of the Rock.
  1. First Intifada
    
    The First Intifada, or First Palestinian Intifada, was a sustained series of Palestinian protests and violent riots in the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and within Israel. The protests were against the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza that had begun twenty years prior, in 1967. The intifada lasted from December 1987 until the Madrid Conference in 1991, though some date its conclusion to 1993, with the signing of the Oslo Accords.
1982
1. Poland bans Solidarity and all other trade unions.
  1. Solidarity (Polish trade union)
    
    Solidarity, full name Independent Self-Governing Trade Union "Solidarity", is a Polish trade union founded in August 1980 at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland. Subsequently, it was the first independent trade union in a Warsaw Pact country to be recognised by the state. The union's membership peaked at 10 million in September 1981, representing one-third of the country's working-age population. Solidarity's leader Lech Wałęsa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983 and the union is widely recognised as having played a central role in the end of Communist rule in Poland.
2. After its London premiere, Cats opens on Broadway and runs for nearly 18 years before closing on September 10, 2000.
  1. Cats (musical)
    
    Cats is a sung-through musical composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber, based upon the 1939 poetry collection Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats by T. S. Eliot. It tells the story of a tribe of cats called the Jellicles and the night they make the "Jellicle choice" by deciding which cat will ascend to the Heaviside Layer and come back to a new life. As of 2022, Cats remains the fourth-longest-running Broadway show and the seventh-longest-running West End show.
1978
1. Australia's Ken Warby sets the current world water speed record of 275.97 knots at Blowering Dam, Australia.
  1. Ken Warby
    
    Ken Warby is an Australian motorboat racer, who currently holds the water speed record of 275.97 knots, set on Blowering Dam on 8 October 1978.
1974
1. Franklin National Bank collapses due to fraud and mismanagement; at the time it is the largest bank failure in the history of the United States.
  1. Franklin National Bank
    
    Franklin National Bank, based in Franklin Square on Long Island, New York was once the United States' 20th largest bank. On October 8, 1974, it collapsed in obscure circumstances, involving Michele Sindona, renowned Mafia-banker and member of the irregular freemasonic lodge, Propaganda Due. It was at the time the largest bank failure in the history of the country.
1973
1. Yom Kippur War: Israel loses more than 150 tanks in a failed attack on Egyptian-occupied positions.
  1. Yom Kippur War
    
    The Yom Kippur War, also known as the Ramadan War, the October War, the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, or the Fourth Arab–Israeli War, was an armed conflict fought from 6 to 25 October 1973 between Israel and a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria. The majority of combat between the two sides took place in the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights—both of which were occupied by Israel in 1967—with some fighting in African Egypt and northern Israel. Egypt's initial objective in the war was to seize a foothold on the eastern bank of the Suez Canal and subsequently leverage these gains to negotiate the return of the rest of the Israeli-occupied Sinai Peninsula.
2. Spyros Markezinis begins his 48-day term as prime minister in an abortive attempt to lead Greece to parliamentary rule.
  1. Spyros Markezinis
    
    Spyridon Markezinis or Markesinis was a Greek politician, longtime member of the Hellenic Parliament, and briefly the Prime Minister of Greece during the aborted attempt at democratization of the Greek military regime in 1973.
1970
1. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn wins the Nobel Prize in literature.
  1. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
    
    Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn was a Russian novelist. One of the most famous Soviet dissidents, Solzhenitsyn was an outspoken critic of communism and helped to raise global awareness of political repression in the Soviet Union, in particular the Gulag system.
1969
1. Demonstrations organized by the Weather Underground known as the Days of Rage began in Chicago, aimed at ending U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War.
  1. Weather Underground
    
    The Weather Underground was a far-left militant organization first active in 1969, founded on the Ann Arbor campus of the University of Michigan. Originally known as the Weathermen, the group was organized as a faction of Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) national leadership. Officially known as the Weather Underground Organization (WUO) beginning in 1970, the group's express political goal was to create a revolutionary party to overthrow the United States government, which WUO believed to be imperialist.
  2. Days of Rage
    
    The Days of Rage were a series of protests during three days in October 1969 in Chicago, organized by the emerging Weatherman faction of Students for a Democratic Society.
  3. Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War
    
    Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War (before) or anti-Vietnam War movement (present) began with demonstrations in 1965 against the escalating role of the United States in the Vietnam War and grew into a broad social movement over the ensuing several years. This movement informed and helped shape the vigorous and polarizing debate, primarily in the United States, during the second half of the 1960s and early 1970s on how to end the war.
2. The opening rally of the Days of Rage occurs, organized by the Weather Underground in Chicago.
  1. Days of Rage
    
    The Days of Rage were a series of protests during three days in October 1969 in Chicago, organized by the emerging Weatherman faction of Students for a Democratic Society.
1967
1. Marxist revolutionary and guerrilla leader Che Guevara was captured near La Higuera, Bolivia.
  1. Marxism
    
    Marxism is a left-wing to far-left method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand class relations and social conflict and a dialectical perspective to view social transformation. It originates from the works of 19th-century German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. As Marxism has developed over time into various branches and schools of thought, no single, definitive Marxist theory exists.
  2. Guerrilla warfare
    
    Guerrilla warfare is a form of irregular warfare in which small groups of combatants, such as paramilitary personnel, armed civilians, or irregulars, use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility, to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military.
  3. Che Guevara
    
    Ernesto "Che" Guevara was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary. A major figure of the Cuban Revolution, his stylized visage has become a ubiquitous countercultural symbol of rebellion and global insignia in popular culture.
  4. La Higuera
    
    La Higuera is a small village in Bolivia located in the Province of Vallegrande, in the Department of Santa Cruz. It is situated in the La Higuera Canton belonging to the Pucará Municipality.
2. Guerrilla leader Che Guevara and his men are captured in Bolivia.
  1. Che Guevara
    
    Ernesto "Che" Guevara was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary. A major figure of the Cuban Revolution, his stylized visage has become a ubiquitous countercultural symbol of rebellion and global insignia in popular culture.
1962
1. Der Spiegel publishes an article disclosing the sorry state of the Bundeswehr, and is soon accused of treason.
  1. Spiegel affair
    
    The Spiegel affair of 1962 was a political scandal in West Germany. It stemmed from the publication of an article in Der Spiegel, West Germany's weekly political magazine, about the nation's defense forces. Several Spiegel staffers were detained on charges of treason, but were ultimately released without trial.
1956
1. Major League Baseball pitcher Don Larsen threw the only perfect game in World Series history.
  1. Major League Baseball
    
    Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), with 29 in the United States and 1 in Canada. The NL and AL were formed in 1876 and 1901, respectively. Beginning in 1903, the two leagues signed the National Agreement and cooperated but remained legally separate entities until 2000, when they merged into a single organization led by the Commissioner of Baseball. MLB is headquartered in Midtown Manhattan. It is also included as one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada.
  2. Don Larsen
    
    Don James Larsen was an American professional baseball pitcher. During a 15-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career, he pitched from 1953 to 1967 for seven different teams: the St. Louis Browns / Baltimore Orioles, New York Yankees (1955–1959), Kansas City Athletics (1960–1961), Chicago White Sox (1961), San Francisco Giants (1962–1964), Houston Colt .45's / Astros (1964–65), and Chicago Cubs (1967).
  3. Don Larsen's perfect game
    
    On October 8, 1956, in Game 5 of the 1956 World Series, pitcher Don Larsen of the New York Yankees threw a perfect game against the Brooklyn Dodgers at Yankee Stadium. It was the only no-hitter in World Series history until the Houston Astros pitching staff of Cristian Javier, Bryan Abreu, Rafael Montero and Ryan Pressly threw a combined no-hitter on November 2, 2022 in Game 4 of the 2022 World Series against the Philadelphia Phillies. It remains the only perfect game in the history of the World Series.
  4. World Series
    
    The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada, contested since 1903 between the champion teams of the American League (AL) and the National League (NL). The winner of the World Series championship is determined through a best-of-seven playoff, and the winning team is awarded the Commissioner's Trophy.
2. The New York Yankees's Don Larsen pitches the only perfect game in a World Series.
  1. Don Larsen
    
    Don James Larsen was an American professional baseball pitcher. During a 15-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career, he pitched from 1953 to 1967 for seven different teams: the St. Louis Browns / Baltimore Orioles, New York Yankees (1955–1959), Kansas City Athletics (1960–1961), Chicago White Sox (1961), San Francisco Giants (1962–1964), Houston Colt .45's / Astros (1964–65), and Chicago Cubs (1967).
  2. World Series
    
    The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada, contested since 1903 between the champion teams of the American League (AL) and the National League (NL). The winner of the World Series championship is determined through a best-of-seven playoff, and the winning team is awarded the Commissioner's Trophy.
1952
1. Three trains collided (aftermath pictured) at Harrow & Wealdstone station in London, killing 112 people and injuring 340 others.
  1. Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash
    
    The Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash was a three-train collision at Harrow and Wealdstone station in Wealdstone, Middlesex during the morning rush hour of 8 October 1952. The crash resulted in 112 deaths and 340 injuries, 88 of these being detained in hospital. It remains the worst peacetime rail crash in British history and the second deadliest overall after the Quintinshill rail disaster of 1915.
  2. Harrow & Wealdstone station
    
    Harrow & Wealdstone is a London Underground and railway station on the Watford DC line and West Coast Main Line in Harrow and Wealdstone in the London Borough of Harrow. It is 11 miles 30 chains (18.31 km) on the line from London Euston station. It is also the northern terminus of the Bakerloo line and the next station towards south is Kenton.
2. The Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash kills 112 people.
  1. Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash
    
    The Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash was a three-train collision at Harrow and Wealdstone station in Wealdstone, Middlesex during the morning rush hour of 8 October 1952. The crash resulted in 112 deaths and 340 injuries, 88 of these being detained in hospital. It remains the worst peacetime rail crash in British history and the second deadliest overall after the Quintinshill rail disaster of 1915.
1944
1. World War II: Captain Bobbie Brown earns a Medal of Honor for his actions during the Battle of Crucifix Hill, just outside Aachen.
  1. Battle of Crucifix Hill
    
    The Battle of Crucifix Hill was a World War II battle that took place on 8 October 1944, on Crucifix Hill, next to the village of Haaren in Germany and was a part of the U.S. 1st Division's campaign to seize Aachen, Germany. The Battle of Aachen was part of the Drive to the Siegfried Line. The hill was named after a large crucifix mounted on the top of the hill. The objective of the battle was to gain control of the hill, which was laced with a maze of pillboxes and bunkers, so that the main objective of encircling Aachen could be completed. The hill was held by units of the German 246. Volksgrenadierdivision.
1943
1. World War II: Around 30 civilians are executed by Friedrich Schubert's paramilitary group in Kallikratis, Crete.
  1. Kallikratis executions
    
    The Kallikratis executions refer to the mass execution, by German Army and Greek collaborationist paramilitary forces, of some 30 mostly male civilians of Kallikratis, in southwest Crete, on 8 October 1943. Kallikratis was declared a martyred village in October 2018.
1941
1. World War II: During the preliminaries of the Battle of Rostov, German forces reach the Sea of Azov with the capture of Mariupol.
  1. Battle of Rostov (1941)
    
    The Battle of Rostov (1941) was a battle of the Eastern Front of World War II, fought around Rostov-on-Don between the Army Group South of Nazi Germany and the Southern Front of the Soviet Union.
1939
1. World War II: Germany annexes western Poland.
  1. World War II
    
    World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries.
  2. Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany
    
    Following the Invasion of Poland at the beginning of World War II, nearly a quarter of the entire territory of the Second Polish Republic was annexed by Nazi Germany and placed directly under the German civil administration. The rest of Nazi-occupied Poland was renamed as the General Government district. The annexation was part of the "fourth partition of Poland" by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, outlined months before the invasion, in the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.
1921
1. KDKA in Pittsburgh's Forbes Field conducts the first live broadcast of a football game.
  1. KDKA (AM)
    
    KDKA is a Class A, clear channel, AM radio station, owned and operated by Audacy, Inc. and licensed to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. Its radio studios are located at the combined Audacy Pittsburgh facility in the Foster Plaza on Holiday Drive in Green Tree, and its transmitter site is at Allison Park. The station's programming is also carried over 93.7 KDKA-FM's HD2 digital subchannel, and is simulcast on FM translator W261AX at 100.1 MHz.
1918
1. World War I: After his platoon suffered heavy casualties during the Meuse-Argonne Offensive in France's Forest of Argonne, American Corporal Alvin York led the 7 remaining men on an attack against a German machine gun nest, killing at least 25 German soldiers and capturing 132 others.
  1. World War I
    
    World War I or the First World War, often abbreviated as WWI or WW1, and referred to by some Anglophone authors as the "Great War" or the "War to End All Wars", was a global conflict which lasted from 1914 to 1918, and is considered one of the deadliest conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war.
  2. Meuse–Argonne offensive
    
    The Meuse–Argonne offensive was a major part of the final Allied offensive of World War I that stretched along the entire Western Front. It was fought from September 26, 1918, until the Armistice of November 11, 1918, a total of 47 days. The Meuse–Argonne offensive was the largest in United States military history, involving 1.2 million American soldiers. It is also the deadliest battle in the history of the United States Army, resulting in over 350,000 casualties, including 28,000 German lives, 26,277 American lives and an unknown number of French lives. American losses were worsened by the inexperience of many of the troops, the tactics used during the early phases of the operation and the widespread onset of the global influenza outbreak called the "Spanish flu".
  3. Forest of Argonne
    
    The Forest of Argonne is a long strip of mountainous and wild woodland in northeastern France, approximately 200 km (120 mi) east of Paris. The forest measures roughly 65 km (40 mi) long and 15 km (9 mi) wide filled with many small hills and deep valleys formed by water run-off from the Aire and Aisne rivers rarely exceeding more than 200 m (650 ft) in elevation. Following the First World War, the landscape of the forest was forever changed as trench warfare lead to parts of the forest being riddled with deep man-made trenches along with craters from explosives. The forest is bordered by the Meuse River on the west and rolling farmland and creeks to the east. The forest is largely oak, chestnut, and pine trees, and ferns cover much of the forest floor. Common animal life consists of wild boar, red deer, roe deer, hares, rabbits, foxes, and wildcat.
  4. Alvin York
    
    Alvin Cullum York, also known as Sergeant York, was one of the most decorated United States Army soldiers of World War I. He received the Medal of Honor for leading an attack on a German machine gun nest, gathering 35 machine guns, killing at least 25 enemy soldiers and capturing 132 prisoners. York's Medal of Honor action occurred during the United States-led portion of the Meuse-Argonne Offensive in France, which was intended to breach the Hindenburg line and force the Germans to surrender. He earned decorations from several allied countries during WWI, including France, Italy and Montenegro.
2. World War I: Corporal Alvin C. York kills 28 German soldiers and captures 132 for which he was awarded the Medal of Honor.
  1. World War I
    
    World War I or the First World War, often abbreviated as WWI or WW1, and referred to by some Anglophone authors as the "Great War" or the "War to End All Wars", was a global conflict which lasted from 1914 to 1918, and is considered one of the deadliest conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war.
  2. Alvin York
    
    Alvin Cullum York, also known as Sergeant York, was one of the most decorated United States Army soldiers of World War I. He received the Medal of Honor for leading an attack on a German machine gun nest, gathering 35 machine guns, killing at least 25 enemy soldiers and capturing 132 prisoners. York's Medal of Honor action occurred during the United States-led portion of the Meuse-Argonne Offensive in France, which was intended to breach the Hindenburg line and force the Germans to surrender. He earned decorations from several allied countries during WWI, including France, Italy and Montenegro.
1912
1. The First Balkan War begins when Montenegro declares war against the Ottoman Empire.
  1. First Balkan War
    
    The First Balkan War lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and involved actions of the Balkan League against the Ottoman Empire. The Balkan states' combined armies overcame the initially numerically inferior and strategically disadvantaged Ottoman armies, achieving rapid success.
1895
1. Korean Empress Myeongseong is assassinated by Japanese infiltrators.
  1. Empress Myeongseong
    
    Empress Myeongseong or Empress Myungsung, informally known as Empress Min, was the official wife of Gojong, the 26th king of Joseon and the first emperor of the Korean Empire. She was posthumously called Myeongseong, the Great Empress.
1879
1. War of the Pacific: The Chilean Navy defeats the Peruvian Navy in the Battle of Angamos.
  1. Battle of Angamos
    
    The Battle of Angamos was a naval encounter of the War of the Pacific fought between the navies of Chile and Perú at Punta Angamos, on 8 October 1879. The battle was the culminating point of a naval campaign that lasted about five months in which the Chilean Navy had the sole mission of eliminating its Peruvian counterpart. In the struggle, two armored frigates, led by Commodore Galvarino Riveros Cárdenas and Navy Captain Juan José Latorre battered and later captured the Peruvian monitor Huáscar, under Rear Admiral Miguel Grau Seminario.
1871
1. Five large fires broke out in the United States, including the Great Chicago Fire in Illinois and the Peshtigo fire in Wisconsin, the latter being the deadliest in U.S. history.
  1. Great Chicago Fire
    
    The Great Chicago Fire was a conflagration that burned in the American city of Chicago during October 8–10, 1871. The fire killed approximately 300 people, destroyed roughly 3.3 square miles (9 km2) of the city including over 17,000 structures, and left more than 100,000 residents homeless. The fire began in a neighborhood southwest of the city center. A long period of hot, dry, windy conditions, and the wooden construction prevalent in the city, led to the conflagration. The fire leapt the south branch of the Chicago River and destroyed much of central Chicago and then leapt the main branch of the river, consuming the Near North Side.
  2. Illinois
    
    Illinois is a state in the Midwestern United States. It’s largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolitan areas include, Peoria and Rockford, as well Springfield it’s capital. Of the fifty U.S. states, Illinois has the fifth-largest gross domestic product (GDP), the sixth-largest population, and the 25th-largest land area.
  3. Peshtigo fire
    
    The Peshtigo fire was a large forest fire on October 8, 1871, in northeastern Wisconsin, United States, including much of the southern half of the Door Peninsula and adjacent parts of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The largest community in the affected area was Peshtigo, Wisconsin which had a population of approximately 1,700 residents. The fire burned about 1.2 million acres and is the deadliest wildfire in recorded history, with the number of deaths estimated between 1,500 and 2,500. Although the exact number of deaths is debated, mass graves, both those already exhumed and those still being discovered, in Peshtigo and the surrounding areas show that the death toll of the blaze was most likely greater than the 1889 Johnstown flood death toll of 2,200 people or more.
  4. Wisconsin
    
    Wisconsin is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michigan to the northeast, and Lake Superior to the north.
2. Slash-and-burn land management, months of drought, and the passage of a strong cold front cause the Peshtigo Fire, the Great Chicago Fire and the Great Michigan Fires to break out.
  1. Slash-and-burn
    
    Slash-and-burn agriculture is a farming method that involves the cutting and burning of plants in a forest or woodland to create a field called a swidden. The method begins by cutting down the trees and woody plants in an area. The downed vegetation, or "slash", is then left to dry, usually right before the rainiest part of the year. Then, the biomass is burned, resulting in a nutrient-rich layer of ash which makes the soil fertile, as well as temporarily eliminating weed and pest species. After about three to five years, the plot's productivity decreases due to depletion of nutrients along with weed and pest invasion, causing the farmers to abandon the field and move to a new area. The time it takes for a swidden to recover depends on the location and can be as little as five years to more than twenty years, after which the plot can be slashed and burned again, repeating the cycle. In Bangladesh and India, the practice is known as jhum or jhoom.
  2. Cold front
    
    A cold front is the leading edge of a cooler mass of air at ground level that replaces a warmer mass of air and lies within a pronounced surface trough of low pressure. It often forms behind an extratropical cyclone, at the leading edge of its cold air advection pattern—known as the cyclone's dry "conveyor belt" flow. Temperature differences across the boundary can exceed 30 °C (54 °F) from one side to the other. When enough moisture is present, rain can occur along the boundary. If there is significant instability along the boundary, a narrow line of thunderstorms can form along the frontal zone. If instability is weak, a broad shield of rain can move in behind the front, and evaporative cooling of the rain can increase the temperature difference across the front. Cold fronts are stronger in the fall and spring transition seasons and are weakest during the summer.
  3. Peshtigo fire
    
    The Peshtigo fire was a large forest fire on October 8, 1871, in northeastern Wisconsin, United States, including much of the southern half of the Door Peninsula and adjacent parts of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The largest community in the affected area was Peshtigo, Wisconsin which had a population of approximately 1,700 residents. The fire burned about 1.2 million acres and is the deadliest wildfire in recorded history, with the number of deaths estimated between 1,500 and 2,500. Although the exact number of deaths is debated, mass graves, both those already exhumed and those still being discovered, in Peshtigo and the surrounding areas show that the death toll of the blaze was most likely greater than the 1889 Johnstown flood death toll of 2,200 people or more.
  4. Great Chicago Fire
    
    The Great Chicago Fire was a conflagration that burned in the American city of Chicago during October 8–10, 1871. The fire killed approximately 300 people, destroyed roughly 3.3 square miles (9 km2) of the city including over 17,000 structures, and left more than 100,000 residents homeless. The fire began in a neighborhood southwest of the city center. A long period of hot, dry, windy conditions, and the wooden construction prevalent in the city, led to the conflagration. The fire leapt the south branch of the Chicago River and destroyed much of central Chicago and then leapt the main branch of the river, consuming the Near North Side.
  5. Great Michigan Fire
    
    The Great Michigan Fire was a series of simultaneous forest fires in the state of Michigan in the United States in 1871. They were possibly caused by the same winds that fanned the Great Chicago Fire, the Peshtigo Fire and the Port Huron Fire; some believe lightning or even meteor showers may have started the fires. Several cities, towns and villages, including Alpena, Holland, Manistee, and Port Huron, suffered serious damage or were lost. The concurrent Peshtigo Fire in Wisconsin also destroyed several towns in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan.
1862
1. The Battle of Perryville, a battle of the American Civil War with a high casualty count, was fought west of Perryville, Kentucky.
  1. Battle of Perryville
    
