Important events in history
on October 10 ^th

Events

2022
1. Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig are jointly awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.
  1. Ben Bernanke
    
    Ben Shalom Bernanke is an American economist who served as the 14th chairman of the Federal Reserve from 2006 to 2014. After leaving the Fed, he was appointed a distinguished fellow at the Brookings Institution. During his tenure as chairman, Bernanke oversaw the Federal Reserve's response to the late-2000s financial crisis, for which he was named the 2009 Time Person of the Year. Before becoming Federal Reserve chairman, Bernanke was a tenured professor at Princeton University and chaired the department of economics there from 1996 to September 2002, when he went on public service leave. Bernanke was awarded the 2022 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, jointly with Douglas Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig, "for research on banks and financial crises", more specifically for his analysis of the Great Depression.
  2. Douglas Diamond
    
    Douglas Warren Diamond is an American economist. He is currently the Merton H. Miller Distinguished Service Professor of Finance at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, where he has taught since 1979. Diamond specializes in the study of financial intermediaries, financial crises, and liquidity. He is a former president of the American Finance Association (2003) and the Western Finance Association (2001-02).
  3. Philip H. Dybvig
    
    Philip Hallen Dybvig is an American economist. He is the Boatmen's Bancshares Professor of Banking and Finance at the Olin Business School of Washington University in St. Louis.
  4. 2022 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
    
    The 2022 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was divided equally between the American economists Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond, and Philip H. Dybvig "for research on banks and financial crises" on 10 October 2022. The award was established in 1968 by an endowment "in perpetuity" from Sweden's central bank, Sveriges Riksbank, to commemorate the bank's 300th anniversary. Laureates in the Memorial Prize in Economics are selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The Nobel Committee announced the reason behind their recognition, stating:"This year’s laureates in the Economic Sciences, Ben Bernanke, Douglas Diamond and Philip Dybvig, have significantly improved our understanding of the role of banks in the economy, particularly during financial crises. An important finding in their research is why avoiding bank collapses is vital."
  5. Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
    
    The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, officially the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, is an economics award administered by the Nobel Foundation.
2018
1. Hurricane Michael makes landfall in the Florida Panhandle as a catastrophic Category 5 hurricane. It kills 57 people in the United States, 45 in Florida, and causes an estimated $25.1 billion in damage.
  1. Hurricane Michael
    
    Hurricane Michael was a very powerful and destructive tropical cyclone that became the first Category 5 hurricane to make landfall in the contiguous United States since Andrew in 1992. It was the third-most intense Atlantic hurricane to make landfall in the contiguous United States in terms of pressure, behind the 1935 Labor Day hurricane and Hurricane Camille in 1969. Michael was the first Category 5 hurricane on record to impact the Florida Panhandle, the fourth-strongest landfalling hurricane in the contiguous United States, in terms of wind speed, and the most intense hurricane on record to strike the United States in the month of October.
  2. Florida Panhandle
    
    The Florida Panhandle is the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Florida; it is a salient roughly 200 miles (320 km) long and 50 to 100 miles wide, lying between Alabama on the north and the west, Georgia on the north, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. Its eastern boundary is arbitrarily defined. In terms of population, major communities include Tallahassee, Pensacola, and Panama City.
  3. Florida
    
    Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida and Cuba; it is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. Spanning 65,758 square miles (170,310 km2), Florida ranks 22nd in area among the 50 states, and with a population of over 21 million, is the third-most populous. The state capital is Tallahassee and the most populous city is Jacksonville. The Miami metropolitan area, with a population of almost 6.2 million, is the most populous urban area in Florida and the ninth-most populous in the United States; other urban conurbations with over one million people are Tampa Bay, Orlando, and Jacksonville.
2015
1. Twin bomb blasts in the Turkish capital Ankara kill 109 and injure 500+.
  1. 2015 Ankara bombings
    
    On 10 October 2015 at 10:04 local time (EEST) in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey, two bombs were detonated outside Ankara Central railway station. With a death toll of 109 civilians, the attack surpassed the 2013 Reyhanlı bombings as the deadliest terror attack in Turkish history. Another 500 people were injured. Censorship monitoring group Turkey Blocks identified nationwide slowing of social media services in the aftermath of the blasts, described by rights group Human Rights Watch as an "extrajudicial" measure to restrict independent media coverage of the incident.
2010
1. The Netherlands Antilles are dissolved as a country.
  1. Netherlands Antilles
    
    The Netherlands Antilles was a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The country consisted of several island territories located in the Caribbean Sea. The islands were also informally known as the Dutch Antilles. The country came into being in 1954 as the autonomous successor of the Dutch colony of Curaçao and Dependencies. The Antilles were dissolved in 2010. The Dutch colony of Surinam, although it was relatively close by on the continent of South America, did not become part of the Netherlands Antilles but became a separate autonomous country in 1954. All the island territories that belonged to the Netherlands Antilles remain part of the kingdom today, although the legal status of each differs. As a group they are still commonly called the Dutch Caribbean, regardless of their legal status. People from this former territory continue to be called Antilleans in the Netherlands.
2009
1. Armenia and Turkey sign the Zurich Protocols, intended to normalize relations. However, they are never ratified by either side.
  1. Armenia
    
    Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia. It is a part of the Caucasus region; and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, the Lachin corridor and Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan to the south. Yerevan is the capital, largest city and the financial center.
  2. Turkey
    
    Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. It shares borders with the Black Sea to the north; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq to the southeast; Syria and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest. Cyprus is located off the south coast. Turks form the vast majority of the nation's population and Kurds are the largest minority. Ankara is Turkey's capital, while Istanbul is its largest city and financial centre.
  3. Zurich Protocols
    
    The Zurich Protocols refer to two bilateral protocols signed in 2009 by Armenia and Turkey that envisioned starting the process of normalizing relations between the two countries. The Protocols included provisions for the establishment of formal diplomatic relations, the opening of the Turkish-Armenian border, and the establishment of a joint historical commission on the Armenian genocide issue. The agreement, which later proved to be ineffectual, had been brokered by the United States, Russia and France.
  4. Armenia–Turkey relations
    
    Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Turkey are officially non-existent and have historically been hostile. Whilst Turkey recognised Armenia shortly after the latter proclaimed independence in September 1991, the two countries have failed to establish diplomatic relations. In 1993, Turkey reacted to the war in Nagorno-Karabakh by closing its border with Armenia out of support for Azerbaijan.
2007
1. Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor becomes the first Malaysian in space on board Soyuz TMA-11.
  1. Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor
    
    Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor Al Masrie bin Sheikh Mustapha is the first Malaysian astronaut. He launched to the International Space Station aboard Soyuz TMA-11 with the Expedition 16 crew on 10 October 2007. Sheikh Muszaphar flew under an agreement with Russia through the Angkasawan program, and returned to Earth on 21 October 2007, aboard Soyuz TMA-10 with the Expedition 15 crew members, Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kotov.
  2. Soyuz TMA-11
    
    Soyuz TMA-11 was a human spaceflight mission using a Soyuz-TMA spacecraft to transport personnel to and from the International Space Station (ISS). The mission began at 13:22 UTC on October 10, 2007, when the spacecraft was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by a Soyuz FG launch vehicle. It brought to the station two members of the ISS Expedition 16 crew, as well as Sheikh Muszaphar, the first Malaysian in space. TMA-11 remained at the station as an escape craft, and returned safely to Earth on April 19, 2008, after it had been replaced by Soyuz TMA-12. Although the vehicle landed safely, it suffered a partial separation failure which caused a ballistic re-entry that in turn caused it to land 475 km from the intended landing point.
2002
1. Iraq War: The United States Congress approves the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002.
  1. Iraq War
    
    The Iraq War was a protracted armed conflict in Iraq from 2003 to 2011 that began with the invasion of Iraq by the United States–led coalition that overthrew the Iraqi government of Saddam Hussein. The conflict continued for much of the next decade as an insurgency emerged to oppose the coalition forces and the post-invasion Iraqi government. US troops were officially withdrawn in 2011. The United States became re-involved in 2014 at the head of a new coalition, and the insurgency and many dimensions of the armed conflict continue today. The invasion occurred as part of the George W. Bush administration's War on terror following the September 11 attacks, despite no connection between Iraq and the attacks.
  2. United States Congress
    
    The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. Senators and representatives are chosen through direct election, though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a governor's appointment. Congress has 535 voting members: 100 senators and 435 representatives. The vice president of the United States has a vote in the Senate only when senators are evenly divided. The House of Representatives has six non-voting members.
  3. Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002
    
    The Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002, informally known as the Iraq Resolution, is a joint resolution passed by the United States Congress in October 2002 as Public Law No. 107-243, authorizing the use of the United States Armed Forces against Saddam Hussein's Iraq government in what would be known as Operation Iraqi Freedom.
1998
1. A Lignes Aériennes Congolaises jetliner is shot down by rebels in Kindu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing 41 people.
  1. Lignes Aériennes Congolaises (1997–2003)
    
    Lignes Aériennes Congolaises (LAC) was the flag carrier of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It was established in 1997 to succeed the folded Air Zaire. Halting operations in 1999, it was reactivated for a short period in 2002, only to fold operations permanently in 2003.
  2. 1998 Lignes Aériennes Congolaises crash
    
    The 1998 Lignes Aériennes Congolaises crash refers to a non-scheduled domestic Kindu–Kinshasa passenger service that was shot down by rebel forces, just after takeoff from Kindu Airport, during climbout, on 10 October 1998. All 41 occupants of the aircraft perished in the incident.
  3. Kindu
    
    Kindu is a city in the Democratic Republic of Congo, the capital of Maniema province. It has a population of about 200,000 and is situated on the Lualaba River at an altitude of about 500 metres, and is about 400 km west of Bukavu.
  4. Democratic Republic of the Congo
    
    The Democratic Republic of the Congo, informally Congo-Kinshasa, DR Congo, the DRC, the DROC, or the Congo, and formerly and also colloquially Zaire, is a country in Central Africa. It is bordered to the northwest by the Republic of the Congo, to the north by the Central African Republic, to the northeast by South Sudan, to the east by Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi, and by Tanzania, to the south and southeast by Zambia, to the southwest by Angola, and to the west by the South Atlantic Ocean and the Cabinda exclave of Angola. By area, it is the second-largest country in Africa and the 11th-largest in the world. With a population of around 108 million, the Democratic Republic of the Congo is the most populous officially Francophone country in the world. The national capital and largest city is Kinshasa, which is also the nation's economic center.
1997
1. Austral Líneas Aéreas Flight 2553 crashes and explodes in Uruguay, killing 74.
  1. Austral Líneas Aéreas Flight 2553
    
    Austral Líneas Aéreas Flight 2553 was an Argentinian domestic scheduled Posadas–Buenos Aires service operated with a McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 that crashed on the lands of Estancia Magallanes, Nuevo Berlín, 32 kilometres away from Fray Bentos, Uruguay, on 10 October 1997. All 74 passengers and crew died upon impact. The accident remains the deadliest in Uruguayan history.
1992
1. After 20 years of construction, Vidyasagar Setu, the longest cable-stayed bridge in India, was opened, joining Kolkata and Howrah.
  1. Vidyasagar Setu
    
    Vidyasagar Setu, also known as the Second Hooghly Bridge, is a toll bridge over the Hooghly River in West Bengal, India, linking the cities of Kolkata and Howrah.
  2. Cable-stayed bridge
    
    A cable-stayed bridge has one or more towers, from which cables support the bridge deck. A distinctive feature are the cables or stays, which run directly from the tower to the deck, normally forming a fan-like pattern or a series of parallel lines. This is in contrast to the modern suspension bridge, where the cables supporting the deck are suspended vertically from the main cable, anchored at both ends of the bridge and running between the towers. The cable-stayed bridge is optimal for spans longer than cantilever bridges and shorter than suspension bridges. This is the range within which cantilever bridges would rapidly grow heavier, and suspension bridge cabling would be more costly.
  3. Kolkata
    
    Kolkata is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River 80 km (50 mi) west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, commercial, and financial hub of Eastern India and the main port of communication for North-East India. According to the 2011 Indian census, Kolkata is the seventh-most populous city in India, with a population of 45 lakh (4.5 million) residents within the city limits, and a population of over 1.41 crore (14.1 million) residents in the Kolkata Metropolitan Area. It is the third-most populous metropolitan area in India. In 2021, the Kolkata metropolitan area crossed 1.5 crore (15 million) registered voters. The Port of Kolkata is India's oldest operating port and its sole major riverine port. Kolkata is regarded as the cultural capital of India. Kolkata is the second largest Bengali-speaking city after Dhaka. It has the highest number of nobel laureates among all cities in India.
  4. Howrah
    
    Howrah is a city in the Indian state of West Bengal. Howrah is located on the western bank of the Hooghly River opposite its twin city of Kolkata. Administratively it lies within Howrah district, and is the headquarters of the Howrah Sadar subdivision. It is a part of the area covered by the Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority. Howrah is an important transportation hub and gateway to Kolkata and West Bengal.
1986
1. A 5.7 Mw  San Salvador earthquake shakes El Salvador, killing 1,500.
  1. 1986 San Salvador earthquake
    
    The 1986 San Salvador earthquake occurred at 11:49:26 local time on October 10 with a moment magnitude of 5.7 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The shock caused considerable damage to El Salvador's capital city of San Salvador and surrounding areas, including neighboring Honduras and Guatemala.
1985
1. US Navy aircraft intercept an Egyptian airliner carrying the perpetrators of the Achille Lauro hijacking, and force it to land in Italy.
  1. Achille Lauro hijacking
    
    The Achille Lauro hijacking took place on 7 October 1985, when the Italian ocean liner MS Achille Lauro was hijacked by four men representing the Palestine Liberation Front (PLF) off the coast of Egypt, as she was sailing from Alexandria to Ashdod, Israel. A 69-year-old Jewish American man in a wheelchair, Leon Klinghoffer, was murdered by the hijackers and thrown overboard. The hijacking sparked the "Sigonella Crisis".
1980
1. The 7.1 Mw  El Asnam earthquake shakes northern Algeria, killing 2,633 and injuring 8,369.
  1. 1980 El Asnam earthquake
    
    The 1980 El Asnam earthquake occurred on October 10 at 13:25:23 local time with a moment magnitude of 7.1 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme). The shock occurred in the Algerian town of El Asnam. The shocks were felt over 550 km (340 mi) away, with the initial earthquake lasting 35 seconds. It was the largest earthquake in Algeria, and was followed three hours later by a magnitude 6.2 aftershock. The earthquake created about 42 km (26 mi) of surface rupture and had a vertical slip of up to 4.2 m (14 ft). No foreshocks were recorded. The earthquake was found to have occurred very close to the epicenter of the 1954 Chlef earthquake using joint epicenter determination techniques. It occurred at a previously unknown reverse fault.
2. The Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front is founded in El Salvador.
  1. Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front
    
    The Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front is a left-wing political party in El Salvador.
1979
1. The Olkiluoto Nuclear Power Plant began operations in Eurajoki, Satakunta, Finland.
  1. Olkiluoto Nuclear Power Plant
    
    The Olkiluoto Nuclear Power Plant is one of Finland's two nuclear power plants, the other being the two-unit VVER Loviisa Nuclear Power Plant. The plant is owned and operated by Teollisuuden Voima Oyj (TVO), a subsidiary of Pohjolan Voima, and is located on Olkiluoto Island, on the shore of the Gulf of Bothnia, in the municipality of Eurajoki in western Finland, about 20 kilometres from the town of Rauma and about 50 kilometres from the city of Pori.
  2. Eurajoki
    
    Eurajoki is a municipality of Finland located in the region of Satakunta in the province of Western Finland. The municipality has a population of 9,355 and covers an area of 1,504.96 square kilometres (581.07 sq mi) of which 298.39 km2 (115.21 sq mi) is water. The population density is 27.09 inhabitants per square kilometre (70.2/sq mi).
1975
1. Papua New Guinea joins the United Nations.
  1. Papua New Guinea
    
    Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia. Its capital, located along its southeastern coast, is Port Moresby. Although government estimates have placed the country's population at 9.4 million, a report conducted in December 2022 suggests the true population is close to 17 million. The country is the world's third largest island country, with an area of 462,840 km2 (178,700 sq mi).
  2. United Nations
    
    The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations. It is the world's largest and most familiar international organization. The UN is headquartered on international territory in New York City, and has other main offices in Geneva, Nairobi, Vienna, and The Hague.
1973
1. U.S. vice president Spiro Agnew (pictured) resigned after being charged with tax evasion.
  1. Spiro Agnew
    
    Spiro Theodore Agnew was the 39th vice president of the United States, serving from 1969 until his resignation in 1973. He is the second vice president to resign the position, the other being John C. Calhoun in 1832.
  2. Tax noncompliance
    
    Tax noncompliance is a range of activities that are unfavorable to a government's tax system. This may include tax avoidance, which is tax reduction by legal means, and tax evasion which is the criminal non-payment of tax liabilities. The use of the term "noncompliance" is used differently by different authors. Its most general use describes non-compliant behaviors with respect to different institutional rules resulting in what Edgar L. Feige calls unobserved economies. Non-compliance with fiscal rules of taxation gives rise to unreported income and a tax gap that Feige estimates to be in the neighborhood of $500 billion annually for the United States.
2. U.S. Vice President Spiro Agnew resigns after being charged with evasion of federal income tax.
  1. Spiro Agnew
    
    Spiro Theodore Agnew was the 39th vice president of the United States, serving from 1969 until his resignation in 1973. He is the second vice president to resign the position, the other being John C. Calhoun in 1832.
1970
1. Fiji becomes independent.
  1. Fiji
    
    Fiji, officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about 1,100 nautical miles north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists of an archipelago of more than 330 islands—of which about 110 are permanently inhabited—and more than 500 islets, amounting to a total land area of about 18,300 square kilometres (7,100 sq mi). The most outlying island group is Ono-i-Lau. About 87% of the total population of 924,610 live on the two major islands, Viti Levu and Vanua Levu. About three-quarters of Fijians live on Viti Levu's coasts: either in the capital city of Suva; or in smaller urban centres such as Nadi—where tourism is the major local industry; or in Lautoka, where the sugar-cane industry is dominant. The interior of Viti Levu is sparsely inhabited because of its terrain.
2. Canada's October Crisis escalates when Quebec Vice Premier Pierre Laporte is kidnapped by members of the Front de libération du Québec.
  1. October Crisis
    
    The October Crisis refers to a chain of events that started in October 1970 when members of the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) kidnapped the provincial Labour Minister Pierre Laporte and British diplomat James Cross from his Montreal residence. These events saw the Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau invoking the War Measures Act for the first time in Canadian history during peacetime.
  2. Pierre Laporte
    
    Pierre Laporte was a Canadian lawyer, journalist and politician. He was deputy premier of the province of Quebec when he was kidnapped and murdered by members of the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) during the October Crisis.
  3. Front de libération du Québec
    
    The Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) was a Marxist–Leninist and Quebec separatist guerrilla group. Founded in the early 1960s with the aim of establishing an independent and socialist Quebec through violent means, the FLQ was considered a terrorist group by the Canadian government. It conducted a number of attacks between 1963 and 1970, which totaled over 160 violent incidents and killed eight people and injured many more. These attacks culminated with the Montreal Stock Exchange bombing in 1969 and the October Crisis in 1970, the latter beginning with the kidnapping of British Trade Commissioner James Cross. In the subsequent negotiations, Quebec Labour Minister Pierre Laporte was kidnapped and murdered by a cell of the FLQ. Public outcry and a federal crackdown subsequently ended the crisis and resulted in a drastic loss of support for the FLQ, with a small number of FLQ members being granted refuge in Cuba.
1967
1. The Outer Space Treaty comes into force.
  1. Outer Space Treaty
    
    The Outer Space Treaty, formally the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, is a multilateral treaty that forms the basis of international space law. Negotiated and drafted under the auspices of the United Nations, it was opened for signature in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union on 27 January 1967, entering into force on 10 October 1967. As of February 2022, 112 countries are parties to the treaty—including all major spacefaring nations—and another 23 are signatories.
1964
1. The Tokyo Summer Olympics opening ceremony is the first to be relayed live by satellites.
  1. 1964 Summer Olympics
    
    The 1964 Summer Olympics , officially the Games of the XVIII Olympiad and commonly known as Tokyo 1964, were an international multi-sport event held from 10 to 24 October 1964 in Tokyo, Japan. Tokyo had been awarded the organization of the 1940 Summer Olympics, but this honor was subsequently passed to Helsinki due to Japan's invasion of China, before ultimately being cancelled due to World War II. Tokyo was chosen as the host city during the 55th IOC Session in West Germany on 26 May 1959.
1963
1. The Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, which prohibits all test detonations of nuclear weapons except for those conducted underground, came into effect.
  1. Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
    
    The Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT) is the abbreviated name of the 1963 Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water, which prohibited all test detonations of nuclear weapons except for those conducted underground. It is also abbreviated as the Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT) and Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (NTBT), though the latter may also refer to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), which succeeded the PTBT for ratifying parties.
  2. Nuclear weapons testing
    
    Nuclear weapons tests are experiments carried out to determine nuclear weapons' effectiveness, yield, and explosive capability. Testing nuclear weapons offers practical information about how the weapons function, how detonations are affected by different conditions, and how personnel, structures, and equipment are affected when subjected to nuclear explosions. However, nuclear testing has often been used as an indicator of scientific and military strength. Many tests have been overtly political in their intention; most nuclear weapons states publicly declared their nuclear status through a nuclear test.
  3. Nuclear weapon
    
    A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission or a combination of fission and fusion reactions, producing a nuclear explosion. Both bomb types release large quantities of energy from relatively small amounts of matter.
  4. Underground nuclear weapons testing
    
    Underground nuclear testing is the test detonation of nuclear weapons that is performed underground. When the device being tested is buried at sufficient depth, the nuclear explosion may be contained, with no release of radioactive materials to the atmosphere.
2. France cedes control of the Bizerte naval base to Tunisia.
  1. Bizerte
    
    Bizerte or Bizerta the classical Hippo, is a city of Bizerte Governorate in Tunisia. It is the northernmost city in Africa, located 65 km (40mil) north of the capital Tunis. It is also known as the last town to remain under French control after the rest of the country won its independence from France. The city had 142,966 inhabitants in 2014.
3. The Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty comes into effect.
  1. Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
    
    The Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT) is the abbreviated name of the 1963 Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water, which prohibited all test detonations of nuclear weapons except for those conducted underground. It is also abbreviated as the Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT) and Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (NTBT), though the latter may also refer to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), which succeeded the PTBT for ratifying parties.
1957
1. U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower apologizes to Ghanaian finance minister Komla Agbeli Gbedemah after he is refused service in a Delaware restaurant.
  1. Dwight D. Eisenhower
    
    Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower was an American military officer and statesman who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, he served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force in Europe and achieved the five-star rank of General of the Army. He planned and supervised the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942–1943 as well as the invasion of Normandy (D-Day) from the Western Front in 1944–1945.
  2. Komla Agbeli Gbedemah
    
    Komla Agbeli Gbedemah was a Ghanaian politician and Minister for Finance in Ghana's Nkrumah government between 1954 and 1961. Known popularly as "Afro Gbede", he was an indigene of Anyako in the Volta Region of Ghana.
2. The Windscale fire results in Britain's worst nuclear accident.
  1. Windscale fire
    
    The Windscale fire of 10 October 1957 was the worst nuclear accident in the United Kingdom's history, and one of the worst in the world, ranked in severity at level 5 out of a possible 7 on the International Nuclear Event Scale. The fire was in Unit 1 of the two-pile Windscale site on the north-west coast of England in Cumberland. The two graphite-moderated reactors, referred to at the time as "piles," had been built as part of the British post-war atomic bomb project. Windscale Pile No. 1 was operational in October 1950, followed by Pile No. 2 in June 1951.
1954
1. The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Sultanate of Muscat, Neil Innes, sends a signal to the Sultanate's forces, accompanied with oil explorers, to penetrate Fahud, marking the beginning of Jebel Akhdar War between the Imamate of Oman and the Sultanate of Muscat.
  1. Muscat and Oman
    
    The Sultanate of Muscat and Oman, also known briefly as the State of Muscat and Oman during the rule of Timur ibn Faisal, was a sovereign state that encompassed the present-day Sultanate of Oman and parts of present-day United Arab Emirates and Pakistan, in the second half of the 19th century and 20th century. Ruled by the Busaid dynasty, it was established as a result of the partition of the Omani Empire upon the death of its last ruler Said ibn Sultan. The Sultanate transitioned into a new form of government after the palace coup of 23 July 1970 in which the sultan Said ibn Timur was immediately deposed in favor of his son Qaboos ibn Said.
  2. Fahud
    
    Fahud is a permanent oil camp and oil field in the middle of the central plain area of Oman, named after the nearby Jebel Fahud believed to mean "Leopard Mountain" from the time when wild leopards roamed the area. The main oil camp is owned by Petroleum Development Oman (PDO), the national oil company.
  3. Jebel Akhdar War
    
    The Jebel Akhdar War or the Oman War, also known as Jebel Akhdar rebellion, broke out in 1954 and again in 1957 in Oman, as an effort by the local Omanis in the interior of Oman led by their elected Imam, Ghalib al-Hinai, to protect the Imamate of Oman from the occupation plans of sultan Said bin Taimur, backed by the British government, who were eager to gain access to the oil wells in the interior lands of Oman. Sultan Said received direct financing to raise an armed force to occupy the Imamate of Oman from Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC), a consortium of oil companies that was majorly owned by what is known today as Royal Dutch Shell, Total, ExxonMobil and British Petroleum (BP); the latter was majority-owned by the British government.
  4. Imamate of Oman
    