    The Battle of Perryville, also known as the Battle of Chaplin Hills, was fought on October 8, 1862, in the Chaplin Hills west of Perryville, Kentucky, as the culmination of the Confederate Heartland Offensive during the American Civil War. Confederate Gen. Braxton Bragg's Army of Mississippi initially won a tactical victory against primarily a single corps of Maj. Gen. Don Carlos Buell's Union Army of the Ohio. The battle is considered a strategic Union victory, sometimes called the Battle for Kentucky, since Bragg withdrew to Tennessee soon thereafter. The Union retained control of the critical border state of Kentucky for the remainder of the war.
  2. American Civil War
    
    The American Civil War was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union and the Confederacy, the latter formed by states that had seceded. The central cause of the war was the dispute over whether slavery would be permitted to expand into the western territories, leading to more slave states, or be prevented from doing so, which was widely believed would place slavery on a course of ultimate extinction.
  3. Perryville, Kentucky
    
    Perryville is a home rule-class city along the Chaplin River in western Boyle County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 751 at the time of the 2010 U.S. Census. It is part of the Danville Micropolitan Statistical Area.
2. American Civil War: The Confederate invasion of Kentucky is halted at the Battle of Perryville.
  1. Battle of Perryville
    
    The Battle of Perryville, also known as the Battle of Chaplin Hills, was fought on October 8, 1862, in the Chaplin Hills west of Perryville, Kentucky, as the culmination of the Confederate Heartland Offensive during the American Civil War. Confederate Gen. Braxton Bragg's Army of Mississippi initially won a tactical victory against primarily a single corps of Maj. Gen. Don Carlos Buell's Union Army of the Ohio. The battle is considered a strategic Union victory, sometimes called the Battle for Kentucky, since Bragg withdrew to Tennessee soon thereafter. The Union retained control of the critical border state of Kentucky for the remainder of the war.
1856
1. The Second Opium War between several western powers and China begins with the Arrow Incident.
  1. Second Opium War
    
    The Second Opium War, also known as the Second Anglo-Sino War, the Second China War, the Arrow War, or the Anglo-French expedition to China, was a colonial war lasting from 1856 to 1860, which pitted the British Empire and the French Empire against the Qing dynasty of China.
1829
1. Stephenson's Rocket wins the Rainhill Trials.
  1. Rainhill trials
    
    The Rainhill trials was an important competition run from the 6 to 14 October 1829, to test George Stephenson's argument that locomotives would have the best motive power for the then nearly-completed Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR). Ten locomotives were entered, of which five were able to compete, running along a 1 mile (1.6 km) length of level track at Rainhill, in Lancashire.
1821
1. The Peruvian Navy is established during the War of Independence.
  1. Peruvian Navy
    
    The Peruvian Navy is the branch of the Peruvian Armed Forces tasked with surveillance, patrol and defense on lakes, rivers and the Pacific Ocean up to 200 nautical miles from the Peruvian littoral. Additional missions include assistance in safeguarding internal security, conducting disaster relief operations and participating in international peacekeeping operations.
1813
1. The Treaty of Ried is signed between Bavaria and Austria.
  1. Treaty of Ried
    
    The Treaty of Ried of 8 October 1813 was a treaty that was signed between the Kingdom of Bavaria and Austrian Empire. By this treaty, Bavaria left the Confederation of the Rhine which was allied with Napoleon, and agreed to join the Sixth Coalition against Napoleon in exchange for a guarantee of her continued sovereign and independent status. On 14 October, Bavaria made a formal declaration of war against Napoleonic France. The treaty was passionately backed by the Crown Prince Louis and by Marshal von Wrede.
1645
1. Jeanne Mance opens the first lay hospital of North America in Montreal.
  1. Jeanne Mance
    
    Jeanne Mance was a French nurse and settler of New France. She arrived in New France two years after the Ursuline nuns came to Quebec. Among the founders of Montreal in 1642, she established its first hospital, the Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal, in 1645. She returned twice to France to seek financial support for the hospital. After providing most of the care directly for years, in 1657 she recruited three sisters of the Religieuses hospitalières de Saint-Joseph, and continued to direct operations of the hospital. During her era, she was also known as Jehanne Mance contemporarily by the French, and as Joan Mance by the English contemporarily.
  2. Montreal
    
    Montreal is the second-most populous city in Canada and most populous city in the Canadian province of Quebec. Founded in 1642 as Ville-Marie, or "City of Mary", it is named after Mount Royal, the triple-peaked hill around which the early city of Ville-Marie is built. The city is centred on the Island of Montreal, which obtained its name from the same origin as the city, and a few much smaller peripheral islands, the largest of which is Île Bizard. The city is 196 km (122 mi) east of the national capital Ottawa, and 258 km (160 mi) southwest of the provincial capital, Quebec City.
1573
1. End of the Spanish siege of Alkmaar, the first Dutch victory in the Eighty Years' War.
  1. Siege of Alkmaar
    
    The siege of Alkmaar (1573) was a turning point in the Eighty Years' War. The burghers of the Dutch city of Alkmaar held off the Spanish between 21 August and 8 October 1573, with boiling tar and burning branches from their renewed city walls. On 23 September William the Silent followed up on a request by Cabeliau dating from the beginning of the siege and ordered the dikes surrounding Alkmaar to be breached, thereby flooding the polders in which the Spanish troops were camped, like the Achtermeer polder. This forced the Spanish commander, Don Fadrique, the son of the hated Alva himself, to retreat and the last Spanish soldiers left on 8 October 1573.
1480
1. The Great Stand on the Ugra River puts an end to Tartar rule over Moscow
  1. Great Stand on the Ugra River
    
    The Great Stand on the Ugra River was a standoff between the forces of Akhmat Khan of the Great Horde, and the Grand Prince Ivan III of Muscovy in 1480 on the banks of the Ugra River, which ended when the Tatars departed without conflict. It is seen in Russian historiography as the end of the vassalage of Muscovy.
1322
1. Mladen II Šubić of Bribir is deposed as the Croatian Ban after the Battle of Bliska.
  1. Mladen II Šubić of Bribir
    
    Mladen II Šubić of Bribir, a Croatian leader and member of the Šubić noble family, was a Ban of Croatia and Lord of all of Bosnia. After succeeding his father Paul, he further consolidated the Šubić domain, and brought Stephen Kotromanić to administer Bosnia under his overlordship. His subsequent rule marked the weakening of the Šubić and ended with a mutiny of Dalmatian cities and Croatian nobility in 1322. This further led to Mladen's defeat at the Battle of Bliska and subsequent imprisonment by king Charles I of Hungary, whom the Šubićs had previously initiated and guided to take the throne. Mladen continued to develop the state and court institutions, and his de facto rule led to the further development of the chivalric culture in Croatia.
  2. Battle of Bliska
    
    The Battle of Bliska was fought in 1322 between the army of a coalition of several Croatian noblemen and Dalmatian coastal towns and the forces of Mladen II Šubić of Bribir, Ban of Croatia, and his allies. The battle resulted in the defeat of Mladen II, who lost his power.
1200
1. Isabella of Angoulême is crowned Queen consort of England.
  1. Isabella of Angoulême
    
    Isabella was Queen of England from 1200 to 1216 as the second wife of King John, Countess of Angoulême in her own right from 1202 until her death in 1246, and Countess of La Marche from 1220 to 1246 as the wife of Count Hugh.
1075
1. Dmitar Zvonimir is crowned King of Croatia.
  1. Demetrius Zvonimir of Croatia
    
    Demetrius Zvonimir was a King of Dalmatia and Croatia from 1076 until his death in 1089. He was crowned as king in Solin on 8 October 1076. Zvonimir also served as Ban of Croatia (1064–1074), and was named Duke of Croatia in around 1075. His native name was Zvonimir; he adopted the forename Demetrius at his coronation.
876
1. Frankish forces led by Louis the Younger prevent a West Frankish invasion and defeat emperor Charles II ("the Bald").
  1. Battle of Andernach (876)
    
    The First Battle of Andernach between the West Frankish king Charles the Bald and the East Frankish king Louis the Younger took place on 8 October 876 near Kettig southeast of Andernach and resulted in Charles' complete defeat.
451
1. The first session of the Council of Chalcedon begins.
  1. Council of Chalcedon
    
    The Council of Chalcedon was the fourth ecumenical council of the Christian Church. It was convoked by the Roman emperor Marcian. The council convened in the city of Chalcedon, Bithynia from 8 October to 1 November 451 AD. The council was attended by over 520 bishops or their representatives, making it the largest and best-documented of the first seven ecumenical councils. The principal purpose of the council was to re-assert the teachings of the ecumenical Council of Ephesus against the heresies of Eutyches and Nestorius. Such heresies attempted to dismantle and separate Christ's divine nature from his humanity (Nestorianism) and further, to limit Christ as solely divine in nature (Monophysitism).
314
1. Constantine I defeats Roman Emperor Licinius, who loses his European territories.
  1. Battle of Cibalae
    
    The Battle of Cibalae was fought in 316 between the two Roman emperors Constantine I and Licinius. The site of the battle, near the town of Cibalae in the Roman province of Pannonia Secunda, was approximately 350 kilometers within the territory of Licinius. Constantine won a resounding victory, despite being outnumbered.

Births & Deaths

2020
1. Whitey Ford, American professional baseball pitcher (b. 1928) deaths
  1. Whitey Ford
    
    Edward Charles "Whitey" Ford, nicknamed "the Chairman of the Board", was an American professional baseball pitcher who played his entire 16-year Major League Baseball (MLB) career with the New York Yankees. He was a 10-time All-Star and 6-time World Series champion. In 1961, he won both the Cy Young Award and World Series Most Valuable Player Award. Ford led the American League (AL) in wins three times and in earned run average twice. He is the Yankees franchise leader in career wins (236), shutouts (45), innings pitched, and games started by a pitcher. Ford was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974.
2015
1. Richard Davies, Welsh-English actor (b. 1926) deaths
  1. Richard Davies (Welsh actor)
    
    Dennis Wilfred Davies, known professionally as Richard Davies, was a Welsh actor. He was probably best known for his performance as the exasperated schoolmaster Mr. Price in the popular LWT situation comedy Please Sir!. He used a broad Welsh accent for much of his work, but had used other accents to play a wide range of characters, in addition to several Welsh stereotypes.
2. Jim Diamond, Scottish singer-songwriter (b. 1951) deaths
  1. Jim Diamond (singer)
    
    James Aaron Diamond was a Scottish singer-songwriter, best known for his three top 5 hits: "I Won't Let You Down" (1982), as the lead singer of PhD; and his solo performances "I Should Have Known Better", a United Kingdom No. 1 in 1984, and "Hi Ho Silver", the theme song from Boon, which reached No. 5 on the UK Singles Chart in 1986.
3. Dennis Eichhorn, American author and illustrator (b. 1945) deaths
  1. Dennis Eichhorn
    
    Dennis P. Eichhorn was an American writer, best known for his adult-oriented autobiographical comic book series Real Stuff. His stories, often involving, sex, drugs, and alcohol, have been compared to those of Jack Kerouac, Ken Kesey, and Charles Bukowski.
4. Lindy Infante, American football player and coach (b. 1940) deaths
  1. Lindy Infante
    
    Gelindo "Lindy" Infante was an American football player and coach, who became an offensive coordinator and head coach in both the National Football League (NFL) and the United States Football League (USFL). Infante played college football for the University of Florida, and later served as the head coach of the Jacksonville Bulls of the USFL, and the Green Bay Packers and Indianapolis Colts of the NFL.
5. Paul Prudhomme, American chef and author (b. 1940) deaths
  1. Paul Prudhomme
    
    Paul Prudhomme, also known as Gene Autry Prudhomme, was an American celebrity chef whose specialties were Creole and Cajun cuisines, which he was also credited with popularizing. He was the chef proprietor of K-Paul's Louisiana Kitchen in New Orleans, and had formerly owned and run several other restaurants. He developed several culinary products, including hot sauce and seasoning mixes, and wrote 11 cookbooks.
2014
1. Morris Lurie, Australian author and playwright (b. 1938) deaths
  1. Morris Lurie
    
    Moses "Morris" Lurie was an Australian writer of comic novels, short stories, essays, plays, and children's books. His work focused on the comic mishaps of Jewish-Australian men of Lurie's generation, who are invariably jazz fans.
2. Alden E. Matthews, American missionary (b. 1921) deaths
  1. Alden E. Matthews
    
    Alden Ewart Matthews was a Congregationalist missionary to China and Japan.
3. Harden M. McConnell, American chemist and academic (b. 1927) deaths
  1. Harden M. McConnell
    
    Harden M. McConnell was an American physical chemist. His many awards included the National Medal of Science and the Wolf Prize, and he was elected to the National Academy of Science."
4. Zilpha Keatley Snyder, American author (b. 1927) deaths
  1. Zilpha Keatley Snyder
    
    Zilpha Keatley Snyder was an American author of books for children and young adults. Three of Snyder's works were named Newbery Honor books: The Egypt Game, The Headless Cupid and The Witches of Worm. She was most famous for writing adventure stories and fantasies.
5. Jeen van den Berg, Dutch speed skater (b. 1928) deaths
  1. Jeen van den Berg
    
    Jeen van den Berg was a Dutch long track speed skating athlete primarily known as the winner of the Elfstedentocht of 1954. He competed in the race a record seven times, with his first race being in 1947 and his final one in 1997.
2013
1. Philip Chevron, Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1957) deaths
  1. Philip Chevron
    
    Philip Ryan, professionally known as Philip Chevron, was an Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist and record producer. He was best known as the lead guitarist for the celtic punk band The Pogues and as the frontman for the 1970s punk rock band The Radiators from Space. Upon his death in 2013, Chevron was regarded as one of the most influential figures in Irish punk music.
2. Paul Desmarais, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1927) deaths
  1. Paul Desmarais
    
    Paul Desmarais Sr. was a Canadian financier and philanthropist, based in Montreal. With an estimated family net worth of US$4.5 billion, Desmarais was ranked by Forbes as the fourth wealthiest person in Canada and 235th in the world in 2013. He was chairman and chief executive officer of Power Corporation of Canada until 1996 when he passed the reins of management of Power Corporation to his sons, Paul Jr. and André. He then continued to serve as a director and as chairman of the executive committee of the board, and remained the controlling shareholder. Power Corporation of Canada is a diversified international management and holding company with interests in companies in the financial services, asset management, sustainable and renewable energy, and other business sectors.
3. Rod Grams, American journalist and politician (b. 1948) deaths
  1. Rod Grams
    
    Rodney Dwight Grams was an American politician and television news anchor who served in both the United States House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate. A local news anchor, Grams became well-known for working at Twin Cities station KMSP-TV from 1982 until 1991. He was a member of the Republican Party.
4. Rodolphe Kasser, Swiss archaeologist and philologist (b. 1927) deaths
  1. Rodolphe Kasser
    
    Rodolphe Kasser, was a Swiss philologist, archaeologist, and a Coptic scholar. He was an expert in translation of ancient Coptic language manuscripts.
5. Andy Pafko, American baseball player and manager (b. 1921) deaths
  1. Andy Pafko
    
    Andrew Pafko was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs (1943–51), Brooklyn Dodgers (1951–52), and Milwaukee Braves (1953–59). He batted and threw right-handed and played center field.
6. Akong Rinpoche, Tibetan-Chinese spiritual leader (b. 1939) deaths
  1. Akong Rinpoche
    
    Chöje Akong Tulku Rinpoche was a tulku in the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism and co-founder of the Samye Ling Monastery in Scotland, Tara Rokpa Therapy & ROKPA International Charity.
2012
1. Varsha Bhosle, Indian singer and journalist (b. 1956) deaths
  1. Varsha Bhosle
    
    Varsha Bhosle was an Indian singer, journalist and writer based in Mumbai. She was the daughter of Indian playback singer, Asha Bhosle.
2. Marilou Diaz-Abaya, Filipino director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1955) deaths
  1. Marilou Diaz-Abaya
    
    Marilou Correa Diaz-Abaya was a Filipina multi-award winning film director. She was conferred the Order of National Artists of the Philippines for Film and Broadcast Arts in 2022, she was the founder and president of the Marilou Diaz-Abaya Film Institute and Arts Center, a film school based in Antipolo, Philippines. She was the director of the 1998 film José Rizal, a biographical film on the Philippines' national hero. She was part of the Second Golden Age of Philippine Cinema.
3. Eric Lomax, Scottish captain and author (b. 1919) deaths
  1. Eric Lomax
    
    Eric Sutherland Lomax was a British Army officer who was sent to a Japanese prisoner-of-war camp in 1942. He is most notable for his book, The Railway Man, about his experiences before, during, and after World War II, which won the 1996 NCR Book Award and the PEN/Ackerley Prize.
4. Nawal Kishore Sharma, Indian politician, 20th Governor of Gujarat (b. 1925) deaths
  1. Nawal Kishore Sharma
    
    Nawal Kishore Sharma was an Indian politician, who served as Governor of Gujarat state from July 2004 to July 2009.
  2. List of governors of Gujarat
    
    The governor of Gujarat Is a nominal head and representative of the president of india In the state of Gujarat. The governor is appointed by the president for a term of five years and resides in Raj Bhavan in Gandhinagar. Acharya Devvrat took charge as the governor on 22 July 2019.
2011
1. Al Davis, American football player, coach, and manager (b. 1929) deaths
  1. Al Davis
    
    Allen Davis was an American football coach and executive. He was the principal owner and general manager of the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL) for 39 years, from 1972 until his death in 2011. Prior to becoming the principal owner of the Raiders, he served as the team's head coach from 1963 to 1965 and part owner from 1966 to 1971, assuming both positions while the Raiders were part of the American Football League (AFL). He also served as the commissioner of the AFL in 1966.
2. Mikey Welsh, American guitarist and painter (b. 1971) deaths
  1. Mikey Welsh
    
    Michael Edward Welsh was an American artist and musician who played bass for several bands, including the rock band Weezer. During Weezer's hiatus, he played with Weezer frontman Rivers Cuomo in the band Homie, during Cuomo's time in Boston. Following original bassist Matt Sharp's departure from Weezer, Welsh joined as bassist and played with them from the time that they unofficially regrouped in 1998 until August 2001, when he experienced mental health problems. Shortly afterwards, he retired from music to focus on his art career. Welsh died from a drug overdose on October 8, 2011.
3. Roger Williams, American pianist (b. 1924) deaths
  1. Roger Williams (pianist)
    
    Roger Williams was an American popular music pianist. Described by the Los Angeles Times as "one of the most popular instrumentalists of the mid-20th century", and "the rare instrumental pop artist to strike a lasting commercial chord," Williams had 22 hit singles–including the chart-topping "Autumn Leaves" in 1955 and "Born Free" in 1966–and 38 hit albums between 1955 and 1972.
2010
1. Frank Bourgholtzer, American journalist (b. 1919) deaths
  1. Frank Bourgholtzer
    
    Frank Bourgholtzer was an American journalist and television correspondent.
2. Eileen Crofton, British physician and author (b. 1919) deaths
  1. Eileen Crofton
    
    Lady Eileen Crofton, was a British physician and author. She was best known for her anti-smoking campaigns.
2008
1. Ângelo Carvalho, Portuguese footballer (b. 1925) deaths
  1. Ângelo Carvalho
    
    Ângelo Ferreira Carvalho , was a Portuguese footballer who played for FC Porto, as defender.
2. Bob Friend, English journalist (b. 1938) deaths
  1. Bob Friend (newscaster)
    
    Bob Friend, MBE was one of the original news anchors for the Sky News channel from its launch in 1989 until his retirement in late 2003.
3. Eileen Herlie, Scottish-American actress (b. 1918) deaths
  1. Eileen Herlie
    
    Eileen Herlie was a Scottish-American actress.
4. George Emil Palade, Romanian-American biologist and physician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1912) deaths
  1. George Emil Palade
    
    George Emil Palade was a Romanian cell biologist. Described as "the most influential cell biologist ever", in 1974 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine along with Albert Claude and Christian de Duve. The prize was granted for his innovations in electron microscopy and cell fractionation which together laid the foundations of modern molecular cell biology, the most notable discovery being the ribosomes of the endoplasmic reticulum – which he first described in 1955.
  2. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
    
    The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded yearly by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine. The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's 1895 will, are awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind". Nobel Prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace.
2007
1. Constantine Andreou, Greek painter and sculptor (b. 1917) deaths
  1. Constantine Andreou
    
    Constantine Andreou was a painter and sculptor of Greek origin with a highly successful career that spanned six decades. Andreou has been praised by many as an eminent figure in international art of the 20th century.
2006
1. Mark Porter, New Zealand race car driver (b. 1974) deaths
  1. Mark Porter (racing driver)
    
    Mark "Didley" Porter was a New Zealand racing driver who competed in the Fujitsu V8 Supercar touring car racing series in Australia.
2004
1. James Chace, American historian and author (b. 1931) deaths
  1. James Chace
    
    James Clarke Chace was an American historian, writing on American diplomacy and statecraft. His 12 books include the critically acclaimed Acheson: The Secretary of State Who Created the American World (1998), the definitive biography of former Secretary of State Dean Acheson. In a debate during the 2000 presidential primary, George W. Bush referred to Chace's Acheson as one of the books he was reading at the time.
2002
1. Qinwen Zheng, Chinese tennis player births
  1. Zheng Qinwen
    
    Zheng Qinwen is a Chinese tennis player. She reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 25, on 24 October 2022. Zheng is the current No. 2 female Chinese player.
2. Phyllis Calvert, English actress (b. 1915) deaths
  1. Phyllis Calvert
    
    Phyllis Hannah Murray-Hill, known professionally as Phyllis Calvert, was an English film, stage and television actress. She was one of the leading stars of the Gainsborough melodramas of the 1940s such as The Man in Grey (1943) and was one of the most popular movie stars in Britain in the 1940s. She continued her acting career for another 50 years.
3. Jacques Richard, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1952) deaths
  1. Jacques Richard
    