    The Imamate of Oman refers to a historical state within the Oman proper in the present-day Al Hajar Mountains in Sultanate of Oman. The capital of the Imamate alternated historically between Rustaq and Nizwa. The Imamate's territory extended north to Ibri and south to Alsharqiyah region and the Sharqiya Sands. The Imamate was bounded from the east by the Al Hajar Mountains and from the west by the Rub' al Khali desert. The Al Hajar Mountains separated the Imamate of Oman from Muscat and Oman. The elected Imam (ruler) resided in the capital, and Walis (governors) represented the Imamate in its different regions.
1945
1. The Double Tenth Agreement is signed by the Communist Party and the Kuomintang about the future of China.
  1. Double Tenth Agreement
    
    The Double Tenth Agreement, formally known as the Summary of Conversations Between the Government and Representatives of the Communist Party of China, was an agreement between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) that was concluded on 10 October 1945 after 43 days of negotiations. CCP Chairman Mao Zedong and United States Ambassador to China Patrick J. Hurley flew together to Chungking on 27 August 1945 to begin the negotiations. The outcome was that the CCP acknowledged the KMT as the legitimate government, while the KMT in return recognised the CCP as a legitimate opposition party. The Shangdang Campaign, which began on 10 September, came to an end on 12 October as a result of the announcement of the agreement.
  2. Chinese Communist Party
    
    The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), officially the Communist Party of China (CPC), is the founding and sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Under the leadership of Mao Zedong, the CCP emerged victorious in the Chinese Civil War against the Kuomintang, and in 1949 Mao proclaimed the establishment of the People's Republic of China. Since then, the CCP has governed China with eight smaller parties within its United Front and has sole control over the People's Liberation Army (PLA). Each successive leader of the CCP has added their own theories to the party's constitution, which outlines the ideological beliefs of the party, collectively referred to as socialism with Chinese characteristics. As of 2022, the CCP has more than 96 million members, making it the second largest political party by party membership in the world after India's Bharatiya Janata Party. The Chinese public generally refers to the CCP as simply "the Party".
  3. Kuomintang
    
    The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC)or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Taiwan after 1949. It was the sole party in China during the Republican Era from 1928 to 1949, when most of the Chinese mainland was under its control. The party retreated from the mainland to Taiwan on 7 December 1949, following its defeat in the Chinese Civil War. Chiang Kai-shek declared martial law and retained its authoritarian rule over Taiwan under the Dang Guo system until democratic reforms were enacted in the 1980s and full democratization in the 1990s. In Taiwanese politics, the KMT is the dominant party in the Pan-Blue Coalition and primarily competes with the rival Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). It is currently the largest opposition party in the Legislative Yuan. The current chairman is Eric Chu.
1943
1. World War II: The Kenpeitai, the military police arm of the Imperial Japanese Army, arrested and tortured fifty-seven civilians and civilian internees on suspicion of their involvement in a raid on Singapore Harbour during Operation Jaywick.
  1. World War II
    
    World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries.
  2. Kenpeitai
    
    The Kenpeitai , also known as Kempeitai, was the military police arm of the Imperial Japanese Army from 1881 to 1945 that also served as a secret police force. In addition, in Japanese-occupied territories, the Kenpeitai arrested or killed those suspected of being anti-Japanese. While institutionally part of the army, the Kenpeitai also discharged military police functions for the Imperial Japanese Navy under the direction of the Admiralty Minister, those of the executive police under the direction of the Home Minister and those of the judicial police under the direction of the Justice Minister. A member of the Kenpeitai corps was called a kenpei (憲兵).
  3. Imperial Japanese Army
    
    The Imperial Japanese Army was the official ground-based armed force of the Empire of Japan from 1868 to 1945. It was controlled by the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office and the Ministry of the Army, both of which were nominally subordinate to the Emperor of Japan as supreme commander of the army and the Imperial Japanese Navy. Later an Inspectorate General of Aviation became the third agency with oversight of the army. During wartime or national emergencies, the nominal command functions of the emperor would be centralized in an Imperial General Headquarters (IGHQ), an ad hoc body consisting of the chief and vice chief of the Army General Staff, the Minister of the Army, the chief and vice chief of the Naval General Staff, the Inspector General of Aviation, and the Inspector General of Military Training.
  4. Double Tenth incident
    
    The "Double Tenth incident" or "Double Tenth massacre" occurred on 10 October 1943, during the Second World War Japanese occupation of Singapore. The Kenpeitai – Japanese military police – arrested and tortured fifty-seven civilians and civilian internees on suspicion of their involvement in a raid on Singapore Harbour that had been carried out by Anglo–Australian commandos from Operation Jaywick. Three Japanese ships were sunk and three were damaged, but none of those arrested and tortured had participated in the raid, nor had any knowledge of it. Fifteen of them died in Singapore's Changi Prison.
  5. Operation Jaywick
    
    Operation Jaywick was a special operation undertaken in World War II. In September 1943, 14 commandos and sailors from the Allied Z Special Unit raided Japanese shipping in Singapore Harbour, sinking six ships.
1938
1. Abiding by the Munich Agreement, Czechoslovakia completes its withdrawal from the Sudetenland.
  1. Munich Agreement
    
    The Munich Agreement was an agreement concluded at Munich on 30 September 1938, by Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and Italy. It provided "cession to Germany of the Sudeten German territory" of Czechoslovakia, despite the existence of a 1924 alliance agreement and 1925 military pact between France and the Czechoslovak Republic, for which it is also known as the Munich Betrayal. Most of Europe celebrated the Munich agreement, which was presented as a way to prevent a major war on the continent. The four powers agreed to the German annexation of the Czechoslovak borderland areas named the Sudetenland, where more than three million people, mainly ethnic Germans, lived. Adolf Hitler announced that it was his last territorial claim in Northern Europe.
  2. Czechoslovakia
    
    Czechoslovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary. In 1938, after the Munich Agreement, the Sudetenland became part of Germany, while the country lost further territories to Hungary and Poland. Between 1939 and 1945 the state ceased to exist, as Slovakia proclaimed its independence and the remaining territories in the east became part of Hungary, while in the remainder of the Czech Lands the German Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia was proclaimed. In 1939, after the outbreak of World War II, former Czechoslovak President Edvard Beneš formed a government-in-exile and sought recognition from the Allies.
  3. Sudetenland
    
    The Sudetenland is the historical German name for the northern, southern, and western areas of former Czechoslovakia which were inhabited primarily by Sudeten Germans. These German speakers had predominated in the border districts of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia since the Middle Ages. Sudetenland had been since the 9th century an integral part of the Czech state both geographically and politically.
1935
1. In Greece, a coup d'état ends the Second Hellenic Republic.
  1. Coup d'état
    
    A coup d'état, also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, politician, cult, rebel group, military, or a dictator. Many scholars consider a coup successful when the usurpers seize and hold power for at least seven days.
  2. Second Hellenic Republic
    
    The Second Hellenic Republic is a modern historiographical term used to refer to the Greek state during a period of republican governance between 1924 and 1935. To its contemporaries it was known officially as the Hellenic Republic or more commonly as Greece. It occupied virtually the coterminous territory of modern Greece and bordered Albania, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Turkey and the Italian Aegean Islands. The term Second Republic is used to differentiate it from the First and Third republics.
1933
1. In the first proven act of sabotage in the history of commercial aviation, a Boeing 247 operated by United Airlines exploded in mid-air near Chesterton, Indiana, killing all seven people aboard.
  1. Sabotage
    
    Sabotage is a deliberate action aimed at weakening a polity, effort, or organization through subversion, obstruction, disruption, or destruction. One who engages in sabotage is a saboteur. Saboteurs typically try to conceal their identities because of the consequences of their actions and to avoid invoking legal and organizational requirements for addressing sabotage.
  2. Boeing 247
    
    The Boeing Model 247 is an early United States airliner, and one of the first such aircraft to incorporate advances such as all-metal semimonocoque construction, a fully cantilevered wing, and retractable landing gear. Other advanced features included control surface trim tabs, an autopilot and de-icing boots for the wings and tailplane. The 247 first flew on February 8, 1933, and entered service later that year.
  3. United Airlines
    
    United Airlines, Inc., is a major American airline headquartered at the Willis Tower in Chicago, Illinois. United operates a large domestic and international route network spanning cities large and small across the United States and all six inhabited continents. Measured by fleet size and the number of routes, it is the third-largest airline in the world after its merger with Continental Airlines in 2010.
  4. United Air Lines Trip 23
    
    On October 10, 1933, United Air Lines Trip 23, a Boeing 247 airliner operated by United Air Lines and registered as NC13304 crashed near Chesterton, Indiana, United States. The transcontinental flight carried three crew and four passengers and originated in Newark, New Jersey, with its final destination in Oakland, California. It had already landed in Cleveland, and was headed to its next stop in Chicago when it exploded en route. All aboard died in the crash, which was caused by an on-board explosive device. Eyewitnesses on the ground reported hearing an explosion shortly after 9 pm and seeing the aircraft in flames at an altitude around 1,000 feet (300 m). A second explosion followed after the aircraft crashed. The crash scene was adjacent to a gravel road about 5 miles (8 km) outside of Chesterton, centered in a wooded area on the Jackson Township farm of James Smiley.
  5. Chesterton, Indiana
    
    Chesterton is a town in Westchester, Jackson and Liberty townships in Porter County, in the U.S. state of Indiana. The population was 14,241 at the 2020 Census. The three towns of Chesterton, Burns Harbor, and Porter are known as the Duneland area.
2. A United Airlines Boeing 247 is destroyed by sabotage, the first such proven case in the history of commercial aviation.
  1. United Air Lines Trip 23
    
    On October 10, 1933, United Air Lines Trip 23, a Boeing 247 airliner operated by United Air Lines and registered as NC13304 crashed near Chesterton, Indiana, United States. The transcontinental flight carried three crew and four passengers and originated in Newark, New Jersey, with its final destination in Oakland, California. It had already landed in Cleveland, and was headed to its next stop in Chicago when it exploded en route. All aboard died in the crash, which was caused by an on-board explosive device. Eyewitnesses on the ground reported hearing an explosion shortly after 9 pm and seeing the aircraft in flames at an altitude around 1,000 feet (300 m). A second explosion followed after the aircraft crashed. The crash scene was adjacent to a gravel road about 5 miles (8 km) outside of Chesterton, centered in a wooded area on the Jackson Township farm of James Smiley.
1928
1. Chiang Kai-shek becomes Chairman of the Republic of China.
  1. Chiang Kai-shek
    
    Chiang Kai-shek, also known as Chiang Chung-cheng and Jiang Jieshi, was a Chinese Nationalist politician, revolutionary, and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China (ROC) from 1928 to his death in 1975 – until 1949 in mainland China and from then on in Taiwan. After his rule was confined to Taiwan following his defeat by Mao Zedong in the Chinese Civil War, he continued to head the ROC government in exile.
1920
1. The Carinthian plebiscite determines that the larger part of the Duchy of Carinthia should remain part of Austria.
  1. 1920 Carinthian plebiscite
    
    The Carinthian plebiscite was held on 10 October 1920 in the area in southern Carinthia predominantly settled by Carinthian Slovenes. It determined the final border between the Republic of Austria and the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia) after World War I. The predominantly Slovene-speaking plebiscite area voted to remain part of Austria with a 59% majority.
  2. Duchy of Carinthia
    
    The Duchy of Carinthia was a duchy located in southern Austria and parts of northern Slovenia. It was separated from the Duchy of Bavaria in 976, and was the first newly created Imperial State after the original German stem duchies.
  3. First Austrian Republic
    
    The First Austrian Republic was created after the signing of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye on 10 September 1919—the settlement after the end of World War I which ended the Habsburg rump state of Republic of German-Austria—and ended with the establishment of the Austrofascist Federal State of Austria based upon a dictatorship of Engelbert Dollfuss and the Fatherland's Front in 1934. The Republic's constitution was enacted on 1 October 1920 and amended on 7 December 1929. The republican period was increasingly marked by violent strife between those with left-wing and right-wing views, leading to the July Revolt of 1927 and the Austrian Civil War of 1934.
1918
1. RMS Leinster is torpedoed and sunk by UB-123, killing 564, the worst-ever on the Irish Sea.
  1. RMS Leinster
    
    RMS Leinster was an Irish ship operated by the City of Dublin Steam Packet Company. She served as the Kingstown-Holyhead mailboat until she was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine UB-123, which was under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Robert Ramm, on 10 October 1918, while bound for Holyhead. She sank just outside Dublin Bay at a point 4 nautical miles (7.4 km) east of the Kish light.
  2. SM UB-123
    
    SM UB-123 was a German Type UB III submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy during World War I. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 6 April 1918 as SM UB-123.
  3. Irish Sea
    
    The Irish Sea is an extensive body of water that separates the islands of Ireland and Great Britain. It is linked to the Celtic Sea in the south by St George's Channel and to the Inner Seas off the West Coast of Scotland in the north by the North Channel.
1913
1. U.S. President Woodrow Wilson triggers the explosion of the Gamboa Dike, completing major construction on the Panama Canal.
  1. Woodrow Wilson
    
    Thomas Woodrow Wilson was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the president of Princeton University and as the governor of New Jersey before winning the 1912 presidential election. As president, Wilson changed the nation's economic policies and led the United States into World War I in 1917. He was the leading architect of the League of Nations, and his progressive stance on foreign policy came to be known as Wilsonianism.
  2. Panama Canal
    
    The Panama Canal is an artificial 82 km (51 mi) waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean and divides North and South America. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a conduit for maritime trade. One of the largest and most difficult engineering projects ever undertaken, the Panama Canal shortcut greatly reduces the time for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, enabling them to avoid the lengthy, hazardous Cape Horn route around the southernmost tip of South America via the Drake Passage or Strait of Magellan and the even less popular route through the Arctic Archipelago and the Bering Strait.
1911
1. The Xinhai Revolution began with the Wuchang Uprising, marking the beginning of the collapse of the Qing dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of China.
  1. 1911 Revolution
    
    The 1911 Revolution, also known as the Xinhai Revolution or Hsinhai Revolution, ended China's last imperial dynasty, the Manchu-led Qing dynasty, and led to the establishment of the Republic of China. The revolution was the culmination of a decade of agitation, revolts, and uprisings. Its success marked the collapse of the Chinese monarchy, the end of 2,132 years of imperial rule in China and 276 years of the Qing dynasty, and the beginning of China's early republican era.
  2. Wuchang Uprising
    
    The Wuchang Uprising was an armed rebellion against the ruling Qing dynasty that took place in Wuchang, Hubei, China on 10 October 1911, beginning the Xinhai Revolution that successfully overthrew China's last imperial dynasty. It was led by elements of the New Army, influenced by revolutionary ideas from Tongmenghui. The uprising and the eventual revolution directly led to the downfall of the Qing dynasty with almost three centuries of imperial rule, and the establishment of the Republic of China (ROC), which commemorates the anniversary of the uprising's starting date of 10 October as the National Day of the Republic of China.
  3. Qing dynasty
    
    The Qing dynasty, officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speaking ethnic group who unified other Jurchen tribes to form a new "Manchu" ethnic identity. The dynasty was officially proclaimed in 1636 in Manchuria. It seized control of Beijing in 1644, then later expanded its rule over the whole of China proper and Taiwan, and finally expanded into Inner Asia. The dynasty lasted until 1912 when it was overthrown in the Xinhai Revolution. In orthodox Chinese historiography, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the Ming dynasty and succeeded by the Republic of China. The multiethnic Qing empire lasted for almost three centuries and assembled the territorial base for modern China. It was the largest imperial dynasty in the history of China and in 1790 the fourth-largest empire in world history in terms of territorial size. With 419,264,000 citizens in 1907, it was the world's most populous country at the time.
  4. Republic of China (1912–1949)
    
    The Republic of China (ROC), between 1912 and 1949, was a sovereign state recognised as the official designation of China when it was based on Mainland China, prior to the relocation of its central government to Taiwan as a result of the Chinese Civil War. At a population of 541 million in 1949, it was the world's most populous country. Covering 11.4 million square kilometres, it consisted of 35 provinces, 1 special administrative region, 2 regions, 12 special municipalities, 14 leagues, and 4 special banners. The People's Republic of China (PRC), which rules mainland China today, considers ROC as a country that ceased to exist since 1949; thus, the history of ROC before 1949 is often referred to as Republican Era of China. The ROC, now based in Taiwan, today considers itself a continuation of the country, thus calling the period of its mainland governance as the Mainland Period of the Republic of China in Taiwan.
2. The day after a bomb explodes prematurely, the Wuchang Uprising begins against the Chinese monarchy.
  1. Wuchang Uprising
    
    The Wuchang Uprising was an armed rebellion against the ruling Qing dynasty that took place in Wuchang, Hubei, China on 10 October 1911, beginning the Xinhai Revolution that successfully overthrew China's last imperial dynasty. It was led by elements of the New Army, influenced by revolutionary ideas from Tongmenghui. The uprising and the eventual revolution directly led to the downfall of the Qing dynasty with almost three centuries of imperial rule, and the establishment of the Republic of China (ROC), which commemorates the anniversary of the uprising's starting date of 10 October as the National Day of the Republic of China.
1903
1. The Women's Social and Political Union is founded in support of the enfranchisement of British women.
  1. Women's Social and Political Union
    
    The Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) was a women-only political movement and leading militant organisation campaigning for women's suffrage in the United Kingdom from 1903 to 1918. Known from 1906 as the suffragettes, its membership and policies were tightly controlled by Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughters Christabel and Sylvia; Sylvia was eventually expelled.
1868
1. The Ten Years' War begins against Spanish rule in Cuba.
  1. Ten Years' War
    
    The Ten Years' War, also known as the Great War and the War of '68, was part of Cuba's fight for independence from Spain. The uprising was led by Cuban-born planters and other wealthy natives. On 10 October 1868, sugar mill owner Carlos Manuel de Céspedes and his followers proclaimed independence, beginning the conflict. This was the first of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain, the other two being the Little War (1879–1880) and the Cuban War of Independence (1895–1898). The final three months of the last conflict escalated with United States involvement, leading to the Spanish–American War.
  2. Captaincy General of Cuba
    
    The Captaincy General of Cuba was an administrative district of the Spanish Empire created in 1607 as part of Habsburg Spain's attempt to better defend and administer its Caribbean possessions. It also involved creating captaincies general in Puerto Rico, Guatemala and Yucatán.
  3. Cuba
    
    Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and Atlantic Ocean meet. Cuba is located east of the Yucatán Peninsula (Mexico), south of both the American state of Florida and the Bahamas, west of Hispaniola, and north of both Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. Havana is the largest city and capital; other major cities include Santiago de Cuba and Camagüey. The official area of the Republic of Cuba is 109,884 km2 (42,426 sq mi) but a total of 350,730 km² including the exclusive economic zone. Cuba is the second-most populous country in the Caribbean after Haiti, with over 11 million inhabitants.
1846
1. English astronomer William Lassell discovered Triton, the largest moon of Neptune.
  1. William Lassell
    
    William Lassell was an English merchant and astronomer. He is remembered for his improvements to the reflecting telescope and his ensuing discoveries of four planetary satellites.
  2. Triton (moon)
    
    Triton is the largest natural satellite of the planet Neptune, and was the first Neptunian moon to be discovered, on October 10, 1846, by English astronomer William Lassell. It is the only large moon in the Solar System with a retrograde orbit, an orbit in the direction opposite to its planet's rotation. Because of its retrograde orbit and composition similar to Pluto, Triton is thought to have been a dwarf planet, captured from the Kuiper belt.
  3. Moons of Neptune
    
    The planet Neptune has 14 known moons, which are named for minor water deities in Greek mythology. By far the largest of them is Triton, discovered by William Lassell on October 10, 1846, 17 days after the discovery of Neptune itself; over a century passed before the discovery of the second natural satellite, Nereid. Neptune's outermost moon Neso, which has an orbital period of about 26 Julian years, orbits farther from its planet than any other moon in the Solar System.
2. Triton, the largest moon of the planet Neptune, is discovered by English astronomer William Lassell.
  1. Triton (moon)
    
    Triton is the largest natural satellite of the planet Neptune, and was the first Neptunian moon to be discovered, on October 10, 1846, by English astronomer William Lassell. It is the only large moon in the Solar System with a retrograde orbit, an orbit in the direction opposite to its planet's rotation. Because of its retrograde orbit and composition similar to Pluto, Triton is thought to have been a dwarf planet, captured from the Kuiper belt.
  2. Neptune
    
    Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun and the farthest known planet in the Solar System. It is the fourth-largest planet in the Solar System by diameter, the third-most-massive planet, and the densest giant planet. It is 17 times the mass of Earth, and slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus. Neptune is denser and physically smaller than Uranus because its greater mass causes more gravitational compression of its atmosphere. It is referred to as one of the solar system's two ice giant planets. Being composed primarily of gases and liquids, it has no well-defined "solid surface". The planet orbits the Sun once every 164.8 years at an average distance of 30.1 AU. It is named after the Roman god of the sea and has the astronomical symbol , representing Neptune's trident.
  3. William Lassell
    
    William Lassell was an English merchant and astronomer. He is remembered for his improvements to the reflecting telescope and his ensuing discoveries of four planetary satellites.
1845
1. In Annapolis, Maryland, the Naval School (later the United States Naval Academy) opens with 50 students.
  1. Annapolis, Maryland
    
    Annapolis is the capital city of the U.S. state of Maryland and the county seat of, and only incorporated city in, Anne Arundel County. Situated on the Chesapeake Bay at the mouth of the Severn River, 25 miles (40 km) south of Baltimore and about 30 miles (50 km) east of Washington, D.C., Annapolis forms part of the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area. The 2020 census recorded its population as 40,812, an increase of 6.3% since 2010.
  2. United States Naval Academy
    
    The United States Naval Academy is a federal service academy in Annapolis, Maryland. It was established on 10 October 1845 during the tenure of George Bancroft as Secretary of the Navy. The Naval Academy is the second oldest of the five U.S. service academies and it educates midshipmen for service in the officer corps of the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps. The 338-acre (137 ha) campus is located on the former grounds of Fort Severn at the confluence of the Severn River and Chesapeake Bay in Anne Arundel County, 33 miles (53 km) east of Washington, D.C., and 26 miles (42 km) southeast of Baltimore. The entire campus, known colloquially as the Yard, is a National Historic Landmark and home to many historic sites, buildings, and monuments. It replaced Philadelphia Naval Asylum, in Philadelphia, that had served as the first United States Naval Academy from 1838 to 1845, when the Naval Academy formed in Annapolis.
1814
1. War of 1812: The United States Revenue Marine attempts to defend the cutter Eagle from the Royal Navy.
  1. War of 1812
    
    The War of 1812 was fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against the United Kingdom and its allies in British North America, with limited participation by Spain in Florida. It began when the United States declared war on 18 June 1812 and, although peace terms were agreed upon in the December 1814 Treaty of Ghent, did not officially end until the peace treaty was ratified by Congress on 17 February 1815.
  2. United States Revenue Cutter Service
    
    The United States Revenue Cutter Service was established by an act of Congress on 4 August 1790 as the Revenue-Marine upon the recommendation of Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton to serve as an armed customs enforcement service. As time passed, the service gradually gained missions either voluntarily or by legislation, including those of a military nature. It was generally referred to as the Revenue-Marine until 31 July 1894, when it was officially renamed the Revenue Cutter Service. The Revenue Cutter Service operated under the authority of the U.S. Department of the Treasury. On 28 January 1915, the service was merged by an act of Congress with the United States Life-Saving Service to form the United States Coast Guard.
  3. Defense of the cutter Eagle
    
    The defense of the cutter Eagle was a battle on and around Long Island that took place from October 10 to 13, 1814, between the United Kingdom's Royal Navy and the United States' Revenue Marine. Early on in the engagement, the United States' only involved vessel, USRC Eagle, was beached near Negro Head. Despite the loss of their ship, her crew continued fighting the Royal Navy vessels from shore using cannon recovered from their wrecked vessel. Eagle's crew was ultimately able to repair and refloat her, but unsuccessful in their attempts to drive the British ships away. Once more she was beached, but after exhausting their ammunition over three days of fighting, the Eagle's crew was unable to prevent her from being towed off by the Royal Navy, which then sailed her back past the shoreline for a victory lap. Though there were no fatalities on either side in the battle, a cow grazing in the area died after being hit by a 32-pound (15 kg) round shot fired by one of the Royal Navy ships.
  4. Royal Navy
    
    The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against France. The modern Royal Navy traces its origins to the early 16th century; the oldest of the UK's armed services, it is consequently known as the Senior Service.
1780
1. The Great Hurricane of 1780 kills 20,000–30,000 in the Caribbean.
  1. Great Hurricane of 1780
    
    The Great Hurricane of 1780 was the deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record. An estimated 22,000 people died throughout the Lesser Antilles when the storm passed through the islands from October 10 to October 16. Specifics on the hurricane's track and strength are unknown, as the official Atlantic hurricane database only goes back to 1851.
1760
1. In a treaty with Dutch colonial authorities, the Ndyuka people of Suriname gained territorial autonomy.
  1. Ndyuka people
    