    Joseph Alfred Gilles Jacques Richard was a Canadian professional ice hockey player who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Atlanta Flames, Buffalo Sabres, and Quebec Nordiques. After an impressive junior career, Richard was considered a potential NHL superstar, but, except for a single season late in his career, he failed to live up to the promise. He led a troubled life both in hockey and after. Six years after retiring, in 1989, he was arrested for attempting to smuggle cocaine and then in 2002, Richard died in a car accident driving back from a party celebrating his 50th birthday.
2001
1. Dmitry Polyansky, First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union (b. 1917) deaths
  1. Dmitry Polyansky
    
    Dmitry Stepanovich Polyansky was a Soviet statesman who was First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union from 1965 to 1973. From 1958 to 1962 he was Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian SFSR, equivalent to a Premier in of one of the 15 Soviet Socialist Republics that comprised the Soviet Union.
  2. First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union
    
    The First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union was the deputy head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR); despite the title, the office was not necessarily held by a single individual. The office had three different names throughout its existence: First Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (1923–1946), First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1946–1991) and First Deputy Prime Minister of the Soviet Union (1991). The term first deputy premier was used by outside commentators to describe the office of first deputy head of government.
2000
1. Charlotte Lamb, English author (b. 1937) deaths
  1. Charlotte Lamb
    
    Sheila Holland, née Sheila Ann Mary Coates was best known under the pseudonym Charlotte Lamb as a prolific romantic novelist. She signed her novels with her married or maiden names – Sheila Holland, Sheila Coates – and under the pseudonyms Sheila Lancaster, Victoria Wolf and Laura Hardy. She was married to Richard Holland. They had five children, including a set of twins: - Michael Holland, Sarah Holland, Jane Holland, Charlotte Holland and David Holland.
1999
1. Putthipong Assaratanakul, Thai actor and singer births
  1. Putthipong Assaratanakul
    
    Putthipong Assaratanakul is a Thai actor and singer. He is known for his roles as Tao in My Ambulance (2019) and as Teh in I Told Sunset About You (2020) and I Promised You the Moon (2021).
2. Camila Rossi, Brazilian rhythmic gymnast births
  1. Camila Rossi
    
    Camila Rossi is a Brazilian rhythmic gymnast.
3. John McLendon, American basketball player and coach (b. 1915) deaths
  1. John McLendon
    
    John B. McLendon Jr. was an American basketball coach who is recognized as the first African American basketball coach at a predominantly white university and the first African American head coach in any professional sport. He was a major contributor to the development of modern basketball and coached on both the college and professional levels during his career. He has been enshrined three times in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, and also inducted into the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame.
1997
1. Fernanda Contreras Gómez, Mexican tennis player births
  1. Fernanda Contreras Gómez
    
    Fernanda Contreras Gómez is a Mexican tennis player. She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of world No. 139 achieved on 3 October 2022 and a doubles ranking of world No. 116 achieved on 17 October 2022. She played collegiately for Vanderbilt University.
2. Bella Thorne, American actress births
  1. Bella Thorne
    
    Annabella Avery Thorne is an American actress, singer, and writer. She first received recognition for her roles as Margaux Darling in the series Dirty Sexy Money (2007–2008) and as Ruthy Spivey in the drama series My Own Worst Enemy (2009), the latter of which earning her a Young Artist Award.
3. Bertrand Goldberg, American architect, designed the Marina City Building (b. 1913) deaths
  1. Bertrand Goldberg
    
    Bertrand Goldberg was an American architect and industrial designer, best known for the Marina City complex in Chicago, Illinois, the tallest reinforced concrete building in the world at the time of completion.
  2. Marina City
    
    Marina City is a mixed-use residential-commercial building complex in Chicago, Illinois, United States, North America, designed by architect Bertrand Goldberg. The multi-building complex opened between 1963 and 1967 and occupies almost an entire city block on State Street on the north bank of the Chicago River on the Near North Side, directly across from the Loop. Portions of the complex were designated a Chicago Landmark in 2016.
1996
1. Sara Sorribes Tormo, Spanish tennis player births
  1. Sara Sorribes Tormo
    
    Sara Sorribes Tormo is a Spanish professional tennis player. Sorribes Tormo has won one singles title and three doubles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as one doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour. On the ITF Circuit, she has won ten singles and five doubles titles. She won her maiden WTA title at the 2021 Abierto Zapopan in Guadalajara. She achieved her career-high singles ranking of world No. 32 on 7 February 2022 and peaked at No. 40 in the WTA doubles rankings on 3 February 2020. On the Challenger Tour, she has been runner-up at the Bol Open, and champion at the Open de Limoges, in doubles in 2019.
2. Sara Takanashi, Japanese ski jumper births
  1. Sara Takanashi
    
    Sara Takanashi is a Japanese ski jumper. She is one of the most successful female ski jumpers to date, as well as one of the most successful athletes in the history of the sport, having won four World Cup overall titles, seven World Championship medals, and a Winter Olympic medal. As of December 2022, Takanashi holds the record for the most individual World Cup wins, male or female, with 63. She also has three Guinness World Records certificates for the most podium finishes in the Ski Jumping World Cup, the most individual victories by a female in the Ski Jumping World Cup, and the most Ski Jumping World Cup individual victories in a career (overall).
1995
1. Christopher Keene, American conductor and educator (b. 1946) deaths
  1. Christopher Keene
    
    Christopher Keene was an American conductor.
1994
1. Oscar M. Ruebhausen, American lawyer (b. 1912) deaths
  1. Oscar M. Ruebhausen
    
    Oscar M. Ruebhausen was a prominent New York City lawyer, and adviser to Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller, and a president of the New York City Bar Association.
1993
1. Garbiñe Muguruza, Spanish tennis player births
  1. Garbiñe Muguruza
    
    Garbiñe Muguruza Blanco is a Spanish-Venezuelan professional tennis player. She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 1 by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), and a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 10. She has won ten singles titles, including two majors at the 2016 French Open and the 2017 Wimbledon Championships, and the 2021 WTA Finals.
2. Barbara Palvin, Hungarian model and actress births
  1. Barbara Palvin
    
    Barbara Palvin is a Hungarian model. She first appeared in the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue in 2016. In 2019, she became a Victoria's Secret Angel. She is also an Armani Beauty ambassador.
3. Molly Quinn, American actress and producer births
  1. Molly Quinn
    
    Molly Caitlyn Quinn is an American actress who has worked in theatre, film, and television. Her roles include Alexis Castle, daughter of the title character on ABC's Castle, and the voice of Bloom, one of the main characters in the Nickelodeon revival of Winx Club.
4. Darrell Wallace Jr., American race car driver births
  1. Bubba Wallace
    
    William Darrell "Bubba" Wallace Jr. is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 23 Toyota Camry for 23XI Racing and part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 18 Toyota Supra for Joe Gibbs Racing.
1992
1. Maria João Koehler, Portuguese tennis player births
  1. Maria João Koehler
    
    Maria João Koehler is a retired Portuguese tennis player.
2. Lidziya Marozava, Belarusian tennis player births
  1. Lidziya Marozava
    
    Lidziya Marozava is a professional tennis player from Belarus.
3. Willy Brandt, German lawyer and politician, 4th Chancellor of Germany, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1913) deaths
  1. Willy Brandt
    
    Willy Brandt was a German politician and statesman who was leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 1964 to 1987 and served as the chancellor of West Germany from 1969 to 1974. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1971 for his efforts to strengthen cooperation in western Europe through the EEC and to achieve reconciliation between West Germany and the countries of Eastern Europe. He was the first Social Democrat chancellor since 1930.
  2. Chancellor of Germany
    
    The chancellor of Germany, officially the federal chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, is the head of the federal government of Germany and the commander in chief of the German Armed Forces during wartime. The chancellor is the chief executive of the Federal Cabinet and heads the executive branch. The chancellor is elected by the Bundestag on the proposal of the federal president and without debate.
  3. Nobel Peace Prize
    
    The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Swedish industrialist, inventor and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine and Literature. Since March 1901, it has been awarded annually to those who have "done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses".
1991
1. Jordan McLean, Australian rugby league player births
  1. Jordan McLean
    
    Jordan McLean is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who plays as a prop for the North Queensland Cowboys in the NRL and Australia at international level.
1990
1. Rachel Klamer, Zimbabwean-Dutch triathlete births
  1. Rachel Klamer
    
    Rachel Klamer is a Dutch professional triathlete and member of the National team. She placed third at the Junior World Championships in 2009.
1989
1. Sione Lousi, New Zealand rugby league player births
  1. Sione Lousi
    
    Sione Lousi is a New Zealand professional rugby league footballer who plays for the Townsville Blackhawks in the Queensland Cup. He has played in the National Rugby League (NRL) for the New Zealand Warriors.
2. Mahmut Temür, Turkish footballer births
  1. Mahmut Temür
    
    Mahmut Temür is a Turkish footballer who plays for Mittelrheinliga club SV Eintracht Hohkeppel.
3. Armand Traoré, French footballer births
  1. Armand Traoré
    
    Armand Mouhamed Traoré is a former professional footballer who played as a left back. Traoré is a product of the Arsenal Academy. Born in France, he represented France at under-19 and under-21 levels, but since opted to represent his parents' native country, Senegal, at senior level.
1987
1. Frankie Brown, Scottish footballer births
  1. Frankie Brown
    
    Frankie Brown is a Scottish international footballer who currently plays for Bristol City in the FA WSL.
2. Aya Hirano, Japanese voice actress and singer births
  1. Aya Hirano
    
    Aya Hirano is a Japanese actress and singer associated with the voice acting agency Grick. Beginning in the entertainment industry as a child actor in television commercials, she appeared in her first voice acting role in the anime television series Angel Tales (2001).
3. Hassan Maatouk, Lebanese footballer births
  1. Hassan Maatouk
    
    Hassan Ali Maatouk is a Lebanese professional footballer who plays as a forward for Lebanese Premier League club Ansar and captains the Lebanon national team. Known for his pace and technical skills, Maatouk is Lebanon's all-time top goalscorer and most-capped player; he became a key part of the national team as their captain since 2016.
4. Taylor Price, American football player births
  1. Taylor Price
    
    Taylor Price is a former American football wide receiver. He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the third round of the 2010 NFL Draft. He played college football at Ohio University. He also played for the Jacksonville Jaguars and Seattle Seahawks.
5. Konstantinos Tsatsos, Greek scholar and politician, 2nd President of Greece (b. 1899) deaths
  1. Konstantinos Tsatsos
    
    Konstantinos D. Tsatsos was a Greek diplomat, professor of law, scholar and politician. He served as the second President of the Third Hellenic Republic from 1975 to 1980.
  2. President of Greece
    
    The president of Greece, officially the President of the Hellenic Republic, commonly referred to in Greek as the President of the Republic, is the head of state of Greece. The president is elected by the Hellenic Parliament; the role has been mainly ceremonial since the 1986 constitutional reform. The office was formally established by the Constitution of Greece in 1975, but has antecedents in the Second Hellenic Republic of 1924–1935 and the Greek junta in 1973–1974 which predated the transition to the current Third Hellenic Republic. The incumbent, since 13 March 2020, is Katerina Sakellaropoulou.
1986
1. Louis Dodds, English footballer births
  1. Louis Dodds
    
    Louis Bartholomew Dodds is an English footballer who plays for Northern Premier League Division One West side Hanley Town. He can play either as a midfielder or as a striker.
2. Michele Sepe, Italian rugby player births
  1. Michele Sepe
    
    Michele Sepe is an Italian rugby union player. Sepe, who is a wing, plays club rugby for Fiamme Oro Rugby. He made his debut for Italy against Japan on 11 June 2006.
1985
1. Bruno Mars, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor births
  1. Bruno Mars
    
    Peter Gene Hernandez, known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. He is known for his stage performances, retro showmanship, and for performing in a wide range of musical styles, including pop, R&B, funk, soul, reggae, disco, and rock. Mars is accompanied by his band, the Hooligans, who play a variety of instruments, such as electric guitar, bass, piano, keyboards, drums, and horns, and also serve as backup singers and dancers.
2. Eiji Wentz, Japanese singer-songwriter births
  1. Eiji Wentz
    
    Eiji Wentz is a Japanese singer, entertainer, actor and a member of the singer-songwriter duo WaT and belongs to the production company Burning Productions.
3. Elliphant, Swedish singer-songwriter and rapper births
  1. Elliphant
    
    Ellinor Miranda Salome Olovsdotter, known professionally as Elliphant, is a Swedish singer. Her sound was initially created together with the Swedish production duo Jungle, which consists of Tim Denéve and Ted Krotkiewski. The music they created together caught the attention of TEN Music Group, to which Elliphant signed in 2011. Elliphant also supported Major Lazer, the side project of American producer and DJ Diplo, on their 2015 European tour.
4. Malcolm Ross, American captain, physicist, and balloonist (b. 1919) deaths
  1. Malcolm Ross (balloonist)
    
    Malcolm David Ross was a captain in the United States Naval Reserve (USNR), an atmospheric scientist, and a balloonist who set several records for altitude and scientific inquiry, with more than 100 hours flight time in gas balloons by 1961. Along with Lieutenant Commander Victor A. Prather (USN), he set the altitude record for a manned balloon flight.
5. Gordon Welchman, English-American mathematician and scholar (b. 1906) deaths
  1. Gordon Welchman
    
    William Gordon Welchman was a British mathematician. During World War II, he worked at Britain's secret codebreaking centre, "Station X" at Bletchley Park, where he was one of the most important contributors. After the war he moved to the US, and worked on the design of military communications systems.
1984
1. Domenik Hixon, American football player births
  1. Domenik Hixon
    
    Domenik Hixon is a former American football wide receiver and return specialist in the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Denver Broncos in the fourth round of the 2006 NFL Draft. He played college football at Akron. He was also a member of New York Giants, with whom he became a two-time Super Bowl winner against the New England Patriots twice, as well as, a member of the Carolina Panthers and the Chicago Bears.
1983
1. Mario Cassano, Italian footballer births
  1. Mario Cassano
    
    Mario Cassano is an Italian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.
2. Michael Fraser, Scottish footballer births
  1. Michael Fraser (footballer)
    
    Michael Alan Fraser is a Scottish former football goalkeeper. During his career he played for Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Motherwell, Montrose, Birkirkara, Ross County and Elgin City.
3. Mihkel Kukk, Estonian javelin thrower births
  1. Mihkel Kukk
    
    Mihkel Kukk is a male javelin thrower from Estonia. His personal best throw is 81.77 metres, achieved in July 2008 in Stockholm.
4. Abhishek Nayar, Indian cricketer births
  1. Abhishek Nayar
    
    Abhishek Mohan Nair is a former Indian international cricketer. He is an all-rounder who bats left-handed and bowls right-arm medium pace. He played first class cricket for Mumbai and also represented Mumbai Indians, Kings XI Punjab, Pune Warriors India and Rajasthan Royals in the Indian Premier League. He played in his 100th first-class match in November 2018.
5. Travis Pastrana, American motorcycle racer births
  1. Travis Pastrana
    
    Travis Alan Pastrana is an American professional motorsports competitor and stunt performer who has won championships and X Games gold medals in several disciplines, including supercross, motocross, freestyle motocross, and rally racing. He runs a show called Nitro Circus and the rallycross racing series Nitro Rallycross.
6. Joan Hackett, American actress (b. 1934) deaths
  1. Joan Hackett
    
    Joan Ann Hackett was an American actress of film, stage, and television. She starred in the 1967 western Will Penny. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress for the 1981 film Only When I Laugh. She also starred as Christine Mannon in the 1978 PBS miniseries version of Mourning Becomes Electra.
1982
1. Phil Mustard, English cricketer births
  1. Phil Mustard
    
    Philip Mustard is an English cricketer who most recently played for Gloucestershire and has also represented England. Mustard is a left-handed batsman and wicketkeeper, with a style likened to that of Australia's Adam Gilchrist. Following success for Durham with both gloves and bat, averaging 49.61, and after an injury to England's keeper Matt Prior during the 2007 Twenty20 World Championship, Mustard was called up to the England squad to face Sri Lanka in the winter ODI series. He was named captain of Durham in May 2010.
2. Miloš Pavlović, Serbian race car driver births
  1. Miloš Pavlović (racing driver)
    
    Miloš Pavlović is a Serbian professional racing driver.
3. Annemiek van Vleuten, Dutch cyclist births
  1. Annemiek van Vleuten
    
    Annemiek van Vleuten is a Dutch professional road racing cyclist who currently rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam Movistar Team.
4. Fernando Lamas, Argentinian-American actor and director (b. 1916) deaths
  1. Fernando Lamas
    
    Fernando Álvaro Lamas y de Santos was an Argentine-American actor and director, and the father of actor Lorenzo Lamas.
5. Philip Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker, English runner and politician, Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889) deaths
  1. Philip Noel-Baker
    
    Philip John Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker,, born Philip John Baker, was a British politician, diplomat, academic, athlete, and renowned campaigner for disarmament. He carried the British team flag and won a silver medal for the 1500m at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, and received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1959.
  2. Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations
    
    The Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations was a British Cabinet minister responsible for dealing with the United Kingdom's relations with members of the Commonwealth of Nations. The minister's department was the Commonwealth Relations Office (CRO).
  3. Nobel Peace Prize
    
    The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Swedish industrialist, inventor and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine and Literature. Since March 1901, it has been awarded annually to those who have "done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses".
1981
1. Vladimir Kisenkov, Russian footballer births
  1. Vladimir Kisenkov
    
    Vladimir Sergeyevich Kisenkov is a former Russian footballer.
2. Raffi Torres, Canadian ice hockey player births
  1. Raffi Torres
    
    Raphael Torres is a Canadian former professional ice hockey left winger. He was drafted by the New York Islanders fifth overall in the 2000 NHL Entry Draft. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the New York Islanders, Edmonton Oilers, Columbus Blue Jackets, Buffalo Sabres, Vancouver Canucks, Phoenix Coyotes and San Jose Sharks.
1980
1. Nick Cannon, American actor, rapper, and producer births
  1. Nick Cannon
    
    Nicholas Scott Cannon is an American television host, actor, rapper, and comedian. In television, Cannon began as a teenager on All That before going on to host The Nick Cannon Show, Wild 'n Out, America's Got Talent, Lip Sync Battle Shorties, and The Masked Singer. He acted in the films Drumline, Love Don't Cost a Thing, and Roll Bounce.
1979
1. Paul Burchill, English wrestler births
  1. Paul Burchill
    
    Paul Birchall, better known by his ring name Paul Burchill, is an English retired professional wrestler best known for his time with WWE. Prior to joining WWE, Burchill wrestled for the Frontier Wrestling Alliance and other promotions in Europe.
2. Gregori Chad Petree, American singer-songwriter and guitarist births
  1. Gregori Chad Petree
    
    Gregori Chad Petree is a musician who is best known as co-lead vocalist and guitarist of American new wave/indie/rock band Shiny Toy Guns. He also contributes music for production libraries such as Killer Tracks.
3. Brian Edmund Baker, English air marshal (b. 1896) deaths
  1. Brian Edmund Baker
    
    Air Marshal Sir Brian Edmund Baker, was an officer of the Royal Air Force who served in both World Wars. He was a flying ace in World War I credited, in conjunction with his gunners, with twelve victories, comprising one enemy aircraft captured, four destroyed, and seven "out of control".
4. Jayaprakash Narayan, Indian politician (b. 1902) deaths
  1. Jayaprakash Narayan
    
    Jayaprakash Narayan, popularly referred to as JP or Lok Nayak, was an Indian independence activist, theorist, socialist and political leader. He is remembered for leading the mid-1970s opposition against Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, for whose overthrow he had called for a "total revolution". His biography, Jayaprakash, was written by his nationalist friend and the writer of Hindi literature, Rambriksh Benipuri. In 1999, he was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, in recognition of his social service. Other awards include the Magsaysay award for Public Service in 1965.
1978
1. Antonino D'Agostino, Italian footballer births
  1. Antonino D'Agostino
    
    Antonino D'Agostino is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for ASD Monastir Kosmoto. He played in Serie A for Atalanta and Cagliari.
2. Mick O'Driscoll, Irish rugby player and coach births
  1. Mick O'Driscoll
    
    Michael Rowan O'Driscoll is an Irish former rugby union player. He played for Munster in the Pro12 and Heineken Cup, and played internationally for Ireland. He was an integral senior player for Munster and captained the province numerous times, particularly during the 2008–09 season.
3. Bertha Parker Pallan, American archaeologist (b. 1907) deaths
  1. Bertha Parker Pallan
    
    Bertha Pallan Thurston Cody was an American archaeologist, working as an assistant in archaeology at the Southwest Museum. She was also married to actor Iron Eyes Cody. She is thought to be the first Native American female archaeologist of Abenaki and Seneca descent.
1977
1. Anne-Caroline Chausson, French cyclist births
  1. Anne-Caroline Chausson
    
    Anne-Caroline Chausson is a French professional cyclist who competes in bicycle enduro, bicycle motocross (BMX), downhill time trial and cross-country mass start, dual, and four-cross mountain bicycle racing. She is best known for having won thirteen Union Cycliste Internationale senior mountain bike world championship rainbow jerseys, fourteen European mountain bike championships, and five consecutive Mountain Bike World Cup downhill series (1998-2002). She was nominated for the 2003 Laureus World Sports Awards Alternative Sportsperson of the Year. At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Chausson competed for France in the inaugural women's BMX event, winning the gold medal.
2. Jamie Marchi, American voice actress, director, and screenwriter births
  1. Jamie Marchi
    
    Jamie Lynn Marchi is an American voice actress, ADR director and script writer who works for Funimation, and Sentai Filmworks. She has provided a number of voices for English-language versions of anime and video games. She is known for her role as Masane Amaha in Witchblade, Mari Ohara in Love Live! Sunshine!!, Mimi in Rin: Daughters of Mnemosyne, Mitsuko Kongo in A Certain Scientific Railgun, Charlotte E. Yeager in Strike Witches, Haruna Saotome in Negima!, Rias Gremory in High School DxD and Panty Anarchy in Panty & Stocking with Garterbelt.
3. Erna Siikavirta, Finnish singer-songwriter and keyboard player births
  1. Erna Siikavirta
    