    The Ndyuka people or Aukan people (Okanisi), are one of six Maroon peoples in the Republic of Suriname and one of the Maroon peoples in French Guiana. The Aukan or Ndyuka speak the Ndyuka language. They are subdivided into the Opu, who live upstream of the Tapanahony River in the Tapanahony resort of southeastern Suriname, and the Bilo, who live downstream of that river in Marowijne District
2. In a treaty with the Dutch colonial authorities, the Ndyuka people of Suriname – descended from escaped slaves – gain territorial autonomy.
  1. Ndyuka people
    
    The Ndyuka people or Aukan people (Okanisi), are one of six Maroon peoples in the Republic of Suriname and one of the Maroon peoples in French Guiana. The Aukan or Ndyuka speak the Ndyuka language. They are subdivided into the Opu, who live upstream of the Tapanahony River in the Tapanahony resort of southeastern Suriname, and the Bilo, who live downstream of that river in Marowijne District
  2. Maroons
    
    Maroons are descendants of Africans in the Americas who formed settlements away from slavery. They often mixed with indigenous peoples, eventually evolving into separate creole cultures such as the Garifuna and the Mascogos.
1631
1. Thirty Years' War: An army of the Electorate of Saxony seizes Prague.
  1. Thirty Years' War
    
    The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history, lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of battle, famine, and disease, while some areas of what is now modern Germany experienced population declines of over 50%. Related conflicts include the Eighty Years' War, the War of the Mantuan Succession, the Franco-Spanish War, and the Portuguese Restoration War.
  2. Electorate of Saxony
    
    The Electorate of Saxony, also known as Electoral Saxony, was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire from 1356–1806. It was centered around the cities of Dresden, Leipzig and Chemnitz.
1580
1. Over 600 Papal troops land in Ireland to support the Second Desmond Rebellion.
  1. Kingdom of Ireland
    
    The Kingdom of Ireland was a monarchy on the island of Ireland that was a client state of England and then of Great Britain. It existed from 1542 until 1801. It was ruled by the monarchs of England and then of Great Britain, and administered from Dublin Castle by a viceroy appointed by the English king: the Lord Deputy of Ireland. It had a parliament, composed of Anglo-Irish and native nobles. From 1661 until 1801, the administration controlled an army. A Protestant state church, the Church of Ireland, was established. Although styled a kingdom, for most of its history it was, de facto, an English dependency. This status was enshrined in Poynings' Law and in the Declaratory Act of 1719.
  2. Second Desmond Rebellion
    
    The Second Desmond Rebellion (1579–1583) was the more widespread and bloody of the two Desmond Rebellions in Ireland launched by the FitzGerald Dynasty of Desmond in Munster against English rule. The second rebellion began in July 1579 when James FitzMaurice FitzGerald landed in Ireland with a force of Papal troops, triggering an insurrection across the south of Ireland on the part of the Desmond dynasty, their allies, and others who were dissatisfied for various reasons with English government of the country. The rebellion ended with the 1583 death of Gerald FitzGerald, 14th Earl of Desmond, and the defeat of the rebels.
1575
1. Roman Catholic forces under Henry I, Duke of Guise, defeat the Protestants, capturing Philippe de Mornay among others.
  1. Henry I, Duke of Guise
    
    Henry I, Prince of Joinville, Duke of Guise, Count of Eu, sometimes called Le Balafré ('Scarface'), was the eldest son of Francis, Duke of Guise, and Anna d'Este. His maternal grandparents were Ercole II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, and Renée of France. Through his maternal grandfather, he was a descendant of Lucrezia Borgia and Pope Alexander VI.
  2. Battle of Dormans
    
    The Battle of Dormans was fought on 10 October 1575, during the 5th War of Religion in France, between the armies of Henry I, Duke of Guise and the Huguenot-recruited German army of John Casimir of the Palatinate-Simmern.
  3. Philippe de Mornay
    
    Philippe de Mornay, seigneur du Plessis Marly, usually known as Du-Plessis-Mornay or Mornay Du Plessis, was a French Protestant writer and member of the anti-monarchist Monarchomaques.
1492
1. The crew of Christopher Columbus's ship, the Santa Maria, attempt a mutiny.
  1. Christopher Columbus
    
    Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer and navigator who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean sponsored by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, opening the way for the widespread European exploration and colonization of the Americas. His expeditions were the first known European contact with the Caribbean, Central America, and South America.
  2. Santa María (ship)
    
    La Santa María, alternatively La Gallega, was the largest of the three Spanish ships used by Christopher Columbus in his first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492, the others being the Niña and the Pinta. Her master and owner was Juan de la Cosa, a man from Santoña, Cantabria, operating in south Spanish waters. Requisitioned by order of Queen Isabella and by contract with Christopher Columbus, whom de la Cosa knew previously, the Santa María became Columbus's flagship on the voyage as long as it was afloat. Having gone aground on Christmas Day, 1492, on the shores of Haiti, through inexperience of the helmsman, it was partially dismantled to obtain timbers for Fort Navidad, "Christmas Fort," placed in a native Taíno village. The fort was the first Spanish settlement in the New World, which Columbus had claimed for Spain. He thus regarded the wreck as providential. The hull remained where it was, the subject of much modern wreck-hunting without successful conclusion.
1471
1. Sten Sture the Elder, the Regent of Sweden, with the help of farmers and miners, repels an attack by King Christian I of Denmark.
  1. Sten Sture the Elder
    
    Sten Sture the Elder was a Swedish statesman and regent of Sweden from 1470–1497 and 1501–1503. As the leader of the victorious Swedish separatist forces against the royal unionist forces during the Battle of Brunkeberg in 1471, he weakened the Kalmar Union considerably and became the effective ruler of Sweden as Lord Regent for most of his remaining life.
  2. Battle of Brunkeberg
    
    The Battle of Brunkeberg was fought on 10 October 1471 between the Swedish regent Sten Sture the Elder and forces led by Danish king Christian I. Sture won a decisive victory.
  3. Christian I of Denmark
    
    Christian I was a Scandinavian monarch under the Kalmar Union. He was king of Denmark (1448–1481), Norway (1450–1481) and Sweden (1457–1464). From 1460 to 1481, he was also duke of Schleswig and count of Holstein. He was the first king of the House of Oldenburg.
732
1. Charles Martel's forces defeat an Umayyad army near Tours, France.
  1. Charles Martel
    
    Charles Martel was a Frankish political and military leader who, as Duke and Prince of the Franks and Mayor of the Palace, was the de facto ruler of Francia from 718 until his death. He was a son of the Frankish statesman Pepin of Herstal and Pepin's mistress, a noblewoman named Alpaida. Charles, also known as "The Hammer", successfully asserted his claims to power as successor to his father as the power behind the throne in Frankish politics. Continuing and building on his father's work, he restored centralized government in Francia and began the series of military campaigns that re-established the Franks as the undisputed masters of all Gaul. According to a near-contemporary source, the Liber Historiae Francorum, Charles was "a warrior who was uncommonly [...] effective in battle".
  2. Battle of Tours
    
    The Battle of Tours, also called the Battle of Poitiers and, by Arab sources, the Battle of the Highway of the Martyrs, was fought on 10 October 732, and was an important battle during the Umayyad invasion of Gaul. It resulted in the victory for the Frankish and Aquitanian forces, led by Charles Martel, over the invading forces of the Umayyad Caliphate, led by Abdul Rahman Al-Ghafiqi, governor of al-Andalus.
  3. Tours
    
    Tours is one of the largest cities in the region of Centre-Val de Loire, France. It is the prefecture of the Indre-et-Loire department. The commune of Tours had 136,463 inhabitants as of 2018 while the population of the whole metropolitan area was 516,973.
680
1. Husayn ibn Ali, a grandson of Muhammad, was killed at the Battle of Karbala by the forces of Yazid I, whom Husayn had refused to recognize as caliph.
  1. Husayn ibn Ali
    
    Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib was a grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a son of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Muhammad's daughter Fatima, as well as a younger brother of Hasan ibn Ali. He is claimed to be the third Imam of Shia Islam after his brother, Hasan, and before his son, Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin. Being a grandson of the prophet, he is a member of the Ahl al-Bayt. He is also considered to be a member of the Ahl al-Kisa, and a participant in the event of Mubahala. Muhammad described him and his brother, Hasan, as "the leaders of the youth of Paradise."
  2. Muhammad
    
    Muhammad was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monotheistic teachings of Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets. He is believed to be the Seal of the Prophets within Islam. Muhammad united Arabia into a single Muslim polity, with the Quran as well as his teachings and practices forming the basis of Islamic religious belief.
  3. Battle of Karbala
    
    The Battle of Karbala was fought on 10 October 680 between the army of the second Umayyad Caliph Yazid I and a small army led by Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, at Karbala, Sawad.
  4. Yazid I
    
    Yazid ibn Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan, commonly known as Yazid I, was the second caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate. He ruled from April 680 until his death in November 683. His appointment was the first hereditary succession to the caliphate in Islamic history. His caliphate was marked by the death of Muhammad's grandson Husayn ibn Ali and the start of the crisis known as the Second Fitna.
  5. Caliphate
    
    A caliphate or khilāfah is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph, a person considered a political-religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire Muslim world (ummah). Historically, the caliphates were polities based on Islam which developed into multi-ethnic trans-national empires. During the medieval period, three major caliphates succeeded each other: the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661), the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750), and the Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258). In the fourth major caliphate, the Ottoman Caliphate, the rulers of the Ottoman Empire claimed caliphal authority from 1517. Throughout the history of Islam, a few other Muslim states, almost all hereditary monarchies such as the Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo) and Ayyubid Caliphate, have claimed to be caliphates.
2. The Battle of Karbala marks the Martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali.
  1. Battle of Karbala
    
    The Battle of Karbala was fought on 10 October 680 between the army of the second Umayyad Caliph Yazid I and a small army led by Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, at Karbala, Sawad.
  2. Martyr
    
    A martyr is someone who suffers persecution and death for advocating, renouncing, or refusing to renounce or advocate, a religious belief or other cause as demanded by an external party. In the martyrdom narrative of the remembering community, this refusal to comply with the presented demands results in the punishment or execution of an actor by an alleged oppressor. Accordingly, the status of the 'martyr' can be considered a posthumous title as a reward for those who are considered worthy of the concept of martyrdom by the living, regardless of any attempts by the deceased to control how they will be remembered in advance. Insofar, the martyr is a relational figure of a society's boundary work that is produced by collective memory. Originally applied only to those who suffered for their religious beliefs, the term has come to be used in connection with people killed for a political cause.
  3. Husayn ibn Ali
    
    Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib was a grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a son of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Muhammad's daughter Fatima, as well as a younger brother of Hasan ibn Ali. He is claimed to be the third Imam of Shia Islam after his brother, Hasan, and before his son, Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin. Being a grandson of the prophet, he is a member of the Ahl al-Bayt. He is also considered to be a member of the Ahl al-Kisa, and a participant in the event of Mubahala. Muhammad described him and his brother, Hasan, as "the leaders of the youth of Paradise."

Births & Deaths

2022
1. Mulayam Singh Yadav, Indian politician, 15th Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (b. 1939) deaths
  1. Mulayam Singh Yadav
    
    Mulayam Singh Yadav was an Indian politician, a socialist figure and the founder of the Samajwadi Party. He served 3 non-consecutive terms as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, and also served as the Minister of Defence, Government of India. A long-time parliamentarian, he was the Member of Parliament, representing the Mainpuri constituency in the Lok Sabha, and earlier had also represented the Azamgarh, Sambhal and Kannauj constituencies.
  2. List of chief ministers of Uttar Pradesh
    
    The chief minister of Uttar Pradesh is the principal minister in chief of the Government of Uttar Pradesh. As per the Constitution of India, the governor is the state's de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, the governor usually invites the party with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given that he has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no term limits.
2021
1. Abdul Qadeer Khan, Pakistani nuclear physicist and metallurgical scientist (b. 1936) deaths
  1. Abdul Qadeer Khan
    
    Abdul Qadeer Khan, NI, HI, FPAS, known as A. Q. Khan, was a Pakistani nuclear physicist and metallurgical engineer. He was a key figure in Pakistan’s nuclear weapons program and is colloquially known as the "Father of Pakistan's atomic weapons program". He is a national hero in Pakistan.
2016
1. Donn Fendler, American author and speaker (b. 1926) deaths
  1. Donn Fendler
    
    Donn Charles Fendler was an American author and public speaker from Rye, New York. In July 1939 at the age of 12, he got separated from his family and became lost on Maine's Mount Katahdin. His disappearance launched a manhunt which became front page news throughout the nation and involved hundreds of volunteers. Donn survived for nine days without food or proper clothing, before following a stream and telephone line out of the woods near Stacyville, Maine. Fendler was dehydrated, covered with insect bites, and 16 pounds lighter than at the beginning of his odyssey, but otherwise unharmed. He credited his experience as a Boy Scout in helping him survive the ordeal.
2015
1. Diepreye Alamieyeseigha, Nigerian politician, Governor of Bayelsa State (b. 1952) deaths
  1. Diepreye Alamieyeseigha
    