    Erna Inari Kaarina Siikavirta is a Finnish keyboard player. She is best known as a member of the rock band Lordi, which she joined in 1997 under the stage name Enary. She left the band in 2005, at the request of the other members.
4. Giorgos Papasideris, Greek singer-songwriter (b. 1902) deaths
  1. Giorgos Papasideris
    
    Giorgos Papasideris was a Greek singer, composer, and lyricist. He was born on Salamis Island. After leaving elementary school, he spent his entire career working professionally in the field of traditional Greek folk music, producing many popular recordings. He died of a heart attack in 1977 on Salamis Island. In a district of Salamis City, named Alonia in the birthplace of Papasideris, there is a bust in memory of him.
1976
1. Karina Bacchi, Brazilian model and actress births
  1. Karina Bacchi
    
    Karina Bacchi is a Brazilian actress, model and television presenter, best known for being the winner of the first season of the Brazilian version of Dancing with the Stars and the winner of the second season of the Brazilian version of The Farm.
2. Galo Blanco, Spanish tennis player and coach births
  1. Galo Blanco
    
    Galo Blanco is a retired professional tennis player from Oviedo, Spain. After many years as a professional tennis coach Blanco joined the Davis Cup steering committee in 2018.
3. Renate Groenewold, Dutch speed skater and cyclist births
  1. Renate Groenewold
    
    Renate Titzia Groenewold is a Dutch former long track speed skater and road bicycle racer.
1974
1. Kevyn Adams, American ice hockey player and coach births
  1. Kevyn Adams
    
    Kevyn William Adams is an American former professional ice hockey center and current general manager of the Buffalo Sabres of the National Hockey League. During his career, Adams played for the Toronto Maple Leafs, Columbus Blue Jackets, Florida Panthers, Carolina Hurricanes, Phoenix Coyotes and the Chicago Blackhawks, and was also a former associate coach for the Sabres.
2. Fredrik Modin, Swedish ice hockey player births
  1. Fredrik Modin
    
    Jan Fredrik "Freddy" Modin is a Swedish former professional ice hockey left winger who played 14 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) and most notably won the Stanley Cup with the Tampa Bay Lightning in the 2003–04 season.
3. Koji Murofushi, Japanese hammer thrower births
  1. Koji Murofushi
    
    Koji Alexander Murofushi, is a former Japanese-Romanian hammer thrower and sports scientist. He has been among the world elite since the 2001 World Championships, where he won the silver medal. He was the 2004 Olympic champion. In 2011, he was crowned world champion.
1973
1. Jim Fairchild, American singer-songwriter and guitarist births
  1. Jim Fairchild
    
    Kirby James Fairchild is an American guitarist and singer-songwriter. He is best known as the lead guitarist of the indie rock bands Grandaddy and Modest Mouse. Fairchild has released solo material under the pseudonym All Smiles.
2. Kari Korhonen, Finnish cartoonist births
  1. Kari Korhonen
    
    Kari Korhonen is a Finnish cartoonist known for his stories about Donald Duck.
3. Gabriel Marcel, French philosopher, playwright, and critic (b. 1889) deaths
  1. Gabriel Marcel
    
    Gabriel Honoré Marcel was a French philosopher, playwright, music critic and leading Christian existentialist. The author of over a dozen books and at least thirty plays, Marcel's work focused on the modern individual's struggle in a technologically dehumanizing society. Though often regarded as the first French existentialist, he dissociated himself from figures such as Jean-Paul Sartre, preferring the term philosophy of existence or neo-Socrateanism to define his own thought. The Mystery of Being is a well-known two-volume work authored by Marcel.
1972
1. Terry Balsamo, American guitarist and songwriter births
  1. Terry Balsamo
    
    Terry Philip Balsamo II is an American guitarist and songwriter who is best known as the former guitarist of the American rock bands Cold and Evanescence. Balsamo is noted for his onstage expression of his fondness for Michael Myers of the Halloween film franchise.
2. Stanislav Varga, Slovak footballer and manager births
  1. Stanislav Varga
    
    Stanislav Varga is a Slovak football manager and former player, currently in charge of Polish I liga club Sandecja Nowy Sącz.
1971
1. Marc Ellis, New Zealand rugby player and television host births
  1. Marc Ellis (rugby)
    
    Marc Christopher Gwynne Ellis is a New Zealand businessman, television presenter, and former rugby union and rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s. A graduate of the University of Otago, his primary business interest was in Charlie's, a juice company. During the 1995 Rugby World Cup he scored six tries in the game against Japan, which is the record for the most tries by an individual in a Rugby World Cup match.
2. David Gauke, English lawyer and politician births
  1. David Gauke
    
    David Michael Gauke is a British political commentator, solicitor and former politician who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for South West Hertfordshire from 2005 to 2019. He served in the Cabinet under Theresa May, most notably as Secretary of State for Justice and Lord Chancellor from 2018 to 2019. First elected as a Conservative, Gauke had the Conservative whip removed on 3 September 2019 and until the dissolution sat as an independent politician.
3. Pınar Selek, Turkish sociologist, author, and academic births
  1. Pınar Selek
    
    Pınar Selek is a Turkish sociologist, feminist, and author. She is known for her work on the rights of vulnerable communities in Turkey, including women, the poor, street children, sexual minorities, and Kurdish communities. She is the author of several books published in Turkish, German, and French, and is one of the founding editors of Amargi, a Turkish feminist journal. She currently resides in France and became a French citizen in 2017.
4. Monty Williams, American basketball player and coach births
  1. Monty Williams
    
    Tavares Montgomery Williams is an American professional basketball coach and a former player and executive who is the head coach for the Phoenix Suns of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Williams played for five NBA teams during a playing career that spanned from 1994 to 2003. His NBA coaching career has included stints as an assistant coach, as an associate head coach, and as a head coach. Williams was the head coach for the New Orleans Hornets/Pelicans from 2010 until 2015. He served as an assistant coach with the United States national team under Mike Krzyzewski, and he has worked as a vice president of basketball operations for the San Antonio Spurs. In May 2019, Williams was hired as the head coach of the Phoenix Suns. In 2021, he led the Suns to their first NBA Finals appearance since 1993. He was named the NBA Coach of the Year in 2022, when the Suns finished the regular season with a franchise-record 64 wins.
1970
1. Mathieu Ngudjolo Chui, Congolese colonel births
  1. Mathieu Ngudjolo Chui
    
    Mathieu Ngudjolo Chui is a colonel in the Congolese army and a former senior commander of the National Integrationist Front (FNI) and the Patriotic Resistance Force in Ituri (FRPI).
2. Matt Damon, American actor, producer, and screenwriter births
  1. Matt Damon
    
    Matthew Paige Damon is an American actor, film producer, and screenwriter. Ranked among Forbes' most bankable stars, the films in which he has appeared have collectively earned over $3.88 billion at the North American box office, making him one of the highest-grossing actors of all time. He has received various awards and nominations, including an Academy Award and two Golden Globe Awards, in addition to nominations for three British Academy Film Awards and seven Primetime Emmy Awards.
3. Anne-Marie Duff, English actress births
  1. Anne-Marie Duff
    
    Anne-Marie Duff is an Irish actress and narrator. She is an accomplished theatre actress and has been nominated for a Laurence Olivier Award. She has also received acclaim and awards for her television and film work.
4. Sadiq Khan, English lawyer and politician, Minister of State for Transport, Mayor of London births
  1. Sadiq Khan
    
    Sadiq Aman Khan is a British politician serving as Mayor of London since 2016. He was previously Member of Parliament (MP) for Tooting from 2005 until 2016. A member of the Labour Party, Khan is on the party's soft left and has been ideologically characterised as a social democrat.
  2. Minister of State for Transport
    
    The Minister of State for Transport is a mid-level ministerial position in the Department for Transport of the Government of the United Kingdom who deputises for the Secretary of State for Transport. There is also a list of Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Transport, which is junior to Minister of State.
  3. Mayor of London
    
    The mayor of London is the chief executive of the Greater London Authority. The role was created in 2000 after the Greater London devolution referendum in 1998, and was the first directly elected mayor in the United Kingdom.
5. Sisaundra Lewis, American singer-songwriter and producer births
  1. Sisaundra Lewis
    
    Sisaundra Lewis is an American singer, songwriter and producer from Haines City, Florida. She was a contestant on season 6 of the US series The Voice as a member of Blake Shelton's team. Sisaundra is currently the Producer and Host of 2 television shows on AFRO TV, an Afrotainment cable television network: The Sisaundra Show and AFROJAms a Live music performance television show.
6. Tetsuya Nomura, Japanese video game designer and director births
  1. Tetsuya Nomura
    
    Tetsuya Nomura is a Japanese video game artist, designer and director working for Square Enix. He designed characters for the Final Fantasy series, debuting with Final Fantasy VI and continuing with various later installments. Additionally, Nomura has led the development of the Kingdom Hearts series since its inception in 2002 and was the director of the 2005 film Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children.
7. Jean Giono, French author and poet (b. 1895) deaths
  1. Jean Giono
    
    Jean Giono was a French writer who wrote works of fiction mostly set in the Provence region of France.
1969
1. Jeremy Davies, American actor births
  1. Jeremy Davies
    
    Jeremy Davies is an American film and television actor. He is known for playing Ray Aibelli in Spanking the Monkey (1994), Corporal Upham in Saving Private Ryan (1998), Snow in Solaris (2002), Bill Henson in Dogville (2003), Charles Manson in Helter Skelter (2004), Sergeant Gene DeBruin in Rescue Dawn (2006) and Daniel Faraday on the ABC series Lost (2008–2010).
2. Dylan Neal, Canadian-American actor, producer, and screenwriter births
  1. Dylan Neal
    
    Dylan Jeremy Neal is a Canadian/American actor. He holds dual citizenship in Canada and the United States. He is known for his portrayal of the character Dylan Shaw on the soap opera The Bold and the Beautiful, Doug Witter on Dawson's Creek, and Detective Mike Celluci in the supernatural series Blood Ties. He also played Aaron Jacobs on Sabrina, the Teenage Witch.
1968
1. Ali Benarbia, Algerian footballer births
  1. Ali Benarbia
    
    Ali Benarbia is an Algerian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder, he is a TV presenter for Al Jazeera Sports in Doha.
2. Zvonimir Boban, Croatian footballer and sportscaster births
  1. Zvonimir Boban
    
    Zvonimir "Zvone" Boban is a Croatian former footballer who currently works at UEFA as the Chief of Football. Boban played as a midfielder and was usually deployed as an attacking midfielder. He played most of his professional career for Italian club Milan with whom he won four Serie A titles and one UEFA Champions League title. He also captained the Croatia national team which won third place at the 1998 FIFA World Cup.
3. Emily Procter, American actress births
  1. Emily Procter
    
    Emily Mallory Procter is an American actress and activist. She played Ainsley Hayes in the NBC political drama The West Wing and Det. Calleigh Duquesne in the CBS police procedural drama CSI: Miami (2002–2012).
4. CL Smooth, American rapper and producer births
  1. CL Smooth
    
    Corey Brent Penn, Sr., known by his stage name CL Smooth, is an American rapper. He is best known as the vocal half of the hip-hop duo Pete Rock & CL Smooth.
5. Leeroy Thornhill, English keyboard player and DJ births
  1. Leeroy Thornhill
    
    Leeroy Thornhill is a British electronic music artist and formerly a rave dancer and occasionally keyboardist for the British electronic group the Prodigy. Thornhill's live performances throughout the 1990s included his unique style of shuffling.
1967
1. Yvonne Reyes, Venezuelan television host and actress births
  1. Ivonne Reyes
    
    Ivonne Reyes is a Venezuelan actress and TV presenter.
2. Teddy Riley, American singer-songwriter and producer births
  1. Teddy Riley
    
    Edward Theodore Riley is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer credited with the creation of the New Jack Swing genre. Riley credits Barry Michael Cooper with giving the genre its name.
3. Clement Attlee, English soldier, lawyer, and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1883) deaths
  1. Clement Attlee
    
    Clement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee, was a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1935 to 1955. He was Deputy Prime Minister during the wartime coalition government under Winston Churchill, and served twice as Leader of the Opposition from 1935 to 1940 and from 1951 to 1955. Attlee remains the longest serving Labour leader.
  2. Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
    
    The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government of the United Kingdom. The prime minister advises the sovereign on the exercise of much of the royal prerogative, chairs the Cabinet and selects its ministers. As modern prime ministers hold office by virtue of their ability to command the confidence of the House of Commons, they sit as members of Parliament.
1966
1. Art Barr, American wrestler (d. 1994) births
  1. Art Barr
    
    Arthur Leon Barr was an American professional wrestler. While he wrestled briefly for World Championship Wrestling, he found his greatest success in Mexico's Asistencia Asesoría y Administración promotion.
2. Karyn Parsons, American actress and producer births
  1. Karyn Parsons
    
    Karyn Parsons Rockwell is an American actress, author and comedian. She is best known for her role as Hilary Banks on the NBC sitcom The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air from 1990 to 1996. Parsons also starred in the 1995 film Major Payne opposite Damon Wayans, and in The Job (2001–2002) as Toni.
1965
1. Matt Biondi, American swimmer and coach births
  1. Matt Biondi
    
    Matthew Nicholas Biondi is an American former competitive swimmer and water polo player. As a swimmer, he is an eleven-time Olympic medalist, and former world record-holder in five events. Biondi competed in the Summer Olympic Games in 1984, 1988 and 1992, winning a total of eleven medals. During his career, he set three individual world records in the 50-meter freestyle and four in the 100-meter freestyle.
2. Ardal O'Hanlon, Irish comedian, actor, and screenwriter births
  1. Ardal O'Hanlon
    
    Ardal O'Hanlon is an Irish comedian, actor, and author. He played Father Dougal McGuire in Father Ted (1995–1998), George Sunday/Thermoman in My Hero (2000–2005), and DI Jack Mooney in Death in Paradise (2017–2020). His novel The Talk of the Town was published in 1998.
3. Harri Koskela, Finnish wrestler births
  1. Harri Koskela
    
    Harri Matias Koskela is a Finnish wrestler and Olympic medalist in Greco-Roman wrestling.
4. C. J. Ramone, American singer-songwriter and bass player births
  1. C. J. Ramone
    
    Christopher Joseph Ward, better known as C. J. Ramone, is an American musician best known for working as the bassist, backing and occasional lead vocalist of the punk rock group the Ramones from 1989 to 1996. He is one of the four surviving members of the Ramones, along with three of their drummers, Marky Ramone, Richie Ramone, and Elvis Ramone.
1964
1. Jakob Arjouni, German author (d. 2013) births
  1. Jakob Arjouni
    
    Jakob Bothe, better known by his pen name Jakob Arjouni, was a German author. He received the 1992 German Crime Fiction Prize for One Man, One Murder.
2. Ian Hart, English actor births
  1. Ian Hart
    
    Ian Davies, better known by his stage name Ian Hart, is an English actor. His most notable roles are Rabbit in the Channel Four drama miniseries One Summer (1983), Joe O'Reilly in the biopic Michael Collins (1996), Professor Quirrell in the fantasy film Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001), Ludwig van Beethoven in the film Eroica (2003), Kester Gill in the E4 series My Mad Fat Diary (2013–2015), and Father Beocca in the BBC/Netflix series The Last Kingdom (2015–2020).
3. CeCe Winans, American singer-songwriter births
  1. CeCe Winans
    
    Priscilla Marie Winans Love, known professionally as CeCe Winans, is an American gospel singer. She rose to prominence as a member of the duo BeBe & CeCe Winans; before launching an acclaimed solo career. Winans has been awarded 15 Grammy Awards, the most for a female gospel singer; and 31 GMA Dove Awards, 16 Stellar Awards, 7 NAACP Image Awards, along with many other awards and honors to her credit. Winans is considered to be one of the greatest gospel artists of all time, the most-awarded gospel artist of all time, and is the best-selling gospel act of all time.
1963
1. Steve Perry, American ska singer-songwriter and guitarist births
  1. Steve Perry (Oregon musician)
    
    Stephen Henry Perry is an American musician, best known as lead singer, songwriter and rhythm guitarist for the Oregon ska-swing band the Cherry Poppin' Daddies.
2. Remedios Varo, Spanish-Mexican painter (b. 1908) deaths
  1. Remedios Varo
    
    María de los Remedios Alicia Rodriga Varo y Uranga was a Spanish-born Mexican surrealist artist working in Spain, France, and Mexico.
1962
1. Richard Lintern, British actor births
  1. Richard Lintern
    
    Richard Charles Lintern is an English stage, voice and screen actor.
2. Bruno Thiry, Belgian race car driver births
  1. Bruno Thiry
    
    Bruno Thiry is a Belgian rally driver. He was born in St. Vith, Liège Province.
3. Chen Xiaoxia, Chinese diver births
  1. Chen Xiaoxia
    
    Chen Xiaoxia is a former Chinese diver.
1961
1. Steven Bernstein, American trumpet player and composer births
  1. Steven Bernstein (musician)
    
    Steven Bernstein is an American trumpeter, slide trumpeter, arranger/composer and bandleader from New York City. He is best known for his work in The Lounge Lizards, Sex Mob, Spanish Fly and the Millennial Territory Orchestra. Sex Mob's 2006 CD Sexotica was nominated for a Grammy.
2. Jon Stevens, New Zealand-Australian singer-songwriter births
  1. Jon Stevens
    
    Jon Stevens is a New Zealand singer, best known for his work with Noiseworks and Jesus Christ Superstar.
3. Simon Burke, Australian actor and producer births
  1. Simon Burke
    
    Simon Gareth Burke is an Australian actor, active in films, television and theatre.
4. Ted Kooshian, American pianist and composer births
  1. Ted Kooshian
    
    Ted Kooshian is an American jazz pianist, keyboardist, and composer who has performed with Aretha Franklin, Chuck Berry, Marvin Hamlisch, Edgar Winter, Sarah Brightman, Il Divo, and Blood, Sweat, and Tears. Kooshian has played in many Broadway pit orchestras, and has been a member of the Ed Palermo Big Band since 1994. Originally from San Jose, California, Kooshian has been performing since the 1980s.
1960
1. Andrea Anastasi, Italian volleyball player and coach births
  1. Andrea Anastasi
    
    Andrea Anastasi is an Italian volleyball coach and former player. He was part of the Italian national team in 1981–1991, 1990 World Champion, 1989 European Champion, two–time World League winner.
2. Reed Hastings, American businessman, co-founded Netflix births
  1. Reed Hastings
    
    Wilmot Reed Hastings Jr. is an American billionaire businessman. He is the co-founder, chairman, and co-chief executive officer (CEO) of Netflix, and sits on a number of boards and non-profit organizations. A former member of the California State Board of Education, Hastings is an advocate for education reform through charter schools.
  2. Netflix
    
    Netflix, Inc. is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service and production company based in Los Gatos, California. Founded in 1997 by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph in Scotts Valley, California, it offers a film and television series library through distribution deals as well as its own productions, known as Netflix Originals.
3. Rano Karno, Indonesian actor and politician births
  1. Rano Karno
    
    Rano Karno is an Indonesian actor and politician. From his acting career he is known for starring in the 1979 film Gita Cinta dari SMA. On 30 October 2011 he was elected Deputy Governor of Banten. He has served as acting Governor of Banten since 14 May 2014.
4. Ralf Minge, German footballer and manager births
  1. Ralf Minge
    
    Ralf Minge is a German footballer former coach and player who works as sporting director of Dynamo Dresden.
5. François Pérusse, Canadian singer-songwriter and comedian births
  1. François Pérusse
    
    François Pérusse is a Québécois comedian and musician famous for his radio sketches featuring puns and absurd humour. His best-known sketches are from the series Les 2 minutes du peuple.
6. Mike Teague, English rugby player births
  1. Mike Teague
    
    Michael Clive Teague is a former England and British Lions rugby union footballer.
1959
1. Tommy Armour III, American golfer births
  1. Tommy Armour III
    
    Thomas Dickson Armour III is an American professional golfer.
2. Nick Bakay, American actor, producer, and screenwriter births
  1. Nick Bakay
    
    Nicholas Bakay is an American actor, comedian, writer, producer and sports commentator. He is known as the voice of Salem Saberhagen on ABC/The WB's Sabrina the Teenage Witch, Sabrina: The Animated Series, and Norbert Beaver on The Angry Beavers. He played Karl on the Fox sitcom 'Til Death as well as serving as a producer of the show until it was cancelled by Fox. He is also one of the executive producers of the CBS sitcom Mom.
3. Gavin Friday, Irish singer-songwriter, actor, and producer births
  1. Gavin Friday
    
    Gavin Friday is an Irish singer and songwriter, composer, actor and painter, best known as a founding member of the post-punk group The Virgin Prunes.
4. Erik Gundersen, Danish motorcycle racer births
  1. Erik Gundersen
    
    Erik Gundersen is a former motorcycle speedway rider in the late 1970s and 1980s. Gundersen is one of the most successful speedway riders of all time. He was the Speedway World Champion on three occasions, a two time Long Track World Champion, a five time World Pairs Champion, and a seven time World Team Cup winner with Denmark.
5. Peter Horrocks, English journalist and producer births
  1. Peter Horrocks
    
    Peter John Gibson Horrocks CBE is a broadcast executive and a former Vice-Chancellor of The Open University. He was educated at the independent King's College School in Wimbledon and at Christ's College, Cambridge. He was previously director of the BBC World Service Group.
6. Mike Morgan, American baseball player and coach births
  1. Mike Morgan (baseball)
    
    Michael Thomas Morgan is a former right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball. He played for 12 different teams over 25 years, and is one of 29 players in baseball history to appear in Major League baseball games in four decades (1978–2002). Upon his retirement, Morgan held the major league record for most major league teams played for (12), but this record was surpassed by Octavio Dotel in 2012 and Edwin Jackson in 2018. Because of this, Morgan was nicknamed "The Nomad" by his teammates due to his constant travel from team to team.
7. Carlos I. Noriega, Peruvian-American colonel and astronaut births
  1. Carlos I. Noriega
    
    Carlos Ismael Noriega is a Peruvian-American NASA employee, a former NASA astronaut and a retired U.S. Marine Corps lieutenant colonel.
1958
1. Steve Coll, American journalist and author births
  1. Steve Coll
    
    Steve Coll is an American journalist, academic and executive.
2. Bret Lott, American journalist, author, and academic births
  1. Bret Lott
    
    Bret Lott is the New York Times author and professor of English at the College of Charleston. He is Crazyhorse magazine's nonfiction editor and leads a study abroad program every summer to Spoleto, Italy.
3. Ursula von der Leyen, Belgian-German physician and politician, Defense Minister of Germany births
  1. Ursula von der Leyen
    
    Ursula Gertrud von der Leyen is a German politician who has been serving as the president of the European Commission since 2019. She served in the German federal government between 2005 and 2019, holding successive positions in Angela Merkel's cabinet, most recently as minister of defence. Von der Leyen is a member of the centre-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and its EU counterpart, the European People's Party (EPP).
  2. List of German defence ministers
    
    The Federal Minister of Defence is the head of the Federal Ministry of Defence and a member of the Federal Cabinet.
4. Ruffin McNeill, American football player and coach births
  1. Ruffin McNeill
    
    Ruffin Horne McNeill Jr. is an American football coach and former player who currently serves as the special assistant to the head coach at NC State University. He previously served as the assistant head coach and outside linebackers coach at the University of Oklahoma and the assistant head coach and defensive line coach at the University of Virginia. McNeill also served as the head coach of the East Carolina Pirates from 2010 to 2015. Before being named head coach of the Pirates, McNeill served the Texas Tech Red Raiders as an interim head coach, assistant head coach, special teams coordinator, and linebackers coach. On December 28, 2009, he was named interim head coach of the Red Raiders following the suspension and later firing of head coach Mike Leach. He served in the position until the hiring of Tommy Tuberville, who subsequently released him as defensive coordinator.
5. Ran Bosilek, Bulgarian author and translator (b. 1886) deaths
  1. Ran Bosilek
    
    Ran Bosilek, born Gencho Stanchev Negentsov, was a Bulgarian author of children's books. Three years before his death, in 1955, he translated Astrid Lindgren's children's book "Karlsson-on-the-Roof" into Bulgarian.
1957
1. Antonio Cabrini, Italian footballer and manager births
  1. Antonio Cabrini
    
    Antonio Cabrini is an Italian professional football manager and a former player. He played left-back, mainly with Juventus. He won the 1982 FIFA World Cup with the Italy national team. Cabrini was nicknamed Bell'Antonio, because of his popularity as a charismatic and good-looking football player. On the field, he made a name for himself as one of Italy's greatest defenders ever, and is remembered in particular for forming one of the most formidable defensive units of all time with Italy and Juventus, alongside goalkeeper Dino Zoff, as well as defenders Claudio Gentile and Gaetano Scirea. Cabrini won the Best Young Player Award at the 1978 World Cup, after helping Italy manage a fourth-place finish, and also represented Italy at Euro 1980, once again finishing in fourth place. He is one of the few players to have won all UEFA Club competitions, an achievement he managed with Juventus. In 2021, he was inducted into the Italian Football Hall of Fame.
1956
1. Jeff Lahti, American baseball player births
  1. Jeff Lahti
    
    Jeffrey Allen Lahti is a former Major League Baseball pitcher. He is an alumnus of Portland State University.
2. Janice E. Voss, American engineer and astronaut (d. 2012) births
  1. Janice E. Voss
    
    Janice Elaine Voss was an American engineer and a NASA astronaut. Voss received her B.S. in engineering science from Purdue University, her M.S. in electrical engineering from MIT, and her PhD in aeronautics and astronautics from MIT. She flew in space five times, jointly holding the record for American women. Voss died in Arizona on February 6, 2012, from breast cancer.
1955
1. Bill Elliott, American race car driver births
  1. Bill Elliott
    
    William Clyde Elliott, also known as Awesome Bill from Dawsonville, Million Dollar Bill, or Wild Bill is an American former professional stock car racing driver. He competes full time in the Camping World Superstar Racing Experience. He won the 1988 Winston Cup Championship and garnered 44 wins in that series, including two Daytona 500 victories in 1985 and 1987, three Southern 500 victories in 1985, 1988, and 1994, one Winston 500 victory in 1985, one Brickyard 400 victory in 2002, one "The Winston All-Star Race" win in 1986, and a record four consecutive wins at Michigan International Speedway between 1985 and 1986.
2. Alain Ferté, French race car driver births
  1. Alain Ferté
    
    Alain Ferté is a professional racing driver. He is the elder brother of Michel Ferté, who is also a professional racing driver.
3. Darrell Hammond, American comedian and actor births
  1. Darrell Hammond
    
    Darrell Clayton Hammond is an American actor, stand-up comedian and impressionist. He was a regular cast member on Saturday Night Live from 1995 to 2009, and has been its announcer since 2014.
4. Paul Lennon, Australian politician, 42nd Premier of Tasmania births
  1. Paul Lennon
    
    Paul Anthony Lennon is a Labor Party politician. He was Premier of Tasmania from 21 March 2004 until his resignation on 26 May 2008. He was member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly for the seat of Franklin from 1990 until officially resigning on 27 May 2008. He left office abruptly after his preferred premier rating fell to 17%, largely as a result of perceptions of corruption in his government's fast-tracked approval of the Gunns Bell Bay Pulp Mill proposal, which had effectively bypassed normal planning procedure.
  2. Premier of Tasmania
    
    The premier of Tasmania is the head of the executive government in the Australian state of Tasmania. By convention, the leader of the party or political grouping which has majority support in the House of Assembly is invited by the governor of Tasmania to be premier and principal adviser.
5. Lonnie Pitchford, American singer and guitarist (d. 1998) births
  1. Lonnie Pitchford
    
    Lonnie Pitchford was an American blues musician and instrument maker from Lexington, Mississippi, United States. He was notable in that he was one of only a handful of young African American musicians from Mississippi who had learned and was continuing the Delta blues and country blues traditions of the older generations.
6. Iry LeJeune, American accordion player (b. 1928) deaths
  1. Iry LeJeune
    
    Ira "Iry" LeJeune was one of the best selling and most popular Cajun musicians in the mid to late 1940s into the early 1950s.
1954
1. Huub Rothengatter, Dutch race car driver and manager births
  1. Huub Rothengatter
    
    Hubertus (Huub) Rothengatter is a former racing driver from the Netherlands. He participated in 30 Formula One (F1) Grands Prix, debuting on 17 June 1984. He scored no championship points. He drove for Spirit, Osella and Zakspeed, and his drives all either started or became available midseason. He tried to get Dutch sponsors in various ways, such as by putting a one-page advertisement in De Telegraaf newspaper. Reputedly, when Niki Lauda was asked about him, he referred to him as "rattengott" – literally "God of the rats".
1953
1. Robert Saxton, English composer and educator births
  1. Robert Saxton
    
    Robert Saxton is a British composer.
2. Nigel Bruce, British actor (b. 1895) deaths
  1. Nigel Bruce
    
    William Nigel Ernle Bruce was a British character actor on stage and screen. He was best known for his portrayal of Dr. Watson in a series of films and in the radio series The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. Bruce is also remembered for his roles in the Alfred Hitchcock films Rebecca and Suspicion, as well as the Charlie Chaplin film Limelight.
3. Kathleen Ferrier, English soprano (b. 1912) deaths
  1. Kathleen Ferrier
    
    Kathleen Mary Ferrier, CBE was an English contralto singer who achieved an international reputation as a stage, concert and recording artist, with a repertoire extending from folksong and popular ballads to the classical works of Bach, Brahms, Mahler and Elgar. Her death from cancer, at the height of her fame, was a shock to the musical world and particularly to the general public, which was kept in ignorance of the nature of her illness until after her death.
1952
1. Takis Koroneos, Greek basketball player and coach births
  1. Takis Koroneos
    
    Panagiotis "Takis" Koroneos is a retired Greek professional basketball player and a professional basketball coach. He is also a former member of the Greece men's national basketball team. During his playing career, his nickname was, "The Galis Before Galis".
2. Jan Marijnissen, Dutch journalist and politician births
  1. Jan Marijnissen
    
    Johannes Guillaume Christianus Andreas "Jan" Marijnissen is a retired Dutch politician of the Socialist Party (SP).
3. Edward Zwick, American director, producer, and screenwriter births
  1. Edward Zwick
    
    Edward M. Zwick is an American filmmaker and producer of film and television. He has worked primarily in the comedy drama and epic historical film genres, including About Last Night, Glory, Legends of the Fall, and The Last Samurai. He is also the co-creator of the television series thirtysomething and Once and Again.
4. Joe Adams, American baseball player and manager (b. 1877) deaths
  1. Joe Adams (baseball)
    
    Joe Edward "Old Wagon Tongue" Adams was a Major League Baseball player and minor league manager. He was also known as "Old Wagon Tongue."
1951
1. Jack O'Connell, American educator and politician births
  1. Jack O'Connell (American politician)
    
    Jack T. O'Connell is an American politician, educator and formerly the 26th California State Superintendent of Public Instruction, having been elected to the post in November 2002 with 61% of the vote. He was re-elected to his post by receiving a majority (52%) of the vote in the Primary election on June 6, 2006, thus avoiding a November run-off. He is a member of the Democratic Party. O'Connell was unable to run for a third term in 2010 due to term limits and was succeeded by former state assemblyman Tom Torlakson.
2. Timo Salonen, Finnish race car driver births
  1. Timo Salonen
    
    Timo Salonen is a Finnish former rally driver who won the 1985 World Rally Championship season for Peugeot. It was commented of him that he stood out from other drivers, because he was overweight, wore thick glasses and smoked heavily, but still remained one of the fastest and most competitive drivers in the sport. He was also known for his relaxed attitude and for his habit of steering his rally car with one hand only. These factors led to the nickname Löysä ("Slack"). With his 7 rally wins he remained the most successful driver of Group B era (1983–1986) of WRC.
3. Shannon C. Stimson, American philosopher, historian, and theorist births
  1. Shannon C. Stimson
    
    Shannon C. Stimson is an American political theorist and historian of ideas, whose more recent work and teaching spans the economic and political thought of the early modern period through the nineteenth century. She is the Thomas and Dorothy Leavey Chair in the Government department at Georgetown University. Her academic posts have included appointments at Harvard University (1984-1991), UC Berkeley (1991-2014), the Fulbright Professorship in the United Kingdom, the Christensen Fellowship of St. Catherine's College, Oxford, the John K. Castle Chair in Ethics, Politics and Economics at Yale University and she has been a Distinguished Academic Visitor at Queens' College, Cambridge on two occasions. Her research has been supported through fellowships from the Mellon Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the American Association of University Women, as well as by several prize fellowships. Her articles have appeared in numerous edited volumes, journals of political thought, economics, the history of economic thought, and political science in America and Europe. She has served on the editorial boards of the American Political Science Review, the Adam Smith Review, and the Journal of Politics.
1950
1. Robert "Kool" Bell, American singer-songwriter and bass player births
  1. Robert "Kool" Bell
    
    Robert Earl "Kool" Bell, also known by his Muslim name Muhammad Bayyan, is an American musician, singer & songwriter.
2. Blake Morrison, English poet, author, and academic births
  1. Blake Morrison
    
    Philip Blake Morrison FRSL is an English poet and author who has published in a wide range of fiction and non-fiction genres. His greatest success came with the publication of his memoirs And When Did You Last See Your Father?, which won the J. R. Ackerley Prize for Autobiography. He has also written a study of the murder of James Bulger, As If. Since 2003, Morrison has been Professor of Creative and Life Writing at Goldsmiths College, University of London. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature.
1949
1. Hamish Stuart, Scottish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer births
  1. Hamish Stuart
    
    James Hamish Stuart is a British guitarist, bassist, singer, composer and record producer. He was an original member of the Average White Band.
2. Sigourney Weaver, American actress and producer births
  1. Sigourney Weaver
    
    Susan Alexandra "Sigourney" Weaver is an American actress. A figure in science fiction and popular culture, she has received various accolades, including a British Academy Film Award, two Golden Globe Awards, and a Grammy Award, in addition to nominations for three Academy Awards, four Primetime Emmy Awards, and a Tony Award. In 2003 she was voted Number 20 in Channel 4's countdown of the 100 Greatest Movie Stars of All Time, being one of only two women in the Top 20.
1948
1. Benjamin Cheever, American journalist and author births
  1. Benjamin Cheever
    
    Benjamin Hale Cheever is an American writer and editor. He is the son of Mary Winternitz and writer John Cheever and brother of Susan Cheever. To date, he has written four adult fiction novels, one children's book, and two nonfiction books.
2. Claude Jade, French actress (d. 2006) births
  1. Claude Jade
    
    Claude Marcelle Jorré, better known as Claude Jade, was a French actress. She starred as Christine in François Truffaut's three films Stolen Kisses (1968), Bed and Board (1970) and Love on the Run (1979). Jade acted in theatre, film and television. Her film work outside France included the Soviet Union, the United States, Italy, Belgium, Germany and Japan.
3. Johnny Ramone, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2004) births
  1. Johnny Ramone
    
    John William Cummings, better known by his stage name Johnny Ramone, was an American musician. He was the guitarist and a founding member of the Ramones, a band that helped pioneer the punk movement. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2002.
1947
1. Richard Morris, English archaeologist, historian, and author births
  1. Richard Morris (archaeologist)
    
    Richard Morris, OBE is an English archaeologist and historian who specialises in the study of churchyard and battlefield archaeology. Having been involved in the discipline since the early 1970s, he has worked at a number of British universities, including the University of Leeds and the University of Huddersfield, as well as publishing a series of books on the subject of archaeology. He has also held a number of significant positions within the British archaeological community. He was director of the Council for British Archaeology from 1991 to 1999, and was Commissioner of English Heritage.
2. Emiel Puttemans, Belgian runner births
  1. Emiel Puttemans
    
    Emiel Adrien "Miel" Puttemans is a retired middle- and long-distance runner, who set world records for 3000 metres in 1972, for 2 miles in 1971, and for 5000 metres in 1972. He won two European Indoor Championships titles in the 3000 m, in 1973 and 1974, and finished second in 1978.
3. Stephen Shore, American photographer and educator births
  1. Stephen Shore
    
    Stephen Shore is an American photographer known for his images of banal scenes and objects, and for his pioneering use of color in art photography. His books include Uncommon Places (1982) and American Surfaces (1999), photographs that he took on cross-country road trips in the 1970s.
4. Bill Zorn, folk musician births
  1. Bill Zorn
    
    William Zorn is an American folk music singer, banjo player, and guitarist who was a member of The New Christy Minstrels, The Limeliters, and The Kingston Trio, as well as lesser known groups The Windjammers and Arizona Smoke Review.
1946
1. Hanan Ashrawi, Palestinian scholar, activist, and politician births
  1. Hanan Ashrawi
    
    Hanan Daoud Mikhael Ashrawi is a Palestinian politician, legislator, activist, and scholar who served as a member of the Leadership Committee and as an official spokesperson of the Palestinian delegation to the Middle East peace process, beginning with the Madrid Peace Conference of 1991. In 1996, Ashrawi was appointed as the Palestinian Authority Minister of Higher Education and Research. Prior to that, she was Dean of the Faculty of Arts at Birzeit University and head of its Legal Aid Committee since the mid-1970s.
2. Jean-Jacques Beineix, French director and producer (d. 2022) births
  1. Jean-Jacques Beineix
    
    Jean-Jacques Beineix was a French film director best known for the films Diva and Betty Blue. His work is regarded as a prime example of the cinéma du look film movement in France.
3. Dennis Kucinich, American journalist and politician, 53rd Mayor of Cleveland births
  1. Dennis Kucinich
    
    Dennis John Kucinich is an American politician. A U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1997 to 2013, he was also a candidate for the Democratic nomination for president of the United States in 2004 and 2008. He ran for governor of Ohio in the 2018 election, losing in the primary to Richard Cordray.
  2. Mayor of Cleveland
    
    The mayor of Cleveland is the head of the executive branch of government of the City of Cleveland, Ohio. As the chief executive in Cleveland's mayor–council system, the mayor oversees all city services and is "responsible for enforcing the city charter, city ordinances, and the laws of the State of Ohio." The mayor's office is located at Cleveland City Hall at 601 Lakeside Avenue in Downtown Cleveland. Since 1836, the city has had a total of 54 mayors, including the city's current mayor, Justin Bibb, encompassing 58 mayoral administrations, as four mayors have served in non-consecutive terms.
4. Bel Mooney, English journalist and author births
  1. Bel Mooney
    
    Beryl Ann "Bel" Mooney is an English journalist and broadcaster. She currently writes a column for the Daily Mail, having previously written – mainly as a columnist – for other publications including the Daily Mirror, The Times (2005–07), The Sunday Times (1982–83) and The Listener.
5. Jon Ekerold, South African motorcycle racer births
  1. Jon Ekerold
    
    Jonathan "Jon" Ekerold is a South African former professional Grand Prix motorcycle road racer.
1945
1. Felix Salten, Austrian author and critic (b. 1869) deaths
  1. Felix Salten
    
    Felix Salten was an Austro-Hungarian author and literary critic in Vienna.
1944
1. Ed Kirkpatrick, American baseball player (d. 2010) births
  1. Ed Kirkpatrick
    
    Edgar Leon Kirkpatrick was an American professional baseball outfielder and catcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1962 through 1977 for the Los Angeles / California Angels, Kansas City Royals, Pittsburgh Pirates, Texas Rangers, and Milwaukee Brewers.
2. Susan Raye, American country music singer births
  1. Susan Raye
    
    Susan Raye is an American country music singer. She enjoyed great popularity during the early and mid-1970s, and chalked up seven top-10 and 19 top-40 country hits, most notably the song "L.A. International Airport", an international crossover pop hit in 1971.
3. Wendell Willkie, American captain, lawyer, and politician (b. 1892) deaths
  1. Wendell Willkie
    
    Wendell Lewis Willkie was an American lawyer, corporate executive and the 1940 Republican nominee for President. Willkie appealed to many convention delegates as the Republican field's only interventionist: although the U.S. remained neutral prior to Pearl Harbor, he favored greater U.S. involvement in World War II to support Britain and other Allies. His Democratic opponent, incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt, won the 1940 election with about 55% of the popular vote and took the electoral college vote by a wide margin.
1943
1. Chevy Chase, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter births
  1. Chevy Chase
    
    Cornelius Crane "Chevy" Chase is an American comedian, actor and writer. He started acting with National Lampoon. He became a key cast member in the first season of Saturday Night Live, where his recurring Weekend Update segment became a staple of the show. As both a performer and a writer, he earned three Primetime Emmy Awards out of five nominations and two Golden Globe Award nominations.
2. R. L. Stine, American author, screenwriter, and producer births
  1. R. L. Stine
    
    Robert Lawrence Stine, sometimes known as Jovial Bob Stine and Eric Affabee, is an American novelist, short story writer, television producer, screenwriter, and executive editor.
1942
1. Stanley Bates, English actor and screenwriter births
  1. Stanley Bates
    
    Stanley Kevin Bates is a British actor and screen writer most famously known for the role of Bungle, and as a scriptwriter, in the children's television programme, Rainbow between 1973 and 1989, series 2 to series 17. Other credits include roles in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1972), Theatre of Blood (1973) and The Tomorrow People.
2. Sergey Chaplygin, Russian physicist, mathematician, and engineer (b. 1869) deaths
  1. Sergey Chaplygin
    
    Sergey Alexeyevich Chaplygin was a Russian and Soviet physicist, mathematician, and mechanical engineer. He is known for mathematical formulas such as Chaplygin's equation and for a hypothetical substance in cosmology called Chaplygin gas, named after him.
1941
1. Jesse Jackson, American minister and activist births
  1. Jesse Jackson
    
    Jesse Louis Jackson is an American political activist, Baptist minister, and politician. He was a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1984 and 1988 and served as a shadow U.S. senator for the District of Columbia from 1991 to 1997.
2. Shane Stevens, American author (d. 2007) births
  1. Shane Stevens (author)
    
    Shane Craig Stevens was an American author of crime novels. His parents are John and Caroline (Royale) Stevens.
3. George Bellamy, English singer, guitarist, and producer births
  1. George Bellamy (musician)
    
    George Bellamy is an English musician, singer and former rhythm guitarist for The Tornados. He is the father of Matt Bellamy, frontman of British rock band Muse.
1940
1. Fred Cash, American soul singer births
  1. Fred Cash
    
    Fred Cash is an American soul singer. He was a member of The Impressions, a group in which he replaced Jerry Butler in 1960. As one of the group's longest-serving members, he is also a 1991 inductee into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame with The Impressions. In 2016 Cash along with The Impressions were inducted into the National Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame. Cash was an original member of the Roosters, the group that later evolved into The Impressions. After leaving the group for a time, he returned, replacing original member Jerry Butler. He continues to tour with the group. He can be seen with original Impressions members Sam Gooden and the late Curtis Mayfield in the group's first-ever extended interview in the 2008 DVD "Movin On Up- The Message and The Music of Curtis Mayfield & The Impressions".
1939
1. Paul Hogan, Australian actor, producer, and screenwriter births
  1. Paul Hogan
    
    Paul Hogan is an Australian actor and comedian. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for his performance as outback adventurer Michael "Crocodile" Dundee in Crocodile Dundee (1986), the first in the Crocodile Dundee film series.
2. Elvīra Ozoliņa, Latvian javelin thrower births
  1. Elvīra Ozoliņa
    
    Elvīra Anatoļjevna Ozoliņa is a retired Soviet javelin thrower. In 1960 she won gold medal with an Olympic Record of 55.98 m and was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour. Between 1960 and 1963 she set three world records. In 1964 she became the first woman to surpass 60 m, but this result was not ratified as a world record by IAAF. In the 1964 Olympic final she fouled her last four attempts and finished in a disappointing fifth place. Domestically she won the national title in 1959, 1961–62, 1964, 1966, and 1973.
3. Harvey Pekar, American author and critic (d. 2010) births
  1. Harvey Pekar
    