    Diepreye Solomon Peter Alamieyeseigha (DSP) was a Nigerian politician who was Governor of Bayelsa State in Nigeria from 29 May 1999 to 9 December 2005.
  2. List of governors of Bayelsa State
    
    This is a list of administrators and governors of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Bayelsa State was formed in 1996 from part of Rivers State.
2. Hilla Becher, German photographer and educator (b. 1934) deaths
  1. Hilla Becher
    
    Hilla Becher was a German conceptual photographer. Becher was well known for her industrial photographs, or typologies, with longtime collaborator and husband, Bernd Becher. Her career spanned more than 50 years and included photographs from the United States, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Great Britain, Belgium, Switzerland, Luxembourg, and Italy.
3. Manorama, Indian (Tamil) actress (b. 1937) deaths
  1. Manorama (Tamil actress)
    
    Gopishantha, better known by her stage name Manorama, also called Aachi, was an Indian actress, playback singer and comedian who had appeared in more than 1000 films and 5000 stage performances and several television series predomninantely in the Tamil language until 2015. She was a recipient of the Kalaimamani award. In 2002, Government of India awarded Manorama the Padma Shri for her contribution to the arts. She received the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in the film Pudhiya Padhai (1989) and Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award – South (1995).
  2. Tamils
    
    The Tamil people, also known as Tamilar, or simply Tamils, are a Dravidian ethno-linguistic group who trace their ancestry mainly to India’s southern state of Tamil Nadu, union territory of Puducherry and to Sri Lanka. Tamils who speak the Tamil Language and are born in Tamil clans are considered Tamilians. Tamils constitute 5.9% of the population in India, 15% in Sri Lanka, 7% in Malaysia, 6% in Mauritius, and 5% in Singapore.
4. Steve Mackay, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1949) deaths
  1. Steve Mackay
    
    Steve Mackay was an American tenor saxophonist best known for his membership in the Stooges. His performances are showcased on three songs on the band's second album, Fun House (1970).
5. Sybil Stockdale, American activist, co-founded the National League of Families (b. 1924) deaths
  1. Sybil Stockdale
    
    Sybil Elizabeth Stockdale was an American campaigner for families of Americans missing in South East Asia.
  2. National League of POW/MIA Families
    
    The National League of Families of American Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia, commonly known as the National League of POW/MIA Families or the League, is an American 501(c)(3) humanitarian organization that is concerned with the Vietnam War POW/MIA issue. According to the group's web site, its sole purpose is "to obtain the release of all prisoners, the fullest possible accounting for the missing and repatriation of all recoverable remains of those who died serving our nation during the Vietnam War in Southeast Asia." The League's most prominent symbol is its famous flag.
2014
1. Olav Dale, Norwegian saxophonist and composer (b. 1958) deaths
  1. Olav Dale
    
    Olav Dale was a Norwegian composer, orchestra leader and jazz saxophonist. In addition to saxophone he played other woodwinds. He received little formal education in music, but he completed studies at the Voss Folk High School and the Toneheim Folk High School (1976–78).
2. Damiana Eugenio, Filipino author and academic (b. 1921) deaths
  1. Damiana Eugenio
    
    Damiana Ligon Eugenio was a Filipino female author and professor who was known as the Mother of Philippine Folklore, a title she received in 1986. Apart from teaching at the University of the Philippines, she has several publications in the field of Philippine folklore, among them a series of seven books which she compiled and edited.
3. Valeri Karpov, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1971) deaths
  1. Valeri Karpov
    
    Valeri Yevgenievich Karpov was an ice hockey player who played in the Soviet Hockey League and National Hockey League. He competed for Traktor Chelyabinsk and HC CSKA Moscow in Russia before moving to North America. He was drafted 56th overall by the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft and joined the team the next season, but struggled to maintain a place in the Ducks roster, bouncing around the minor leagues. He played 76 regular season games for the Ducks over three seasons, scoring 14 goals and 15 assists for 29 points, collecting 32 penalty minutes. He returned to Russia in 1997, spending three seasons with Metallurg Magnitogorsk, helping them win the RSL title in 1999. After spells with HC Lada Togliatti and HC Dynamo Moscow, he returned to Metallurg Magnitogorsk in 2001, where he stayed for another four years. He was inducted into the Russian and Soviet Hockey Hall of Fame in 1993 and retired in 2005.
4. Lari Ketner, American football and basketball player (b. 1977) deaths
  1. Lari Ketner
    
    Lari Arthur Ketner was an American professional basketball player. A 6-foot-9-inch (2.06 m), 277-pound (126 kg) forward/center, Ketner played college basketball at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, and was selected by the Chicago Bulls with the 49th overall pick of the 1999 NBA draft.
5. Pavel Landovský, Czech actor, director, and playwright (b. 1936) deaths
  1. Pavel Landovský
    
    Pavel Landovský, nicknamed Lanďák, was a Czech actor, playwright, and director. He was a prominent dissident under the communist regime of former Czechoslovakia.
6. Ed Nimmervoll, Austrian-Australian journalist, historian, and author (b. 1947) deaths
  1. Ed Nimmervoll
    
    Edward Charles Nimmervoll was an Australian music journalist, author and historian. He worked on rock and pop magazines Go-Set (1966–1974) and Juke Magazine (1975–92) both as a journalist and as an editor. From 2000, Nimmervoll was editor of HowlSpace, a website detailing Australian rock/pop music history, providing artist profiles, news and video interviews. He was an author of books on the same subject and co-authored books with musicians including Brian Cadd and Renée Geyer.
2013
1. Scott Carpenter, American commander, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1925) deaths
  1. Scott Carpenter
    
    Malcolm Scott Carpenter was an American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, aeronautical engineer, astronaut, and aquanaut. He was one of the Mercury Seven astronauts selected for NASA's Project Mercury in April 1959. Carpenter was the second American to orbit the Earth and the fourth American in space, after Alan Shepard, Gus Grissom, and Glenn.
2. Jay Conrad Levinson, American author and educator (b. 1933) deaths
  1. Jay Conrad Levinson
    
    Jay Conrad Levinson was an American business writer, known as author of the 1984 book Guerrilla marketing.
3. Sohei Miyashita, Japanese politician, Japanese Minister of Defense (b. 1927) deaths
  1. Sohei Miyashita
    
    Sohei Miyashita was a Japanese politician. He held different cabinet posts.
  2. Minister of Defense (Japan)
    
    The Minister of Defense , or Bōei-shō (防衛相), is a member of the Japanese cabinet and is the leader of the Japanese Ministry of Defense, the executive department of the Japanese Armed Forces. The minister of defense’s position of command and authority over the military is second only to that of the Prime Minister of Japan, who is the commander-in-chief. The minister of defense is appointed by the Prime Minister and is a member of the National Security Council. The current Minister of Defense is Yasukazu Hamada, who took office on August 10, 2022.
4. Cal Smith, American singer and guitarist (b. 1932) deaths
  1. Cal Smith
    
    Calvin Grant Shofner, known professionally as Cal Smith, was an American country musician, most famous for his 1974 hits "Country Bumpkin" and "It's Time to Pay the Fiddler".
2012
1. Sam Gibbons, American captain and politician (b. 1920) deaths
  1. Sam Gibbons
    
    Sam Melville Gibbons was an American politician from the state of Florida, who served in the Florida State House of Representatives, Florida State Senate, and the U.S. House of Representatives. He represented the city of Tampa in Congress for over 30 years.
2. Alex Karras, American football player, wrestler, and actor (b. 1935) deaths
  1. Alex Karras
    
    Alexander George Karras was an American football player, professional wrestler, sportscaster, and actor. He was a four-time Pro Bowl player with the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL), where he played from 1958 to 1970. As an actor, Karras played Mongo in the 1974 comedy film Blazing Saddles. He starred as George Papadopolis, the adoptive father of Webster Long, in the ABC sitcom Webster (1983–1989) alongside his wife Susan Clark. Karras also had a prominent role in Victor/Victoria, starring Julie Andrews and James Garner. He is a member of the College Football Hall of Fame and was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in the Centennial class.
3. Piotr Lenartowicz, Polish philosopher and educator (b. 1934) deaths
  1. Piotr Lenartowicz
    
    Piotr Lenartowicz was a Polish philosopher, vitalist, professor of philosophy at the Jesuit University of Philosophy and Education Ignatianum, jesuit.
4. Basil L. Plumley, American sergeant (b. 1920) deaths
  1. Basil L. Plumley
    
    Basil Leonard Plumley was a career soldier and airborne combat infantryman in the United States Army who rose to the rank of command sergeant major. As a combat veteran of World War II and the Vietnam War, he is most noted for his actions during the Battle of Ia Drang in Vietnam.
5. Mark Poster, American philosopher and educator (b. 1941) deaths
  1. Mark Poster
    
    Mark Poster was Professor Emeritus of History and Film and Media Studies at UC Irvine, where he also taught in the Critical Theory Emphasis. He was pivotal to "bringing French critical theory to the U.S., and went on to analyse contemporary media."
6. Kyaw Zaw, Burmese commander and politician (b. 1919) deaths
  1. Kyaw Zaw
    
    Kyaw Zaw was one of the founders of the Tatmadaw and a member of the legendary "Thirty Comrades" who trained in Japan in the struggle for independence from Britain. He was also one of the leaders of the Communist Party of Burma, and had lived in exile in Yunnan Province, China, since 1989 after retiring from politics.
2011
1. Jagjit Singh, Indian singer-songwriter (b. 1941) deaths
  1. Jagjit Singh
    
    Jagjit Singh was an Indian composer, singer and musician. He composed and sang in numerous languages and is credited for the revival and popularity of ghazal, an Indian classical art form, by choosing poetry that was relevant to the masses and composing them in a way that laid more emphasis on the meaning of words and melody evoked by them. In terms of Indian classical music, his style of composing and gayaki (singing) is considered as Bol-pradhan, one that lays emphasis on words. He highlighted this in his music for films such as Prem Geet (1981), Arth (1982), and Saath Saath (1982), and TV serials Mirza Ghalib (1988) and Kahkashan (1991). Singh is considered to be the most successful ghazal singer and composer of all time in terms of critical acclaim and commercial success. With a career spanning five decades and many albums, the range and breadth of his work has been regarded as genre-defining.
2010
1. Solomon Burke, American singer-songwriter and preacher (b. 1940) deaths
  1. Solomon Burke
    
    Solomon Vincent McDonald Burke was an American singer who shaped the sound of rhythm and blues as one of the founding fathers of soul music in the 1960s. He has been called "a key transitional figure bridging R&B and soul", and was known for his "prodigious output".
2. Joan Sutherland, Australian-Swiss soprano and actress (b. 1926) deaths
  1. Joan Sutherland
    
    Dame Joan Alston Sutherland, was an Australian dramatic coloratura soprano known for her contribution to the renaissance of the bel canto repertoire from the late 1950s through to the 1980s.
2009
1. Stephen Gately, Irish singer-songwriter, dancer, and actor (b. 1976) deaths
  1. Stephen Gately
    
    Stephen Patrick David Gately was an Irish singer, who, with Ronan Keating, was co-lead singer of the pop group Boyzone; all of Boyzone's studio albums during Gately's lifetime hit number one in the United Kingdom, their third being their most successful internationally. With Boyzone, Gately had a record-breaking sixteen consecutive singles enter the top five of the UK Singles Chart. He performed for millions of fans globally. He released a solo album in 2000, after the group's initial break-up, which charted in the UK top ten and yielded three UK hit singles, including the top three hit "New Beginning". Gately went on to appear variously in stage productions and on television programmes as well as contributing songs to various projects. In 2008, he rejoined his colleagues as Boyzone reformed for a series of concerts and recordings.
2008
1. Kazuyoshi Miura, Japanese businessman (b. 1947) deaths
  1. Kazuyoshi Miura (businessman)
    
    Kazuyoshi Miura was a Japanese businessman who was accused of being involved in the killing of his wife, Kazumi Miura. The prolonged legal battle, lasting decades, ended when he presumably committed suicide in October 2008.
2006
1. Michael John Rogers, English ornithologist and academic (b. 1932) deaths
  1. Michael John Rogers
    
    Michael ('Mike') John Rogers was an English ornithologist and Honorary Secretary to the British Birds Rarities Committee.
2. Ian Scott, Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1934) deaths
  1. Ian Scott (Ontario politician)
    
    Ian Gilmour Scott was a Canadian politician and lawyer. He was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1985 to 1992 who represented the downtown Toronto ridings of St. David and St. George—St. David. He was a cabinet minister in the government of David Peterson serving as Attorney General of Ontario and Solicitor General. Along with Robert Nixon and Sean Conway, he was considered to be "the intellectual heart and soul" of the Peterson cabinet.
2005
1. Wayne C. Booth, American educator and critic (b. 1921) deaths
  1. Wayne C. Booth
    