    Harvey Lawrence Pekar was an American underground comic book writer, music critic, and media personality, best known for his autobiographical American Splendor comic series. In 2003, the series inspired a well-received film adaptation of the same name.
4. Lynne Stewart, American lawyer and criminal (d. 2017) births
  1. Lynne Stewart
    
    Lynne Irene Stewart was an American defense attorney who was known for representing controversial, famous defendants. She herself was convicted on charges of conspiracy and providing material support to terrorists in 2005, and sentenced to 28 months in prison. Her felony conviction led to her being automatically disbarred. She was convicted of helping pass messages from her client Sheikh Omar Abdel-Rahman, an Egyptian cleric convicted of planning terror attacks, to his followers in al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya, an organization designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the United States Secretary of State.
1938
1. William Corlett, English author and playwright (d. 2005) births
  1. William Corlett
    
    William Corlett, was an English author, best known for his quartet of children's novels, The Magician's House, published between 1990 and 1992.
2. Walter Gretzky, Canadian ice hockey coach and author (d. 2021) births
  1. Walter Gretzky
    
    Walter Gretzky, was a Canadian philanthropist who was best known as the father of Canadian ice hockey icon Wayne Gretzky.
3. Fred Stolle, Australian-American tennis player and sportscaster births
  1. Fred Stolle
    
    Frederick Sydney Stolle, AO is an Australian former amateur world No. 1 tennis player and commentator. He was born in Hornsby, New South Wales, Australia. He is the father of former Australian Davis Cup player Sandon Stolle.
4. Bronislovas Lubys, Lithuanian businessman and politician, Prime Minister of Lithuania (d. 2011) births
  1. Bronislovas Lubys
    
    Bronislovas Lubys was a Lithuanian entrepreneur, former Prime Minister of Lithuania, signatory of the Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania, and businessman.
  2. Prime Minister of Lithuania
    
    The prime minister of Lithuania is the head of the government of Lithuania. The prime minister is Lithuania's head of government and is appointed by the president with the assent of the Lithuanian parliament, the Seimas. The modern office of prime minister was established in 1990, when Lithuania declared its independence, although the official title was "Chairperson of the Council of Ministers" until 25 November 1992.
1937
1. Merle Park, British ballerina and educator births
  1. Merle Park
    
    Dame Merle Park is a British ballet dancer and teacher, now retired. As a prima ballerina with the Royal Ballet during the 1960s and 1970s, she was known for "brilliance of execution and virtuoso technique" as well as for her ebullience and charm. Also admired for her dramatic abilities, she was praised as an actress who "textured her vivacity with emotional details."
2. Paul Schell, American lawyer and politician, 50th Mayor of Seattle (d. 2014) births
  1. Paul Schell
    
    Paul E. S. Schell was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 50th mayor of Seattle, Washington from 1998 to 2002.
  2. Mayor of Seattle
    
    The Mayor of Seattle is the head of the executive branch of the city government of Seattle, Washington. The mayor is authorized by the city charter to enforce laws enacted by the Seattle City Council, as well as direct subordinate officers in city departments.
1936
1. Rona Barrett, American journalist and businesswoman births
  1. Rona Barrett
    
    Rona Barrett is an American gossip columnist and businesswoman. She runs the Rona Barrett Foundation, a non-profit organization in Santa Ynez, California, dedicated to the aid and support of senior citizens in need.
2. Premchand, Indian author and screenwriter (b. 1880) deaths
  1. Premchand
    
    Dhanpat Rai Srivastava, better known by his pen name Premchand, was an Indian writer famous for his modern Hindustani literature. Premchand was a pioneer of Hindi and Urdu social fiction. He was one of the first authors to write about caste hierarchies and the plights of women and labourers prevalent in the society of late 1880s. He is one of the most celebrated writers of the Indian subcontinent, and is regarded as one of the foremost Hindi writers of the early twentieth century. His works include Godaan, Karmabhoomi, Gaban, Mansarovar, Idgah. He published his first collection of five short stories in 1907 in a book called Soz-e-Watan.
3. Red Ames, American baseball player and manager (b. 1882) deaths
  1. Red Ames
    
    Leon Kessling "Red" Ames was an American professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1903 to 1919 for the New York Giants, Cincinnati Reds, St. Louis Cardinals, and Philadelphia Phillies. Listed at 5 feet 10.5 inches (1.791 m) and 185 pounds (84 kg), he threw right-handed and was a switch hitter.
4. Ahmet Tevfik Pasha, Ottoman politician, 292nd Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1845) deaths
  1. Ahmet Tevfik Pasha
    
    Ahmet Tevfik Pasha, later Ahmet Tevfik Okday after the Turkish Surname Law of 1934, was an Ottoman statesman of Crimean Tatar origin. He was the last Grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire. He held the office three times, the first in 1909 under Sultan Abdul Hamid II, and from 1918 to 1919 and from 1920 to 1922 under Mehmed VI during the Allied occupation of Istanbul. In addition to his premiership, Ahmet Tevfik was also a diplomat, a member of the Ottoman Senate, and the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
  2. List of Ottoman grand viziers
    
    The grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire was the de facto prime minister of the sultan in the Ottoman Empire, with the absolute power of attorney and, in principle, removable only by the sultan himself in the classical period, before the Tanzimat reforms, or until the 1908 Revolution. He held the imperial seal and could summon all other viziers to attend to affairs of the state in the Imperial Council; the viziers in conference were called "kubbe viziers" in reference to their meeting place, the Kubbealtı ('under-the-dome') in Topkapı Palace. His offices were located at the Sublime Porte.
5. William Henry Stark, American businessman (b. 1851) deaths
  1. William Henry Stark
    
    William Henry Stark was an industrial leader whose contributions helped the city of Orange, Texas develop financially. Stark was the president of the Lutcher Moore Cypress Lumber Company of Lutcher, Louisiana.
1935
1. Albert Roux, French-English chef (d. 2021) births
  1. Albert Roux
    
    Albert Henri Roux was a French-British restaurateur and chef. He and his brother Michel operated Le Gavroche in London's Mayfair, the first restaurant in the UK to gain three Michelin stars. He helped train a series of chefs that went on to win Michelin stars, and his son, Michel Roux, Jr., continues to run Le Gavroche.
1934
1. Kader Asmal, South African academic and politician (d. 2011) births
  1. Kader Asmal
    
    Abdul Kader Asmal was a South African politician. He was a professor of human rights at the University of the Western Cape, chairman of the council of the University of the North and vice-president of the African Association of International Law. He was married to Louise Parkinson and had two sons.
2. Gerry Hitchens, English footballer and manager (d. 1983) births
  1. Gerry Hitchens
    
    Gerald Archibald Hitchens was an English footballer who played as a centre forward.
3. James Holshouser, American lawyer and politician, 68th Governor of North Carolina (d. 2013) births
  1. James Holshouser
    
    James Eubert Holshouser Jr. was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 68th Governor of North Carolina from 1973 to 1977. He was the first Republican candidate to be elected as governor of the state since 1896. Born in Boone, North Carolina, Holshouser initially sought to become a sports journalist before deciding to pursue a law degree. While in law school he developed an interest in politics and in 1962 he was elected to the North Carolina House of Representatives where he focused on restructuring government and higher education institutions, and drug abuse legislation. Made chairman of the North Carolina Republican Party in March 1966, he established the organization's first permanent staff and gained prominence by opposing a cigarette tax.
  2. Governor of North Carolina
    
    The governor of North Carolina is the head of government of the U.S. state of North Carolina. The governor directs the executive branch of the government and is the commander in chief of the military forces of the state. The current governor, Democrat Roy Cooper took office on January 1, 2017, and had a public swearing-in ceremony on January 7, 2017.
1932
1. Ray Reardon, Welsh snooker player and police officer births
  1. Ray Reardon
    
    Raymond Reardon is a Welsh retired professional snooker player. He turned professional in 1967 aged 35 and dominated the sport in the 1970s, winning the World Snooker Championship six times and more than a dozen other tournaments. Reardon was World Champion in 1970, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976 and 1978, and runner-up in 1982. He won the inaugural Pot Black tournament in 1969, the 1976 Masters and the 1982 Professional Players Tournament.
1931
1. Bill Brown, Scottish-Canadian footballer (d. 2004) births
  1. Bill Brown (footballer, born 1931)
    
    William Dallas Fyfe Brown was a Scottish football goalkeeper.
2. John Monash, Australian general and engineer (b. 1865) deaths
  1. John Monash
    
    General Sir John Monash, was an Australian civil engineer and military commander of the First World War. He commanded the 13th Infantry Brigade before the war and then, shortly after its outbreak, became commander of the 4th Brigade in Egypt, with whom he took part in the Gallipoli campaign. In July 1916 he took charge of the newly raised 3rd Division in northwestern France and in May 1918 became commander of the Australian Corps, at the time the largest corps on the Western Front. Monash is considered one of the best Allied generals of the First World War and the most famous commander in Australian history.
1930
1. Pepper Adams, American saxophonist and composer (d. 1986) births
  1. Pepper Adams
    
    Park Frederick "Pepper" Adams III was an American jazz baritone saxophonist and composer. He composed 42 pieces, was the leader on eighteen albums spanning 28 years, and participated in 600 sessions as a sideman. He worked with an array of musicians, and had especially fruitful collaborations with trumpeter Donald Byrd and as a member of the Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Big Band.
2. Alasdair Milne, Indian-English director and producer (d. 2013) births
  1. Alasdair Milne
    
    Alasdair David Gordon Milne was a British television producer and executive. He had a long career at the BBC, where he was eventually promoted to Director-General, and was described by The Independent as "one of the most original and talented programme-makers to emerge during television's formative years".
3. Faith Ringgold, American painter and activist births
  1. Faith Ringgold
    
    Faith Ringgold is an American painter, writer, mixed media sculptor, and performance artist, best known for her narrative quilts.
4. Toru Takemitsu, Japanese composer and theorist (d. 1996) births
  1. Tōru Takemitsu
    
    Tōru Takemitsu was a Japanese composer and writer on aesthetics and music theory. Largely self-taught, Takemitsu was admired for the subtle manipulation of instrumental and orchestral timbre. He is known for combining elements of oriental and occidental philosophy and for fusing sound with silence and tradition with innovation.
1929
1. Betty Boothroyd, English academic and politician, British Speaker of the House of Commons births
  1. Betty Boothroyd
    
    Betty Boothroyd, Baroness Boothroyd is a British politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for West Bromwich and West Bromwich West from 1973 to 2000. From 1992 to 2000, she served as Speaker of the House of Commons. She is the only woman to have served as Speaker, and one of two living former Speakers of the British House of Commons. She sits, by tradition, as a Crossbench peer in the House of Lords.
  2. Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)
    
    The speaker of the House of Commons is the presiding officer of the House of Commons, the lower house and primary chamber of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The current speaker, Sir Lindsay Hoyle, was elected Speaker on 4 November 2019, following the retirement of John Bercow. Hoyle began his first full parliamentary term in the role on 17 December 2019, having been unanimously re-elected after the 2019 general election.
1928
1. Didi, Brazilian footballer and manager (d. 2001) births
  1. Didi (footballer, born 1928)
    
    Waldyr Pereira, also known as Didi, was a Brazilian footballer who played as a midfielder or as a forward. Considered by many to be the greatest central midfielder of all-time, he played in three FIFA World Cups, winning the latter two and was awarded the Golden Ball, given to the tournament's best player, for his performance at the 1958 competition.
2. M. Russell Ballard, American lieutenant and religious leader births
  1. M. Russell Ballard
    
    Melvin Russell Ballard Jr. is an American businessman and religious leader who is currently the Acting President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He has been a member of the church's Quorum of the Twelve Apostles since 1985. As a member of the Quorum of the Twelve, Ballard is accepted by church members as a prophet, seer, and revelator. Currently, he is the third most senior apostle in the church.
3. Neil Harvey, Australian cricketer births
  1. Neil Harvey
    
    Robert Neil Harvey is an Australian former cricketer who was a member of the Australian cricket team between 1948 and 1963, playing in 79 Test matches. He was the vice-captain of the team from 1957 until his retirement. An attacking left-handed batsman, sharp fielder and occasional off-spin bowler, Harvey was the senior batsman in the Australian team for much of the 1950s and was regarded by Wisden as the finest fielder of his era. Upon his retirement, Harvey was the second-most prolific Test run-scorer and century-maker for Australia.
4. Bill Maynard, English actor (d. 2018) births
  1. Bill Maynard
    
    Walter Frederick George Williams, better known by his stage name Bill Maynard, was an English comedian and actor. He began working in television in the 1950s, notably starring alongside Terry Scott in Great Scott - It's Maynard! (1955–56). In the 1970s and 1980s, he starred in the successful British sitcoms Oh No It's Selwyn Froggitt and The Gaffer and appeared in five films in the Carry On series. After a hiatus from television work in the late 1980s, Maynard starred as Claude Jeremiah Greengrass in the long-running television series Heartbeat from 1992 to 2000, reprising the character in the spin-off The Royal from 2002 to 2003.
5. Larry Semon, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1889) deaths
  1. Larry Semon
    
    Lawrence Semon was an American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter during the silent film era. In his day, Semon was considered a major movie comedian, but he is now remembered mainly for working with both Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy before they started working together.
1927
1. Jim Elliot, American missionary and translator (d. 1956) births
  1. Jim Elliot
    
    Philip James Elliot was an American Christian missionary and one of five people killed during Operation Auca, an attempt to evangelize the Huaorani people of Ecuador.
2. César Milstein, Argentinian-English biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2002) births
  1. César Milstein
    
    César Milstein, CH, FRS was an Argentine biochemist in the field of antibody research. Milstein shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1984 with Niels Kaj Jerne and Georges J. F. Köhler for developing the hybridoma technique for the production of monoclonal antibodies.
  2. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
    
    The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded yearly by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine. The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's 1895 will, are awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind". Nobel Prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace.
1926
1. Raaj Kumar, Indian police officer and actor (d. 1996) births
  1. Raaj Kumar
    
    Raaj Kumar was an Indian actor who worked in Hindi films. He appeared in the Oscar-nominated 1957 film Mother India and starred in over 70 Hindi films in a career that spanned over four decades.
1925
1. Álvaro Magaña, Salvadoran economist and politician, President of El Salvador (d. 2001) births
  1. Álvaro Magaña
    
    Álvaro Alfredo Magaña Borja was a Salvadoran lawyer, economist and politician who was the president of El Salvador from 1982 to 1984.
  2. President of El Salvador
    
    The president of El Salvador, officially known as the President of the Republic of El Salvador, is the head of state and head of government of El Salvador. He is also, by Constitutional Law, the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of El Salvador. The office was created in the Constitution of 1841. From 1821 until 1841, the head of state of El Salvador was styled simply as Head of State.
1924
1. Alphons Egli, Swiss lawyer and politician, 77th President of the Swiss Confederation (d. 2016) births
  1. Alphons Egli
    
    Alphons Egli was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council (1983–86). He was elected to the Federal Council of Switzerland on 8 December 1982 and handed over office on 31 December 1986. He was affiliated to the Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland. During his time in office he held the Federal Department of Home Affairs and was President of the Confederation in 1986. Egli was a citizen of Entlebuch and Lucerne. He died on 5 August 2016, aged 91.
  2. List of presidents of the Swiss Confederation
    
    Below is a list of presidents of the Swiss Confederation (1848–present). It presents the presiding member of the Swiss Federal Council, the country's seven-member executive.
2. Aloísio Lorscheider, Brazilian cardinal (d. 2007) births
  1. Aloísio Lorscheider
    
    Aloísio Leo Arlindo Lorscheider, O.F.M. was a prominent cardinal of the Catholic Church in Brazil during the 1970s and 1980s. He was renowned as an advocate of liberation theology in the 1970s and was seen by some observers as a serious candidate for the papacy in the two conclaves of 1978.
3. Thirunalloor Karunakaran, Indian poet and scholar (d. 2006) births
  1. Thirunalloor Karunakaran
    
    Thirunalloor Karunakaran was a poet, scholar, teacher and leftist intellectual of Kerala, India.
4. John Nelder, English mathematician and statistician (d. 2010) births
  1. John Nelder
    
    John Ashworth Nelder was a British statistician known for his contributions to experimental design, analysis of variance, computational statistics, and statistical theory.
1922
1. Nils Liedholm, Swedish footballer, coach, and manager (d. 2007) births
  1. Nils Liedholm
    
    Nils Erik Liedholm was a Swedish football midfielder and coach. Il Barone, as he is affectionately known in Italy, was renowned for being part of the Swedish "Gre-No-Li" trio of strikers along with Gunnar Gren and Gunnar Nordahl at A.C. Milan and the Swedish national team, with which he achieved notable success throughout his career.
2. Herbert B. Leonard, American production manager and producer (d. 2006) births
  1. Herbert B. Leonard
    
    Herbert Breiter Leonard was an American producer and writer. Leonard was a production manager at Screen Gems for many years.
1921
1. Abraham Sarmiento, Filipino lawyer and jurist (d. 2010) births
  1. Abraham Sarmiento
    
    Abraham F. Sarmiento Sr. was a Filipino jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines from 1987 to 1991. An active figure in the political opposition against the martial law government of President Ferdinand Marcos, he was appointed to the Court by Marcos' successor, President Corazon Aquino.
1920
1. Frank Herbert, American journalist, photographer, and author (d. 1986) births
  1. Frank Herbert
    
    Franklin Patrick "Frank" Herbert Jr. was an American science fiction author best known for the 1965 novel Dune and its five sequels. Though he became famous for his novels, he also wrote short stories and worked as a newspaper journalist, photographer, book reviewer, ecological consultant, and lecturer.
1919
1. Jack McGrath, American race car driver (d. 1955) births
  1. Jack McGrath (racing driver)
    
    John James McGrath was an American racecar driver. McGrath died in an accident at Bobby Ball Memorial, he lost control of his car at Turn 3, crashed and flipped, dying instantly.
2. Kiichi Miyazawa, Japanese politician, 78th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2007) births
  1. Kiichi Miyazawa
    
    Kiichi Miyazawa was a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1991 to 1993. He was a member of the National Diet of Japan for over 50 years.
  2. Prime Minister of Japan
    
    The prime minister of Japan is the head of government of Japan. The prime minister chairs the Cabinet of Japan and has the ability to select and dismiss its Ministers of State. The prime minister also serves as the civilian commander-in-chief of the Japan Self Defence Forces and as a sitting member of the House of Representatives. The individual is appointed by the emperor of Japan after being nominated by the National Diet and must retain the nomination of the lower house and answer to parliament to remain in office.
1918
1. Halfdan Hegtun, Norwegian radio host and politician (d. 2012) births
  1. Halfdan Hegtun
    
    Halfdan Hegtun was a Norwegian radio personality, comedian and writer, former politician for the Liberal Party and later the Liberal People's Party.
2. Jens Christian Skou, Danish chemist and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2018) births
  1. Jens Christian Skou
    
    Jens Christian Skou was a Danish biochemist and Nobel laureate.
  2. Nobel Prize in Chemistry
    
    The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895, awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. This award is administered by the Nobel Foundation, and awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on proposal of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry which consists of five members elected by the Academy. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death.
1917
1. Billy Conn, American boxer (d. 1993) births
  1. Billy Conn
    
    William David Conn was an Irish American professional boxer and Light Heavyweight Champion famed for his fights with Joe Louis. He had a professional boxing record of 63 wins, 11 losses and 1 draw, with 14 wins by knockout. His nickname, throughout most of his career, was "The Pittsburgh Kid." He was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in the inaugural class of 1990.
2. Walter Lord, American historian and author (d. 2002) births
  1. Walter Lord
    
    John Walter Lord Jr. was an American author, lawyer, copywriter and popular historian best known for his 1955 account of the sinking of the RMS Titanic, A Night to Remember.
3. Danny Murtaugh, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1976) births
  1. Danny Murtaugh
    
    Daniel Edward Murtaugh was an American second baseman, manager, front-office executive, and coach in Major League Baseball (MLB). Murtaugh is best known for his 29-year association with the Pittsburgh Pirates, with whom he won two World Series as field manager. He also played 416 of his 767 career MLB games with the Pirates as their second baseman.
4. Rodney Robert Porter, English biochemist and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1985) births
  1. Rodney Robert Porter
    
    Prof Rodney Robert Porter, CH, FRS FRSE HFRCP was a British biochemist and Nobel laureate.
  2. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
    
    The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded yearly by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine. The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's 1895 will, are awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind". Nobel Prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace.
1913
1. Robert R. Gilruth, American pilot and engineer (d. 2000) births
  1. Robert R. Gilruth
    
    Robert Rowe Gilruth was an American aerospace engineer and an aviation/space pioneer who was the first director of NASA's Manned Spacecraft Center, later renamed the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center.
2. Marios Makrionitis, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Athens (d. 1959) births
  1. Marios Makrionitis
    
    Marios Makrionitis, SJ was a Greek Jesuit prelate of the Catholic Church. He served as the Archbishop of Athens from 1953 until 1959, when he died from injuries caused by an automobile accident.
1910
1. Kirk Alyn, American actor (d. 1999) births
  1. Kirk Alyn
    
    Kirk Alyn was an American actor, best known for being the first actor to play the DC Comics character Superman in live-action for the 1948 movie serial Superman and its 1950 sequel Atom Man vs. Superman, as well as fellow DC Comics characters Blackhawk from the Blackhawk movie serial in 1952, and Lois Lane's father Sam Lane in 1978's Superman: The Movie.
2. Paulette Dubost, French actress (d. 2011) births
  1. Paulette Dubost
    
    Paulette Dubost was a French actress who began her career at the age of 7 at the Paris Opera.
3. Gus Hall, American soldier and politician (d. 2000) births
  1. Gus Hall
    
    Gus Hall was the General Secretary of the Communist Party USA (CPUSA) and a perennial candidate for president of the United States. He was the Communist Party nominee in the 1972, 1976, 1980, and 1984 presidential elections. As a labor leader, Hall was closely associated with the so-called "Little Steel" Strike of 1937, an effort to unionize the nation's smaller, regional steel manufacturers. During the Second Red Scare, Hall was indicted under the Smith Act and was sentenced to eight years in prison. After his release, Hall led the CPUSA for over 40 years, often taking an orthodox Marxist–Leninist stance.
4. Helmut Kallmeyer, German chemist and soldier (d. 2006) births
  1. Helmut Kallmeyer
    
    Helmut Kallmeyer was a German chemist in the era of National Socialism. He served as a consultant in Adolf Hitler's Chancellery for gasification methods. Later, he worked in the Technical Institute for the Detection of Crime. He was involved in Action T4, Nazi Germany's program to murder people with disabilities.
5. Ray Lewis, Canadian runner (d. 2003) births
  1. Ray Lewis (sprinter)
    
    Raymond Gray Lewis, CM was a Canadian track and field athlete, and the first Canadian-born black Olympic medalist.
1908
1. Ezekias Papaioannou, Greek-Cypriot politician (d. 1988) births
  1. Ezekias Papaioannou
    
    Ezekias Papaioannou was a Greek Cypriot communist politician and secretary general of the left-wing political party of AKEL.
1907
1. Richard Sharpe Shaver, American author and illustrator (d. 1975) births
  1. Richard Sharpe Shaver
    
    Richard Sharpe Shaver was an American writer and artist.
1904
1. Yves Giraud-Cabantous, French race car driver (d. 1973) births
  1. Yves Giraud-Cabantous
    
    Marius Aristide Yves Giraud-Cabantous was a racing driver from France. He drove in Formula One from 1950 to 1953, participating in 13 World Championship Grands Prix, plus numerous non-Championship Formula One and Formula Two races.
1903
1. Georgy Geshev, Bulgarian chess player (d. 1937) births
  1. Georgy Geshev
    
    Georgy (Georgi) Geshev (Geschew) was a Bulgarian chess master.
1901
1. Eivind Groven, Norwegian composer and theorist (d. 1977) births
  1. Eivind Groven
    
    Eivind Groven was a Norwegian composer and music-theorist. He was from traditional region of Vest-Telemark and had a background in the folk music of the area.
2. Mark Oliphant, Australian physicist, humanitarian and politician, Governor of South Australia (d. 2000) births
  1. Mark Oliphant
    
    Sir Marcus Laurence Elwin Oliphant, was an Australian physicist and humanitarian who played an important role in the first experimental demonstration of nuclear fusion and in the development of nuclear weapons.
  2. Governor of South Australia
    
    The governor of South Australia is the representative in South Australia of the Monarch of Australia, currently King Charles III. The governor performs the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as does the governor-general of Australia at the national level. In accordance with the conventions of the Westminster system of parliamentary government, the governor nearly always acts solely on the advice of the head of the elected government, the Premier of South Australia. Nevertheless, the governor retains the reserve powers of the Crown, and has the right to dismiss the Premier. As from June 2014, the Queen, upon the recommendation of the Premier, accorded all current, future and living former governors the title 'The Honourable' for life. The first six governors oversaw the colony from proclamation in 1836, until self-government and an elected Parliament of South Australia was granted in the year prior to the inaugural 1857 election.
1897
1. Rouben Mamoulian, Georgian-American director and screenwriter (d. 1987) births
  1. Rouben Mamoulian
    
    Rouben Zachary Mamoulian was an American film and theatre director.
2. Marcel Herrand, French actor (d. 1953) births
  1. Marcel Herrand
    
    Marcel Herrand was a French stage and film actor best remembered for his roles in swashbuckling or historical films.
3. Alexei Savrasov, Russian painter and academic (b. 1830) deaths
  1. Alexei Savrasov
    
    Alexei Kondratyevich Savrasov was a Russian landscape painter and creator of the lyrical landscape style.
1896
1. Julien Duvivier, French director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1967) births
  1. Julien Duvivier
    
    Julien Duvivier was a French film director and screenwriter. He was prominent in French cinema in the years 1930–1960. Amongst his most original films, chiefly notable are La Bandera, Pépé le Moko, Little World of Don Camillo, Panique, Voici le temps des assassins and Marianne de ma jeunesse.
1895
1. Zog I of Albania (d. 1961) births
  1. Zog I of Albania
    
    Zog I, born Ahmed Muhtar bey Zogolli, taking the name Ahmet Zogu in 1922, was the leader of Albania from 1922 to 1939. At age 27, he first served as Albania's youngest ever prime minister (1922–1924), then as president (1925–1928), and finally as king (1928–1939).
2. Juan Perón, Argentinian general and politician, 29th President of Argentina (d. 1974) births
  1. Juan Perón
    
    Juan Domingo Perón was an Argentine Army general and politician. After serving in several government positions, including Minister of Labour and Vice President of a military dictatorship, he was elected President of Argentina three times, serving from June 1946 to September 1955, when he was overthrown by the Revolución Libertadora, and then from October 1973 until his death in July 1974.
  2. President of Argentina
    
    The president of Argentina, officially known as the president of the Argentine Nation, is both head of state and head of government of Argentina. Under the national constitution, the president is also the chief executive of the federal government and commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
1893
1. Clarence Williams, American pianist and composer (d. 1965) births
  1. Clarence Williams (musician)
    
    Clarence Williams was an American jazz pianist, composer, promoter, vocalist, theatrical producer, and publisher.
1892
1. Marina Tsvetaeva, Russian poet and author (d. 1941) births
  1. Marina Tsvetaeva
    
    Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva was a Russian poet. Her work is considered among some of the greatest in twentieth century Russian literature. She lived through and wrote of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Moscow famine that followed it. In an attempt to save her daughter Irina from starvation, she placed her in a state orphanage in 1919, where she died of hunger. Tsvetaeva left Russia in 1922 and lived with her family in increasing poverty in Paris, Berlin and Prague before returning to Moscow in 1939. Her husband Sergei Efron and their daughter Ariadna (Alya) were arrested on espionage charges in 1941; her husband was executed. Tsvetaeva committed suicide in 1941. As a lyrical poet, her passion and daring linguistic experimentation mark her as a striking chronicler of her times and the depths of the human condition.
1890
1. Snuffy Browne, Barbadian cricketer (d. 1964) births
  1. Snuffy Browne
    
    Cyril Rutherford "Snuffy" Browne was a West Indian Test cricketer who was a member of the first West Indies Test cricket team, playing against England in 1928.
2. Eddie Rickenbacker, American soldier and pilot, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1973) births
  1. Eddie Rickenbacker
    
    Edward Vernon Rickenbacker or Eddie Rickenbacker was an American fighter pilot in World War I and a Medal of Honor recipient. With 26 aerial victories, he was the most successful and most decorated United States flying ace of the war. He was also a race car driver, an automotive designer, and a long-time head of Eastern Air Lines.
  2. Medal of Honor
    
    The Medal of Honor (MOH) is the United States Armed Forces' highest military decoration and is awarded to recognize American soldiers, sailors, marines, airmen, guardians and coast guardsmen who have distinguished themselves by acts of valor. The medal is normally awarded by the president of the United States, but as it is presented "in the name of the United States Congress", it is sometimes erroneously referred to as the "Congressional Medal of Honor".
3. Philippe Thys, Belgian cyclist (d. 1971) births
  1. Philippe Thys
    
    Philippe Thys was a Belgian cyclist and three times winner of the Tour de France.
1889
1. R. Fraser Armstrong, Canadian engineer (d. 1983) births
  1. R. Fraser Armstrong
    
    Roy Fraser Armstrong was a Canadian hospital administrator and engineer who served as the Superintendent of Kingston General Hospital from 1925 to 1957.
2. Collett E. Woolman, American businessman, co-founded Delta Air Lines (d. 1966) births
  1. Collett E. Woolman
    
    Collett Everman Woolman, commonly known as "Wooly" to his employees, was an airline entrepreneur who led Delta Air Lines from its beginnings as a small, pioneering crop-dusting company to the Jet Age.
  2. Delta Air Lines
    
    Delta Air Lines, Inc., typically referred to as Delta, is one of the major airlines of the United States and a legacy carrier. One of the world's oldest airlines in operation, Delta is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. The airline, along with its subsidiaries and regional affiliates, including Delta Connection, operates over 5,400 flights daily and serves 325 destinations in 52 countries on six continents. Delta is a founding member of the SkyTeam airline alliance.
1888
1. Ernst Kretschmer, German psychiatrist and author (d. 1964) births
  1. Ernst Kretschmer
    
    Ernst Kretschmer was a German psychiatrist who researched the human constitution and established a typology.
1887
1. Ping Bodie, American baseball player (d. 1961) births
  1. Ping Bodie
    
    Frank Stephen "Ping" Bodie, born Francesco Stephano Pezzolo, was a center fielder in Major League Baseball who played for the Chicago White Sox (1911–1914), Philadelphia Athletics (1917) and New York Yankees (1919–1921). Bodie batted and threw right-handed. He was born in San Francisco.
2. Donie Bush, American baseball player, manager, and team owner (d. 1972) births
  1. Donie Bush
    
    Owen Joseph "Donie" Bush was an American professional baseball player, manager, team owner, and scout. He was active in professional baseball from 1905 until his death in 1972.
1886
1. Austin F. Pike, American lawyer and politician (b. 1819) deaths
  1. Austin F. Pike
    
    Austin Franklin Pike was a United States representative and Senator from New Hampshire. Born in Hebron, New Hampshire, he pursued an academic course, studied law, and was admitted to the bar of Merrimack County in 1845. He was a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives from 1850 to 1852 and in 1865–1866, and served as speaker during the last two years. He was a member of the New Hampshire Senate in 1857–1858, serving as president the last year.
1884
1. Walther von Reichenau, German field marshal (d. 1942) births
  1. Walter von Reichenau
    
    Walter Karl Ernst August von Reichenau was a field marshal in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II. Reichenau commanded the 6th Army, during the invasions of Belgium and France. During Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, he continued to command the 6th Army as part of Army Group South as it captured Ukraine and advanced deep into Russia.
1883
1. Dick Burnett, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1977) births
  1. Dick Burnett (musician)
    
    Richard Daniel Burnett was an American folk musician and songwriter from Kentucky.
2. Otto Heinrich Warburg, German physiologist and physician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970) births
  1. Otto Heinrich Warburg
    
    Otto Heinrich Warburg, son of physicist Emil Warburg, was a German physiologist, medical doctor, and Nobel laureate. He served as an officer in the elite Uhlan during the First World War, and was awarded the Iron Cross for bravery. He was the sole recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1931. In total, he was nominated for the award 47 times over the course of his career.
  2. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
    
    The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded yearly by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine. The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's 1895 will, are awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind". Nobel Prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace.
1882
1. Harry McClintock, American singer-songwriter and poet (d. 1957) births
  1. Harry McClintock
    
    Harry Kirby McClintock, also known as "Haywire Mac", was an American railroad man, radio personality, actor, singer, songwriter, and poet, best known for his song "Big Rock Candy Mountain".
1879
1. Huntley Gordon, Canadian-American actor (d. 1956) births
  1. Huntley Gordon
    
    Huntley Ashworth Gordon was a Canadian actor who began his career in the Silent Film era.
2. Miguel Grau Seminario, Peruvian admiral (b. 1834) deaths
  1. Miguel Grau Seminario
    
    Miguel María Grau Seminario was the most renowned Peruvian naval officer and hero of the naval battle of Angamos during the War of the Pacific (1879–1884). He was known as el Caballero de los Mares for his kind and chivalrous treatment of defeated enemies and is esteemed by both Peruvians and Chileans. He is an iconic figure for the Peruvian Navy, and one of the most famous merchant marine and naval military leaders of the Americas.
1877
1. Hans Heysen, German-Australian painter (d. 1968) births
  1. Hans Heysen
    
    Sir Hans Heysen was a German-born Australian artist. He became a household name for his watercolours of monumental Australian gum trees. He is one of Australia's best known landscape painters. Heysen also produced images of men and animals toiling in the Australian bush, as well as groundbreaking depictions of arid landscapes in the Flinders Ranges. He won the Wynne Prize for landscape painting a record nine times.
1876
1. Frederick Montague, 1st Baron Amwell, English lieutenant and politician (d. 1966) births
  1. Fred Montague, 1st Baron Amwell
    
    Frederick Montague, 1st Baron Amwell, CBE was a British Labour Party politician.
1875
1. Laurence Doherty, English tennis player and golfer (d. 1919) births
  1. Laurence Doherty
    
    Hugh Laurence "Laurie" Doherty was a British tennis player and the younger brother of tennis player Reginald Doherty. He was a six-time Grand Slam champion and a double Olympic Gold medalist at the 1900 Summer Olympics in singles and doubles. In 1903 he became the first non-American player to win the U.S. National Championships.
1873
1. Ejnar Hertzsprung, Danish chemist and astronomer (d. 1967) births
  1. Ejnar Hertzsprung
    
    Ejnar Hertzsprung was a Danish chemist and astronomer.
2. Alexey Shchusev, Russian architect and academic, designed Lenin's Mausoleum (d. 1949) births
  1. Alexey Shchusev
    
    Alexey Victorovich Shchusev was a Russian and Soviet architect who was successful during three consecutive epochs of Russian architecture – Art Nouveau, Constructivism, and Stalinist architecture, being one of the few Russian architects to be celebrated under both the Romanovs and the communists, becoming the most decorated architect in terms of Stalin prizes awarded.
  2. Lenin's Mausoleum
    
    Lenin's Mausoleum, also known as Lenin's Tomb, situated on Red Square in the centre of Moscow, is a mausoleum that serves as the resting place of Soviet leader Vladimir Lenin. His preserved body has been on public display there since shortly after his death in 1924, with rare exceptions in wartime. Alexey Shchusev's granite structure incorporates some elements from ancient mausoleums, such as the Step Pyramid, the Tomb of Cyrus the Great and, to some degree, the Temple of the Inscriptions.
1872
1. Mary Engle Pennington, American bacteriological chemist and refrigeration engineer (d. 1952) births
  1. Mary Engle Pennington
    
    Mary Engle Pennington was an American bacteriological chemist and refrigeration engineer.
1870
1. Louis Vierne, French organist and composer (d. 1937) births
  1. Louis Vierne
    
    Louis Victor Jules Vierne was a French organist and composer. As the organist of Notre-Dame de Paris from 1900 until his death, he focused on organ music, including six organ symphonies and a Messe solennelle for choir and two organs. He toured Europe and the United States as a concert organist. His students included Nadia Boulanger and Maurice Duruflé.
1869
1. Franklin Pierce, American general, lawyer, and politician, 14th President of the United States (b. 1804) deaths
  1. Franklin Pierce
    
    Franklin Pierce was the 14th president of the United States, serving from 1853 to 1857. He was a northern Democrat who believed that the abolitionist movement was a fundamental threat to the nation's unity. He alienated anti-slavery groups by signing the Kansas–Nebraska Act and enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act. Conflict between North and South persisted until Southern states seceded and the American Civil War began in 1861.
  2. President of the United States
    
    The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces.
1864
1. Ozias Leduc, Canadian painter and educator (d. 1955) births
  1. Ozias Leduc
    
    Ozias Leduc is one of Quebec's early painters. He was born in Saint-Hilaire-de-Rouville. Leduc produced many portraits, still lifes and landscapes, as well as religious works.
1863
1. Edythe Chapman, American actress (d. 1948) births
  1. Edythe Chapman
    
    Edythe Chapman was an American stage and silent film actress.
1860
1. John D. Batten, British painter, printmaker and illustrator (d. 1932) births
  1. John D. Batten
    
    John Dickson Batten, born in Plymouth, Devon, was an English painter of figures in oils, tempera and fresco and a book illustrator and printmaker. He was an active member of the Society of Painters in Tempera, with his wife Mary Batten, a gilder.
1850
1. Henry Louis Le Châtelier, French chemist and academic (d. 1936) births
  1. Henry Louis Le Chatelier
    
    Henry Louis Le Chatelier was a French chemist of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He devised Le Chatelier's principle, used by chemists and chemical engineers to predict the effect a changing condition has on a system in chemical equilibrium.
1848
1. Pierre De Geyter, Belgian composer (d. 1932) births
  1. Pierre De Geyter
    
    Pierre Chrétien De Geyter was a Belgian socialist and a composer, known for writing the music of The Internationale.
1847
1. Rose Scott, Australian activist (d. 1925) births
  1. Rose Scott
    
    Rose Scott was an Australian women's rights activist who advocated for women's suffrage and universal suffrage in New South Wales at the turn-of-the twentieth century. She founded the Women's Political Education League in 1902 which campaigned successfully to raise the age of consent to sixteen.
1845
1. Salomon Kalischer, German pianist, composer, and physicist (d. 1924) births
  1. Salomon Kalischer
    
    Salomon Kalischer, or Solomon Kalischer, was a German Jewish composer, pianist, and physicist.
1834
1. Walter Kittredge, American violinist and composer (d. 1905) births
  1. Walter Kittredge
    
    Walter Kittredge, was a famous musician during the American Civil War.
2. François-Adrien Boieldieu, French composer (b. 1775) deaths
  1. François-Adrien Boieldieu
    
    François-Adrien Boieldieu was a French composer, mainly of operas, often called "the French Mozart". His date of birth was also cited as December 15 by his biographer and writer Lucien Augé de Lassus and as September 15 by some local press releases.
1821
1. Juan O'Donojú, last Spanish ruler of Mexico (b. 1762) deaths
  1. Juan O'Donojú
    
    Juan de O'Donojú y O'Ryan was a Spanish-Irish military officer, diplomat and "Jefe Político Superior" ("viceroy") of New Spain from 21 July 1821 to 28 September 1821 during the Mexican War of Independence. He was the last Spanish viceroy of New Spain.
1818
1. John Henninger Reagan, American judge and politician, 3rd Confederate States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1905) births
  1. John Henninger Reagan
    
    John Henninger Reagan was an American politician from Texas. A Democrat, Reagan resigned from the U.S. House of Representatives when Texas seceded from the Union and joined the Confederate States of America. He served in the cabinet of Jefferson Davis as Postmaster General.
  2. Confederate States Secretary of the Treasury
    
    The Confederate States Secretary of the Treasury was the head of the Confederate States Department of the Treasury. Three men served in this post throughout the Confederacy's brief existence from 1861 to 1865.
1809
1. James Elphinston, Scottish orthographer, phonologist, and linguist (b. 1721) deaths
  1. James Elphinston
    
    James Elphinston was a well noted 18th-century Scottish educator, orthographer, phonologist and linguistics expert.
1807
1. Harriet Taylor Mill, English philosopher and activist (d. 1858) births
  1. Harriet Taylor Mill
    
    Harriet Taylor Mill was a British philosopher and women's rights advocate. Her extant corpus of writing can be found in The Complete Works of Harriet Taylor Mill. Several pieces can also be found in The Collected Works of John Stuart Mill, especially volume XXI.
1804
1. Thomas Cochran, Canadian lawyer and judge (b. 1777) deaths
  1. Thomas Cochran (judge)
    
    Thomas Cochran was a Nova Scotia lawyer and judge in Prince Edward Island and Upper Canada.
1802
1. Emmanuele Vitale, Maltese general and politician (b. 1758) deaths
  1. Emmanuele Vitale
    
    Emmanuele Vitale was a Maltese notary, commander and statesman. During the Siege of Malta, he commanded 10,000 irregular Maltese soldiers.
1795
1. Andrew Kippis, English minister and author (b. 1725) deaths
  1. Andrew Kippis
    
    Andrew Kippis was an English nonconformist clergyman and biographer.
1793
1. John Hancock, American merchant and politician, 1st Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1737) deaths
  1. John Hancock
    
    John Hancock was an American Founding Father, merchant, statesman, and prominent Patriot of the American Revolution. He served as president of the Second Continental Congress and was the first and third Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. He is remembered for his large and stylish signature on the United States Declaration of Independence, so much so that the term John Hancock or Hancock has become a nickname in the United States for one's signature. He also signed the Articles of Confederation, and used his influence to ensure that Massachusetts ratified the United States Constitution in 1788.
  2. Governor of Massachusetts
    
    The governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is the chief executive officer of the government of Massachusetts. The governor is the head of the state cabinet and the commander-in-chief of the commonwealth's military forces.
1789
1. John Ruggles, American lawyer and politician (d. 1874) births
  1. John Ruggles
    
    John Ruggles was an American politician from the U.S. state of Maine. He served in several important state legislative and judicial positions before serving in the U.S. Senate.
2. William John Swainson, English-New Zealand ornithologist and entomologist (d. 1855) births
  1. William John Swainson
    
    William John Swainson FLS, FRS, was an English ornithologist, malacologist, conchologist, entomologist and artist.
1772
1. Jean-Joseph de Mondonville, French violinist and composer (b. 1711) deaths
  1. Jean-Joseph de Mondonville
    
    Jean-Joseph de Mondonville, also known as Jean-Joseph Cassanéa de Mondonville, was a French violinist and composer. He was a younger contemporary of Jean-Philippe Rameau and enjoyed great success in his day. Pierre-Louis Daquin claimed, "If I couldn't be Rameau, there's no one I would rather be than Mondonville".
1765
1. Harman Blennerhassett, English-Irish lawyer and politician (d. 1831) births
  1. Harman Blennerhassett
    
    Harman Blennerhassett was an Anglo-Irish lawyer, a member of the Society of United Irishmen who emigrated in advance of their rebellion in 1798 to become a socially and politically distinguished plantation owner in western Virginia. Implicated in the Burr conspiracy, an alleged military plot with Britain to separate Louisiana territory from the American union, he was twice arrested and financially ruined. His last years were spent in England.
1754
1. Henry Fielding, English novelist and playwright (b. 1707) deaths
  1. Henry Fielding
    