    Wayne Clayson Booth was an American literary critic. He was the George M. Pullman Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus in English Language & Literature and the College at the University of Chicago. His work followed largely from the Chicago school of literary criticism.
2. Milton Obote, Ugandan politician, 2nd President of Uganda (b. 1925) deaths
  1. Milton Obote
    
    Apollo Milton Obote was a Ugandan political leader who led Uganda to independence from British colonial rule in 1962. Following the nation's independence, he served as prime minister of Uganda from 1962 to 1966 and the second president of Uganda from 1966 to 1971, then again from 1980 to 1985.
  2. President of Uganda
    
    The president of the Republic of Uganda is the head of state and the head of government of Uganda. The president leads the executive branch of the government of Uganda and is the commander-in-chief of the Uganda People's Defence Force.
2004
1. Ken Caminiti, American baseball player (b. 1963) deaths
  1. Ken Caminiti
    
    Kenneth Gene Caminiti was an American third baseman who spent 15 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) with the Houston Astros, San Diego Padres (1995–1998), Texas Rangers (2001) and Atlanta Braves (2001). He was named the National League (NL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) with San Diego in 1996, and is a member of the Padres Hall of Fame. He died of a cocaine and heroin drug overdose on October 10, 2004.
2. Christopher Reeve, American actor, producer, and activist (b. 1952) deaths
  1. Christopher Reeve
    
    Christopher D'Olier Reeve was an American actor, best known for playing the title character in the film Superman (1978) and three sequels.
3. Arthur H. Robinson, American geographer and cartographer (b. 1915) deaths
  1. Arthur H. Robinson
    
    Arthur H. Robinson was an American geographer and cartographer, who was professor in the Geography Department at the University of Wisconsin–Madison from 1947 until he retired in 1980. He was a prolific writer and influential philosopher on cartography, and one of his most notable accomplishments is the Robinson projection of 1961.
4. Maurice Shadbolt, New Zealand author and playwright (b. 1932) deaths
  1. Maurice Shadbolt
    
    Maurice Francis Richard Shadbolt was a New Zealand writer and occasional playwright.
2003
1. Eila Hiltunen, Finnish sculptor (b. 1922) deaths
  1. Eila Hiltunen
    
    Eila Vilhelmina Hiltunen was a Finnish sculptor. She is most famous for the Sibelius Monument (1967). A statue by Hiltunen resembling a smaller version of the Sibelius Monument stands on the grounds of the United Nations headquarters in New York City.
2. Eugene Istomin, American pianist (b. 1925) deaths
  1. Eugene Istomin
    
    Eugene George Istomin was an American pianist. He was a winner of the Leventritt Award and recorded extensively as a soloist and in a piano trio in which he collaborated with Isaac Stern and Leonard Rose.
2002
1. Josh Giddey, Australian basketball player births
  1. Josh Giddey
    
    Joshua Giddey is an Australian professional basketball player for the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was selected by the Thunder with the sixth overall pick in the 2021 NBA draft. Giddey is the youngest player in NBA history to record a triple-double, having done so at 19 years, 84 days old. He also became the first player since Hall of Famer Oscar Robertson in 1961 to record three consecutive triple-doubles as a rookie.
2001
1. Eddie Futch, American boxer and trainer (b. 1911) deaths
  1. Eddie Futch
    
    Eddie Futch was an American boxing trainer. Among the fighters he trained are Joe Frazier, Ken Norton, Larry Holmes, and Trevor Berbick, four of the five men to defeat Muhammad Ali. Futch also trained Riddick Bowe and Montell Griffin when they handed future Hall of Fame fighters Evander Holyfield and Roy Jones Jr. their first professional defeats. In Baltimore, Maryland, the Futch Gym boxing gymnasium is named after the trainer. He also trained Ireland’s first ever WBC World Champion, Wayne McCullough. Eddie Futch was married to Eva Marlene Futch from March 21, 1996 until his death. Futch often called her "The love of his life."
2. Vasily Mishin, Russian engineer (b. 1917) deaths
  1. Vasily Mishin
    
    Vasily Pavlovich Mishin was a Russian engineer in the Soviet Union, and a prominent rocket pioneer, best remembered for the failures in the Soviet space program that took place under his leadership.
2000
1. Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (b. 1916) deaths
  1. Sirimavo Bandaranaike
    
    Sirima Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike, commonly known as Sirimavo Bandaranaike (මැතිනිය), was a Sri Lankan politician. She was the world's first female prime minister when she became Prime Minister of Sri Lanka in 1960. She chaired the Sri Lanka Freedom Party from 1960 to 1994 and served three terms as prime minister, two times as the chief executive, 1960 to 1965 and 1970 to 1977, and once again in a presidential system from 1994 to 2000, governing under the presidency of her daughter Chandrika Kumaratunga.
  2. Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
    
    The Prime Minister of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is the head and most senior member of parliament in the cabinet of ministers. It is the second-most powerful position in Sri Lanka's executive branch behind the president, who is the constitutional chief executive. The Cabinet is collectively held accountable to parliament for their policies and actions.
1998
1. Clark Clifford, American captain, lawyer, and politician 9th United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1906) deaths
  1. Clark Clifford
    
    Clark McAdams Clifford was an American lawyer who served as an important political adviser to Democratic presidents Harry S. Truman, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, and Jimmy Carter. His official government positions were White House Counsel (1946–1950), Chairman of the President's Intelligence Advisory Board (1963–1968), and Secretary of Defense (1968–1969); Clifford was also influential in his role as an unofficial, informal presidential adviser in various issues. A successful Washington lawyer, he was known for his elite clientele, charming manners, and impeccable suits.
  2. United States Secretary of Defense
    
    The United States secretary of defense (SecDef) is the head of the United States Department of Defense, the executive department of the U.S. Armed Forces, and is a high ranking member of the federal cabinet. The secretary of defense's position of command and authority over the military is second only to that of the president of the United States, who is the commander-in-chief. This position corresponds to what is generally known as a defense minister in many other countries. The secretary of defense is appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate, and is by custom a member of the Cabinet and by law a member of the National Security Council.
2. Marvin Gay, Sr., American minister (b. 1914) deaths
  1. Marvin Gay Sr.
    
    Marvin Pentz Gay Sr. was an American Pentecostal minister. He was the father of American recording artists Marvin Gaye and Frankie Gaye and gained notoriety after shooting and killing his son Marvin on April 1, 1984, following an argument at their home.
3. Tommy Quaid, Irish hurler and manager (b. 1957) deaths
  1. Tommy Quaid
    
    Tommy Quaid was an Irish sportsperson. He played hurling at various times with his local clubs Feohanagh-Castlemahon and Effin and was the goalkeeper on the Limerick senior inter-county team from 1976 until 1993. Quaid was regarded as one of the greatest goalkeepers of his generation.
1997
1. Vinnie Pasquantino, American baseball player births
  1. Vinnie Pasquantino
    
    Vincent Joseph Pasquantino is an American professional baseball first baseman for the Kansas City Royals of Major League Baseball (MLB).
2. Michael J. S. Dewar, Indian-born American theoretical chemist who developed the Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson model (b. 1918) deaths
  1. Michael J. S. Dewar
    
    Michael James Steuart Dewar was an American theoretical chemist.
  2. Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson model
    
    The Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson model is a model in organometallic chemistry that explains the chemical bonding in transition metal alkene complexes. The model is named after Michael J. S. Dewar, Joseph Chatt and L. A. Duncanson.
1996
1. Sami Niku, Finnish ice hockey player births
  1. Sami Niku
    
    Sami Niku is a Finnish professional ice hockey defenceman currently playing with JYP Jyväskylä of the Liiga. Niku was selected by the Winnipeg Jets in the 7th round of the 2015 NHL Entry Draft.
1995
1. Brenko Lee, Australian-born Tongan rugby league player births
  1. Brenko Lee
    
    Brenko Lee is a Tonga international rugby league footballer who plays as a centre and winger for the Dolphins in the NRL.
2. Courtland Sutton, American football player births
  1. Courtland Sutton
    
    Courtland Sutton is an American football wide receiver for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at SMU, and was selected by the Broncos in the second round of the 2018 NFL Draft.
1994
1. Ilya Mikheyev, Russian ice hockey player births
  1. Ilya Mikheyev
    
    Ilya Andreyevich Mikheyev is a Russian professional ice hockey right winger for the Vancouver Canucks of the National Hockey League (NHL).
2. Marquez Valdes-Scantling, American football player births
  1. Marquez Valdes-Scantling
    
    Marquez Reshard Valdes-Scantling is an American football wide receiver for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at NC State and South Florida, and was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in the fifth round of the 2018 NFL Draft.
3. Tereza Smitková, Czech tennis player births
  1. Tereza Smitková
    
    Tereza Smitková is a Czech tennis player.
4. Bae Suzy, South Korean singer, actress and model births
  1. Bae Suzy
    
    Bae Su-ji, better known as Bae Suzy, is a South Korean singer, actress and model. She was a member of the girl group Miss A under JYP Entertainment. She made her debut as an actress with television series Dream High (2011) and has gone on to appear in series such as Gu Family Book (2013), Uncontrollably Fond (2016), While You Were Sleeping (2017), Vagabond (2019), Start-Up (2020), and Anna (2022). She made her film debut in Architecture 101 (2012). Since her successful film debut, she has been hailed as "The Nation's First Love" in her home country.
1993
1. Lourdes Gurriel Jr., Cuban baseball player births
  1. Lourdes Gurriel Jr.
    
    Lourdes Yunielki Gurriel Castillo Jr. is a Cuban professional baseball left fielder for the Toronto Blue Jays of Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for Sancti Spíritus and the Industriales of the Cuban National Series before defecting from Cuba. Gurriel was ranked as one of the top international prospects available following his defection.
2. Jayden Stockley, English footballer births
  1. Jayden Stockley
    
    Jayden Connor Stockley is an English professional footballer who plays as a striker for EFL League One side Charlton Athletic.
1991
1. Michael Carter-Williams, American basketball player births
  1. Michael Carter-Williams
    
    Michael Carter-Williams is an American professional basketball player. He was drafted in the first round with the 11th overall pick in the 2013 NBA draft by the Philadelphia 76ers, after playing college basketball for the Syracuse Orange. He was named NBA Rookie of the Year in 2014, and he has also played for the Milwaukee Bucks, Chicago Bulls, Charlotte Hornets, Houston Rockets, and Orlando Magic.
2. Gabriella Cilmi, Australian singer-songwriter and producer births
  1. Gabriella Cilmi
    
    Gabriella Lucia Cilmi is an Australian pop singer. A contralto, Cilmi is known for her distinctive raspy singing voice.
3. Lali Espósito, Argentinian actress and singer births
  1. Lali Espósito
    
    Mariana Espósito, known professionally as Lali Espósito, is an Argentine singer, actress, dancer and model.
4. Mariana Pajón, Colombian cyclist births
  1. Mariana Pajón
    
    Mariana Pajón Londoño ODB is a Colombian cyclist, two-time Olympic gold medalist and BMX World Champion.
5. Xherdan Shaqiri, Swiss footballer births
  1. Xherdan Shaqiri
    
    Xherdan Shaqiri is a Swiss professional footballer who plays as a winger for Major League Soccer club Chicago Fire and the Switzerland national team.
6. Nickolaus Hirschl, Austrian wrestler, discus thrower, and shot putter (b. 1906) deaths
  1. Nickolaus Hirschl
    
    Nickolaus "Mickey" Hirschl was an Austrian Olympic-medal-winning wrestler. He was also a European heavyweight wrestling champion, and for 10 years held the title of Austrian heavyweight wrestling champion. He was also an Austrian shot put and discus junior champion, Austrian heavyweight weightlifting junior champion, and for seven years the Austrian pentathlon champion.
1990
1. Geno Smith, American football player births
  1. Geno Smith
    
    Eugene Cyril "Geno" Smith III is an American football quarterback for the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at West Virginia, leading the Mountaineers to multiple bowl games, breaking numerous passing records, and garnering multiple awards before getting drafted by the New York Jets in the second round of the 2013 NFL Draft. After two inconsistent seasons as the Jets' starting quarterback, Smith eventually lost his starting position due to injuries in his final two years with the team. He then spent time as a backup for the New York Giants, Los Angeles Chargers, and Seattle Seahawks before unexpectedly making a career resurgence as the Seahawks' starting quarterback in 2022.
2. Tom Murton, American penologist and activist (b. 1928) deaths
  1. Tom Murton
    
    Thomas O. Murton was a penologist best known for his wardenship of the prison farms of Arkansas. In 1969, he published an account of the endemic corruption there which created a national scandal, and which was popularized in a fictional version by the film Brubaker.
3. Nikolaos Pavlopoulos, Greek sculptor and academic (b. 1909) deaths
  1. Nikolaos Pavlopoulos
    