    Henry Fielding was an English novelist, irony writer, and dramatist known for earthy humour and satire. His comic novel Tom Jones is still widely appreciated. He and Samuel Richardson are seen as founders of the traditional English novel. He also holds a place in the history of law enforcement, having used his authority as a magistrate to found the Bow Street Runners, London's first intermittently funded, full-time police force.
1753
1. Princess Sophia Albertina of Sweden (d. 1829) births
  1. Sophia Albertina, Abbess of Quedlinburg
    
    Princess Sophia Albertina of Sweden was the last Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg Abbey, and as such reigned as vassal monarch of the Holy Roman Empire.
1747
1. Jean-François Rewbell, French lawyer and politician (d. 1807) births
  1. Jean-François Rewbell
    
    Jean-François Reubell or Rewbell was a French lawyer, diplomat, and politician of the Revolution.
1735
1. Yongzheng Emperor of China (b. 1678) deaths
  1. Yongzheng Emperor
    
    The Yongzheng Emperor, also known by his temple name Emperor Shizong of Qing, born Yinzhen, was the fourth Emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the third Qing emperor to rule over China proper. He reigned from 1722 to 1735. A hard-working ruler, the Yongzheng Emperor's main goal was to create an effective government at minimal expense. Like his father, the Kangxi Emperor, the Yongzheng Emperor used military force to preserve the dynasty's position.
1715
1. Michel Benoist, French scientist and missionary (d. 1774) births
  1. Michel Benoist
    
    Michel Benoist was a Jesuit scientist who served for thirty years in the court of the Qianlong Emperor during the Qing Dynasty, known for his architectural and landscape designs of the Old Summer Palace. Along with Giuseppe Castiglione, Benoist served as one of two Jesuit advisors to the Qianlong Emperor, and transformed parts of the Old Summer Palace into what historian Mark Elliott calls an "imitation of Versailles or Fontainebleau."
1713
1. Yechezkel Landau, Polish rabbi and author (d. 1793) births
  1. Yechezkel Landau
    
    Yechezkel ben Yehuda HaLevi Landau was an influential authority in halakha. He is best known for the work Noda Biyhudah, by which title he is also known.
1676
1. Benito Jerónimo Feijóo y Montenegro, Spanish monk and scholar (d. 1764) births
  1. Benito Jerónimo Feijóo y Montenegro
    
    Friar Benito Jerónimo Feijóo y Montenegro was a Spanish monk and scholar who led the Age of Enlightenment in Spain. He was an energetic popularizer noted for encouraging scientific and empirical thought in an effort to debunk myths and superstitions.
1659
1. Jean de Quen, French missionary, priest, and historian (b. 1603) deaths
  1. Jean de Quen
    
    Jean de Quen was a French Jesuit missionary, priest and historian. As head of Jesuit missions of New France, he founded the missions to Saguenay. In 1647, Jean de Quen was the first European to reach the shores of Piékouagami.
1656
1. John George I, Elector of Saxony (b. 1585) deaths
  1. John George I, Elector of Saxony
    
    John George I was Elector of Saxony from 1611 to 1656. He led Saxony through the Thirty Years' War, which dominated his 45 year reign.
1652
1. John Greaves, English mathematician and astronomer (b. 1602) deaths
  1. John Greaves
    
    John Greaves was an English mathematician, astronomer and antiquarian.
1647
1. Christen Sørensen Longomontanus, Danish astronomer and mathematician (b. 1562) deaths
  1. Christen Sørensen Longomontanus
    
    Christen Sørensen Longomontanus was a Danish astronomer.
1621
1. Antoine de Montchrestien, French soldier, playwright, and economist (b. 1575) deaths
  1. Antoine de Montchrestien
    
    Antoine de Montchrestien was a French soldier, dramatist, adventurer and economist.
1609
1. John Clarke, English physician (d. 1676) births
  1. John Clarke (Baptist minister)
    
    John Clarke was a physician, Baptist minister, co-founder of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, author of its influential charter, and a leading advocate of religious freedom in America.
1594
1. Ishikawa Goemon, ninja and thief of Japan (b. 1558) deaths
  1. Ishikawa Goemon
    
    Ishikawa Goemon was a legendary Japanese outlaw hero who stole gold and other valuables to give to the poor. He and his son were boiled alive in public after their failed assassination attempt on the Sengoku period warlord Toyotomi Hideyoshi. His legend lives on in contemporary Japanese popular culture, often giving him greatly exaggerated ninja skills.
1585
1. Heinrich Schütz, German organist and composer (d. 1672) births
  1. Heinrich Schütz
    
    Heinrich Schütz was a German early Baroque composer and organist, generally regarded as the most important German composer before Johann Sebastian Bach, as well as one of the most important composers of the 17th century. He is credited with bringing the Italian style to Germany and continuing its evolution from the Renaissance into the Early Baroque. Most of his surviving music was written for the Lutheran church, primarily for the Electoral Chapel in Dresden. He wrote what is traditionally considered the first German opera, Dafne, performed at Torgau in 1627, the music of which has since been lost, along with nearly all of his ceremonial and theatrical scores. Schütz was a prolific composer, with more than 500 surviving works.
1553
1. Jacques Auguste de Thou, French historian (d. 1617) births
  1. Jacques Auguste de Thou
    
    Jacques Auguste de Thou (Thuanus) was a French historian, book collector and president of the Parliament of Paris.
1551
1. Giulio Caccini, Italian composer (d. 1618) births
  1. Giulio Caccini
    
    Giulio Romolo Caccini was an Italian composer, teacher, singer, instrumentalist and writer of the late Renaissance and early Baroque eras. He was one of the founders of the genre of opera, and one of the most influential creators of the new Baroque style. He was also the father of the composer Francesca Caccini and the singer Settimia Caccini.
1515
1. Margaret Douglas, daughter of Archibald Douglas (d. 1578) births
  1. Margaret Douglas
    
    Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox, was the daughter of the Scottish queen dowager Margaret Tudor and her second husband Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus. In her youth she was high in the favour of her uncle, Henry VIII of England, but later incurred his anger for her unauthorised engagement to Lord Thomas Howard, who died in the Tower of London in 1537. In 1544, she married Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox. Her son Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, married Mary, Queen of Scots, and was the father of James VI and I.
1469
1. Filippo Lippi, artist (b. 1406) deaths
  1. Filippo Lippi
    
    Filippo Lippi, also known as Lippo Lippi, was an Italian painter of the Quattrocento and a Carmelite Priest.
1436
1. Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut (b. 1401) deaths
  1. Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut
    
    Jacqueline, of the House of Wittelsbach, was a noblewoman who ruled the counties of Holland, Zeeland and Hainaut in the Low Countries from 1417 to 1433. She was also Dauphine of France for a short time between 1415 and 1417 and Duchess of Gloucester in the 1420s, if her marriage to Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, is accepted as valid.
1361
1. John Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp deaths
  1. John Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp of Somerset
    
    John de Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp de Somerset was an English peer.
1354
1. Cola di Rienzo, Roman tribune (b. c.1313) deaths
  1. Cola di Rienzo
    
    Nicola Gabrini, commonly known as Cola di Rienzo or Rienzi, was an Italian politician and leader, who styled himself as the "tribune of the Roman people".
1317
1. Emperor Fushimi of Japan (b. 1265) deaths
  1. Emperor Fushimi
    
    Emperor Fushimi was the 92nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1287 through 1298.
1286
1. John I, Duke of Brittany (b. 1217) deaths
  1. John I, Duke of Brittany
    
    John I, known as John the Red due to the colour of his beard, was Duke of Brittany from 1221 to his death and 2nd Earl of Richmond in 1268.
1281
1. Princess Constance of Greater Poland (b. c.1245) deaths
  1. Constance of Greater Poland
    
    Constance of Greater Poland was a princess of Greater Poland, a member of the House of Piast, and by marriage a Margravine of Brandenburg–Stendal.
1150
1. Narapatisithu, king of Burma (d. 1211) births
  1. Narapatisithu
    
    Narapati Sithu was king of Pagan dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) from 1174 to 1211. He is considered the last important king of Pagan. His peaceful and prosperous reign gave rise to Burmese culture which finally emerged from the shadows of Mon and Pyu cultures. The Burman leadership of the kingdom was now unquestioned. The Pagan Empire reached its peak during his reign, and would decline gradually after his death.
976
1. Helen of Zadar, queen consort of the Kingdom of Croatia deaths
  1. Helen of Zadar
    
    Helen of Zadar, also known as Helen the Glorious, was the queen consort of the Kingdom of Croatia, as the wife of King Michael Krešimir II, from 946 to 969, a period which was marked by "peace, order and expeditious growth". She was the regent of Croatia after the death of her spouse during the minority of her son Stephen Držislav of Croatia, and ruled from 969 until 976.
  2. Queen consort
    
    A queen consort is the wife of a reigning king, and usually shares her spouse's social rank and status. She holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles and may be crowned and anointed, but historically she does not formally share the king's political and military powers, unless on occasion acting as regent.
  3. Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)
    
    The Kingdom of Croatia, or Croatian Kingdom, was a medieval kingdom in Southern Europe comprising most of what is today Croatia, as well as most of the modern-day Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Croatian Kingdom was ruled for part of its existence by ethnic dynasties, and the Kingdom existed as a sovereign state for nearly two centuries. Its existence was characterized by various conflicts and periods of peace or alliance with the Bulgarians, Byzantines, Hungarians, and competition with Venice for control over the eastern Adriatic coast. The goal of promoting the Croatian language in the religious service was initially introduced by the 10th century bishop Gregory of Nin, which resulted in a conflict with the Pope, later to be put down by him. In the second half of the 11th century Croatia managed to secure most coastal cities of Dalmatia with the collapse of Byzantine control over them. During this time the kingdom reached its peak under the rule of kings Peter Krešimir IV (1058–1074) and Demetrius Zvonimir (1075–1089).
951
1. Xiao Sagezhi, Chinese Khitan empress deaths
  1. Xiao Sagezhi
    
    Xiao Sagezhi, formally Empress Huaijie, was an empress of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China. She was one of the two empresses of Emperor Shizong, and was the mother of Emperor Jingzong.
923
1. Pilgrim I, archbishop of Salzburg deaths
  1. Pilgrim I (archbishop of Salzburg)
    
    Pilgrim I was a Bavarian nobleman and churchman. He served as the archbishop of Salzburg from 907 until his death and was in charge of the East Frankish royal chapel and chancery under Conrad I from 911 until 918.
  2. Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg
    
    The Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg was an ecclesiastical principality and state of the Holy Roman Empire. It comprised the secular territory ruled by the archbishops of Salzburg, as distinguished from the much larger Catholic diocese founded in 739 by Saint Boniface in the German stem duchy of Bavaria. The capital of the archbishopric was Salzburg, the former Roman city of Iuvavum.
705
1. Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, Muslim caliph (b. 646) deaths
  1. Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan
    
    Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan ibn al-Hakam was the fifth Umayyad caliph, ruling from April 685 until his death. A member of the first generation of born Muslims, his early life in Medina was occupied with pious pursuits. He held administrative and military posts under Caliph Mu'awiya I, founder of the Umayyad Caliphate, and his own father, Caliph Marwan I. By the time of Abd al-Malik's accession, Umayyad authority had collapsed across the Caliphate as a result of the Second Muslim Civil War and had been reconstituted in Syria and Egypt during his father's reign.
-319
1. Pyrrhus of Epirus (d. 272 BC) births
  1. Pyrrhus of Epirus
    
    Pyrrhus was a Greek king and statesman of the Hellenistic period. He was king of the Greek tribe of Molossians, of the royal Aeacid house, and later he became king of Epirus. He was one of the strongest opponents of early Rome, and had been regarded as one of the greatest generals of antiquity. Several of his victorious battles caused him unacceptably heavy losses, from which the term "Pyrrhic victory" was coined.

Holidays

Christian feast day: Evodus (or Yves)
1. Evodus
  
  Yves or Evodius, Lisoie, Yvoire, or Evodius, was an early bishop of Rouen. He is considered to be a saint by the Roman Catholic Church with a feast day celebrated on 8 October.
Christian feast day: Palatias and Laurentia
1. Palatias and Laurentia
  
  Palatias and Laurentia are martyrs venerated by the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches. According to tradition, Palatias or Palatia was an aristocratic Roman woman who was converted to Christianity by her wet nurse or slave Laurentia. They were executed for being Christians at Fermo, in present-day Italy, during the reign of Diocletian.
Christian feast day: Pelagia (Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches)
1. Pelagia
  
  Pelagia, distinguished as Pelagia of Antioch, Pelagia the Penitent, and Pelagia the Harlot, was a Christian saint and hermit in the 4th or 5th century. Her feast day was celebrated on 8 October, originally in common with Saints Pelagia the Virgin and Pelagia of Tarsus. Pelagia died as a result of extreme asceticism, which had emaciated her to the point she could no longer be recognized. According to Orthodox tradition, she was buried in her cell. Upon the discovery that the renowned monk had been a woman, the holy fathers tried to keep it a secret, but the gossip spread and her relics drew pilgrims from as far off as Jericho and the Jordan valley.
2. Eastern Orthodox Church
  
  The Eastern Orthodox Church, also called the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 220 million baptized members. It operates as a communion of autocephalous churches, each governed by its bishops via local synods. The church has no central doctrinal or governmental authority analogous to the head of the Roman Catholic Church—the Pope—but the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is recognized by them as primus inter pares, which may be explained as a representative of the church. As one of the oldest surviving religious institutions in the world, the Eastern Orthodox Church has played a prominent role in the history and culture of Eastern and Southeastern Europe. The Eastern Orthodox Church officially calls itself the Orthodox Catholic Church.
3. Catholic Church
  
  The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2019. As the world's oldest and largest continuously functioning international institution, it has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. The church consists of 24 sui iuris churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The bishopric of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small enclave of the Italian city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state.
Christian feast day: Reparata
1. Saint Reparata
  
  Reparata was a Catholic virgin and martyr of the 3rd century AD, of Caesarea, Roman Province of Palestine. Sources record her age as being from 11 to 20 years old, though Sainte-Réparate Cathedrale in Nice gives it as 15 years. She was arrested for her faith and tortured during the persecution of Roman Emperor Decius.
Christian feast day: San Ernesto, Che Guevara as a folk saint. (Bolivian campesinos)
1. Che Guevara in popular culture
  
  Appearances of Argentine Marxist revolutionary Che Guevara (1928–1967) in popular culture are common throughout the world. Although during his lifetime he was a highly politicized and controversial figure, in death his stylized image has been transformed into a worldwide emblem for an array of causes, representing a complex mesh of sometimes conflicting narratives. Che Guevara's image is viewed as everything from an inspirational icon of revolution, to a retro and vintage logo. Most commonly he is represented by a facial caricature originally by Irish artist Jim Fitzpatrick and based on Alberto Korda's famous 1960 photograph titled Guerrillero Heroico. The evocative simulacra abbreviation of the photographic portrait allowed for easy reproduction and instant recognizability across various uses. For many around the world, Che has become a generic symbol of the underdog, the idealist, the iconoclast, or the martyr. He has become, as author Michael Casey notes in Che's Afterlife: The Legacy of an Image, "the quintessential postmodern icon signifying anything to anyone and everything to everyone."
2. Che Guevara
  
  Ernesto "Che" Guevara was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary. A major figure of the Cuban Revolution, his stylized visage has become a ubiquitous countercultural symbol of rebellion and global insignia in popular culture.
3. Bolivia
  
  Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in western-central South America. It is bordered by Brazil to the north and east, Paraguay to the southeast, Argentina to the south, Chile to the southwest and Peru to the west. The seat of government and executive capital is La Paz, while the constitutional capital is Sucre. The largest city and principal industrial center is Santa Cruz de la Sierra, located on the Llanos Orientales, a mostly flat region in the east of the country.
4. Peasant
  
  A peasant is a pre-industrial agricultural laborer or a farmer with limited land-ownership, especially one living in the Middle Ages under feudalism and paying rent, tax, fees, or services to a landlord. In Europe, three classes of peasants existed: slave, serf, and free tenant. Peasants might hold title to land either in fee simple or by any of several forms of land tenure, among them socage, quit-rent, leasehold, and copyhold.
Christian feast day: Simeon (Gospel of Luke)
1. Simeon (Gospel of Luke)
  
  Simeon at the Temple is the "just and devout" man of Jerusalem who, according to Luke 2:25–35, met Mary, Joseph, and Jesus as they entered the Temple to fulfill the requirements of the Law of Moses on the 40th day from Jesus' birth, i. e. the presentation of Jesus at the Temple.
Christian feast day: Thaïs
1. Thaïs (saint)
  
  St. Thaïs of fourth-century Roman Alexandria and of the Egyptian desert was a repentant courtesan.
Christian feast day: William Dwight Porter Bliss and Richard T. Ely (Episcopal Church)
1. William Dwight Porter Bliss
  
  William Dwight Porter Bliss (1856–1926) was an American Episcopal priest and one of the most famous and influential Christian socialists at the turn of 20th century. As a devout churchman, organizer, public speaker and an editor of numerous publications for over 40 years, Bliss became a central figure for the entire Christian socialist movement.
2. Richard T. Ely
  
  Richard Theodore Ely was an American economist, author, and leader of the Progressive movement who called for more government intervention to reform what they perceived as the injustices of capitalism, especially regarding factory conditions, compulsory education, child labor, and labor unions.
3. Calendar of saints (Episcopal Church)
  
  The veneration of saints in the Episcopal Church is a continuation of an ancient tradition from the early Church which honors important and influential people of the Christian faith. The usage of the term saint is similar to Roman Catholic and Orthodox traditions. Episcopalians believe in the communion of saints in prayer and as such the Episcopal liturgical calendar accommodates feasts for saints.
Christian feast day: October 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
1. October 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  
  October 7 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - October 9
World Space Week (October 4–10)
1. World Space Week
  
  World Space Week (WSW) is an annual holiday observed from October 4 to 10 in over 95 nations throughout the world. World Space Week is officially defined as "an international celebration of science and technology, and their contribution to the betterment of the human condition". World Space week is organized every year by coordination of the World Space Week Association (WSWA) and the United Nations (UN).
Air Force Day (India)
1. Indian Air Force
  
  The Indian Air Force (IAF) is the air arm of the Indian Armed Forces. Its complement of personnel and aircraft assets ranks third amongst the air forces of the world. Its primary mission is to secure Indian airspace and to conduct aerial warfare during armed conflict. It was officially established on 8 October 1932 as an auxiliary air force of the British Empire which honoured India's aviation service during World War II with the prefix Royal. After India gained independence from United Kingdom in 1947, the name Royal Indian Air Force was kept and served in the name of Dominion of India. With the government's transition to a Republic in 1950, the prefix Royal was removed.
Arbor Day (Namibia)
1. Arbor Day
  
  Arbor Day is a secular day of observance in which individuals and groups are encouraged to plant trees. Today, many countries observe such a holiday. Though usually observed in the spring, the date varies, depending on climate and suitable planting season.
2. Namibia
  
  Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east. Although it does not border Zimbabwe, less than 200 metres of the Botswanan right bank of the Zambezi River separates the two countries. Namibia gained independence from South Africa on 21 March 1990, following the Namibian War of Independence. Its capital and largest city is Windhoek. Namibia is a member state of the United Nations (UN), the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the African Union (AU) and the Commonwealth of Nations.
Children's Day (Iran)
1. Children's Day
  
  Children's Day is a commemorative date celebrated annually in honor of children, whose date of observance varies by country. In 1925, International Children's Day was first proclaimed in Geneva during the World Conference on Child Welfare. Since 1950, it is celebrated on June 1 in most Communist and post-Communist countries. World Children's Day is celebrated on the 20th November to commemorate the Declaration of the Rights of the Child by the UN General Assembly on 20 November 1959. In some countries, it is Children's Week and not Children's Day.
2. Iran
  
  Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmenistan to the north, by Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, and by the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. It covers an area of 1.64 million square kilometres, making it the 17th-largest country. Iran has a population of 86 million, making it the 17th-most populous country in the world, and the second-largest in the Middle East. Its largest cities, in descending order, are the capital Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Karaj, Shiraz, and Tabriz.
Navy Day (Peru)
1. Peruvian Navy
  
  The Peruvian Navy is the branch of the Peruvian Armed Forces tasked with surveillance, patrol and defense on lakes, rivers and the Pacific Ocean up to 200 nautical miles from the Peruvian littoral. Additional missions include assistance in safeguarding internal security, conducting disaster relief operations and participating in international peacekeeping operations.
2. Peru
  
  Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has a population of 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At 1.28 million km2, Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America.

Important events in history on October 8 th

Events

Second Nagorno-Karabakh War

Azerbaijan

2020 Ghazanchetsots Cathedral shelling

Ghazanchetsots Cathedral

Shusha

2019 Baku protests

Baku

Extinction Rebellion

Leinster House

Republic of Ireland

Hurricane Matthew

Thomas Eric Duncan

Zaire ebolavirus

2005 Kashmir earthquake

Linate Airport

Milan

Scandinavian Airlines

Linate Airport disaster

Cessna Citation family

Linate Airport disaster

United States Department of Homeland Security

Oslo

Oslo Airport, Gardermoen

Oslo Airport, Fornebu

Brioni Agreement

First Intifada

Solidarity (Polish trade union)

Cats (musical)

Ken Warby

Franklin National Bank

Yom Kippur War

Spyros Markezinis

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn

Weather Underground

Days of Rage

Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War

Days of Rage

Marxism

Guerrilla warfare

Che Guevara

La Higuera

Che Guevara

Spiegel affair

Major League Baseball

Don Larsen

Don Larsen's perfect game

World Series

Don Larsen

World Series

Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash

Harrow & Wealdstone station

Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash

Battle of Crucifix Hill

Kallikratis executions

Battle of Rostov (1941)

World War II

Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany

KDKA (AM)

World War I

Meuse–Argonne offensive

Forest of Argonne

Alvin York

World War I

Alvin York

First Balkan War

Empress Myeongseong

Battle of Angamos

Great Chicago Fire

Illinois

Peshtigo fire

Wisconsin

Slash-and-burn

Cold front

Peshtigo fire

Great Chicago Fire

Great Michigan Fire

Battle of Perryville

American Civil War

Important events in history
on October 8 ^th