    Nikolaos Pavlopoulos was a Greek sculptor and writer. His education in his years in Volos, he learned himself with calligraphy, music and theatre. When he finished at the Practical Lyceum at Volos, he moved to Athens where he became a sculptor at the school where his teacher was Thomas Thomopoulos. He was an academic wood and marble sculptor. Works that had presented in Greece and around the world. He was awarded at international event which happened in Paris, Rome, Florence, etc. After his death, the "Sculptor Nicolas Public Museum" is named after himself which features some of his great works.
1989
1. Emer Kenny, English actress and screenwriter births
  1. Emer Kenny
    
    Emer Gwynne Morganna Kenny is a British actress and screenwriter.
2. Aimee Teegarden, American actress and producer births
  1. Aimee Teegarden
    
    Aimee Teegarden is an American actress, model, and producer. She starred as Julie Taylor in the NBC drama Friday Night Lights (2006–2011). In 2014, Teegarden starred as Emery Whitehill in The CW's short-lived science fiction romantic drama Star-Crossed.
1988
1. Luis Cardozo, Paraguayan footballer births
  1. Luis Cardozo
    
    Luis Carlos Cardozo is a Paraguayan football centre back and full back who played for Mexican club Monarcas Morelia, on loan from Cerro Porteño.
2. Shaun Fensom, Australian rugby league player births
  1. Shaun Fensom
    
    Shaun Fensom is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played as a lock and second-row forward in the 2000s and 2010s.
3. Brown Ideye, Nigerian footballer births
  1. Brown Ideye
    
    Aide Brown Ideye is a Nigerian professional footballer who plays as a striker for the Nigeria national team.
4. Rose McIver, New Zealand actress births
  1. Rose McIver
    
    Frances Rose McIver is a New Zealand actress. She starred as Olivia "Liv" Moore in The CW supernatural comedy-drama series iZombie (2015–2019) and played Summer Landsdown the Yellow Ranger in Power Rangers RPM (2009). She also played the role of Amber Moore in the romantic comedy film A Christmas Prince (2017) and its two sequels The Royal Wedding (2018), and The Royal Baby (2019).
5. Emmanuel Nwachi, Nigerian footballer births
  1. Emmanuel Nwachi
    
    Emmanuel Ikechukwu Nwachi is a Nigerian football forward.
6. Toby Smith, Australian-New Zealand rugby player births
  1. Toby Smith (rugby union)
    
    Toby Smith is a retired Australian rugby union player. He played prop for the Chiefs, Rebels andHurricanes in Super Rugby, and for the Australian national rugby union team internationally.
1987
1. Rodjun Cruz, Filipino actor and dancer births
  1. Rodjun Cruz
    
    Rodolfo Othello Cruz Ilustre, Jr., known professionally as Rodjun Cruz, is a Filipino actor, dancer and singer. He is the brother of fellow actor and dancer Rayver Cruz.
2. Ryan Mathews, American football player births
  1. Ryan Mathews (American football)
    
    Ryan Jefforey Mathews is a former American football running back. He played college football at Fresno State. He was drafted by the San Diego Chargers in the first round, 12th overall, in the 2010 NFL Draft. He was selected to the Pro Bowl in 2011.
3. Colin Slade, New Zealand rugby player births
  1. Colin Slade
    
    Colin Richard Slade is a retired New Zealand professional rugby union player. He played primarily at first five-eighth, as well as all other backline positions on occasions. He was first selected for the All Blacks in 2009. He was a key member of the 2011 Rugby World Cup winning team. He was also included in the 2015 Rugby World Cup, but played in only one match against Namibia. He thus became one of only 20 players who have won the Rugby World Cup on multiple occasions.
4. Junior Madozein, Central African basketball player births
  1. Junior Madozein
    
    Joseph Junior Ghislain Madozein is a Central African professional basketball player who last played for ASOPT of the Central African Division I Basketball League.
5. Behice Boran, Turkish Marxist politician, author and sociologist (b. 1910) deaths
  1. Behice Boran
    
    Behice Boran was a Turkish Marxist politician, author and sociologist. As a dissenting political voice from the left, Boran was repeatedly imprisoned for her work and died in exile after the Turkish military coup of 1980.
1986
1. Ezequiel Garay, Argentinian footballer births
  1. Ezequiel Garay
    
    Ezequiel Marcelo Garay González is an Argentine former professional footballer who played as a central defender.
2. Lucy Griffiths, English actress births
  1. Lucy Griffiths (actress, born 1986)
    
    Lucy Ursula Griffiths is an English actress known for her roles as Lady Marian in the BBC drama series Robin Hood (2006–09), as Nora Gainesborough, Eric Northman's vampire "sister", in the HBO horror series True Blood (2012–13) and as Emily Woodrow in the AMC supernatural drama series Preacher (2016).
3. Nathan Jawai, Australian basketball player births
  1. Nathan Jawai
    
    Nathan Leon Jawai is an Australian professional basketball player for the Darwin Salties of the NBL1 North. Standing at 209 cm, he plays at the power forward and centre positions.
4. Andrew McCutchen, American baseball player births
  1. Andrew McCutchen
    
    Andrew Stefan McCutchen is an American professional baseball outfielder who is a free agent. He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Pittsburgh Pirates, San Francisco Giants, New York Yankees, Philadelphia Phillies and Milwaukee Brewers.
5. Ellen Andrea Wang, Norwegian bassist and composer births
  1. Ellen Andrea Wang
    
    Ellen Andrea Wang is a Norwegian jazz musician and composer. She is the cousin of singer-songwriter Marthe Wang. Raised in Søndre Land, Oppland, she released her debut album, Diving, in 2014. She formed the band Pixel in 2010. Wang has toured with Manu Katché and Marilyn Mazur and has performed with Sting.
6. Gleb Wataghin, Ukrainian-Italian physicist and academic (b. 1899) deaths
  1. Gleb Wataghin
    
    Gleb Vassielievich Wataghin was a Russian-Italian theoretical and experimental physicist and a great scientific leader who gave a great impulse to the teaching and research on physics in two continents: in the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and in the University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
1985
1. Dominique Cornu, Belgian cyclist births
  1. Dominique Cornu
    
    Dominique Cornu is a Belgian retired road and track cyclist from Flanders, who competed professionally between 2005 and 2015. He specialised in the time trial discipline.
2. Bronson Harrison, New Zealand rugby league player births
  1. Bronson Harrison
    
    Bronson Harrison is a New Zealand former professional rugby league footballer who played as a second-row forward in the 2000s and 2010s. He played for the Wests Tigers, Canberra Raiders and the St. George Illawarra Dragons in the NRL and represented the New Zealand Kiwis at international level, being a part of the 2008 World Cup winning squad.
3. Marina Diamandis, Welsh singer-songwriter and pianist births
  1. Marina Diamandis
    
    Marina Lambrini Diamandis, known mononymously as Marina, and previously by the stage name Marina and the Diamonds, is a Welsh singer and songwriter.
4. Sandra Záhlavová, Czech tennis player births
  1. Sandra Záhlavová
    
    Sandra Záhlavová is a Czech former tennis player.
5. Yul Brynner, Russian actor (b. 1920) deaths
  1. Yul Brynner
    
    Yuliy Borisovich Briner, known professionally as Yul Brynner, was a Russian-born actor. He was best known for his portrayal of King Mongkut in the Rodgers and Hammerstein stage musical The King and I, for which he won two Tony Awards, and later an Academy Award for Best Actor for the film adaptation. He played the role 4,625 times on stage and became known for his shaved head, which he maintained as a personal trademark long after adopting it for The King and I. Considered one of the first Russian-American film stars, he was honored with a ceremony to put his handprints in front of Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood in 1956, and also received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960.
6. Orson Welles, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1915) deaths
  1. Orson Welles
    
    George Orson Welles was an American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter, known for his innovative work in film, radio and theatre. He is considered to be among the greatest and most influential filmmakers of all time.
1984
1. Stephanie Cheng, Hong Kong singer births
  1. Stephanie Cheng
    
    Stephanie Cheng is a female cantopop singer in Hong Kong. She debuted under Go East Entertainment with the song "Grown Up" in 2003 and has since released more than six albums and EPs. She is best known for her song "Traffic Light" 紅綠燈 released in 2006; the song topped all four major radio stations in Hong Kong and garnered many year-end chart awards.
2. Jean-Baptiste Grange, French skier births
  1. Jean-Baptiste Grange
    
    Jean-Baptiste Grange is a French retired World Cup alpine ski racer. He competed primarily in slalom and earlier also in giant slalom and combined.
3. Lzzy Hale, American singer-songwriter and guitarist births
  1. Lzzy Hale
    
    Elizabeth Mae "Lzzy" Hale is an American musician, best known as the lead singer and rhythm guitarist of hard rock band Halestorm, which she co-founded with her brother Arejay Hale in 1997.
4. Ryan Hollins, American basketball commentator births
  1. Ryan Hollins
    
    Ryan Kenwood Hollins is an American former professional basketball player who is a color commentator for the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the UCLA Bruins. He was a 7-foot (2.1 m) center who was a journeyman in the NBA, playing for nine teams in 10 seasons. He played briefly in Europe before ending his career.
5. Chiaki Kuriyama, Japanese actress and singer births
  1. Chiaki Kuriyama
    
    Chiaki Kuriyama is a Japanese actress, singer, and model. She is best known in the West for her roles as Takako Chigusa in Kinji Fukasaku's 2000 film Battle Royale and Gogo Yubari in Quentin Tarantino's 2003 film Kill Bill: Volume 1.
6. Paul Posluszny, American football player births
  1. Paul Posluszny
    
    Paul Michael Posluszny is a former American football linebacker who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 11 seasons, primarily with the Jacksonville Jaguars. He played college football at Penn State University, where he earned consensus All-American honors twice, and was selected by the Buffalo Bills in the second round of the 2007 NFL Draft. After four years in Buffalo, Posluszny spent the remainder of his career with the Jaguars and earned Pro Bowl honors during the 2013 season.
7. Troy Tulowitzki, American baseball player births
  1. Troy Tulowitzki
    
    Troy Trevor Tulowitzki, nicknamed "Tulo", is an American retired professional baseball shortstop, who played 13 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), primarily with the Colorado Rockies. He also played for the Toronto Blue Jays and New York Yankees.
1983
1. Vusimuzi Sibanda, Zimbabwean cricketer births
  1. Vusi Sibanda
    
    Vusimuzi "Vusi" Sibanda is a Zimbabwean cricketer. He has played international cricket for the Zimbabwe cricket team in all three formats of the game. He also played for Midlands in the Logan Cup.
2. Nikos Spyropoulos, Greek footballer births
  1. Nikos Spyropoulos
    
    Nikos Spyropoulos is a Greek former professional footballer who played as a left-back.
3. Tolga Zengin, Turkish footballer births
  1. Tolga Zengin
    
    Tolga Zengin is a Turkish retired football goalkeeper.
4. Ralph Richardson, English actor (b. 1902) deaths
  1. Ralph Richardson
    
    Sir Ralph David Richardson was an English actor who, with John Gielgud and Laurence Olivier, was one of the trinity of male actors who dominated the British stage for much of the 20th century. He worked in films throughout most of his career, and played more than sixty cinema roles. From an artistic but not theatrical background, Richardson had no thought of a stage career until a production of Hamlet in Brighton inspired him to become an actor. He learned his craft in the 1920s with a touring company and later the Birmingham Repertory Theatre. In 1931 he joined the Old Vic, playing mostly Shakespearean roles. He led the company the following season, succeeding Gielgud, who had taught him much about stage technique. After he left the company, a series of leading roles took him to stardom in the West End and on Broadway.
1982
1. Yasser Al-Qahtani, Saudi Arabian footballer births
  1. Yasser Al-Qahtani
    
    Yasser Saeed Al-Qahtani is a former Saudi footballer who played as a forward for Al-Hilal FC in the Saudi Professional League. He was also captain of the Saudi Arabia national team. Yasser is widely recognized as one of the greatest Saudi footballers of the 21st century.
2. Amon Buchanan, Australian footballer births
  1. Amon Buchanan
    
    Amon Buchanan is a former Australian rules football who played for the Brisbane Lions and the Sydney Swans in the AFL. He is currently serving as the forwards coach of the Greater Western Sydney Giants.
3. David Cal, Spanish sprint canoeist births
  1. David Cal
    
    David Cal Figueroa is a Spanish sprint canoeist who has competed since 1999. Competing in three Summer Olympics, he has won five medals with a gold and four silvers. With this latest medal in the London 2012 Olympic Games, he became the Spanish athlete with more Olympic medals of all time.
4. Tony Khan, American sports executive births
  1. Tony Khan
    
    Antony Rafiq Khan is an American businessman, promoter, and sports executive known for his involvement in American football, professional wrestling and soccer. He is best known as the founder and co-owner of All Elite Wrestling (AEW), in which he also holds the positions of president, chief executive, general manager and executive producer of the promotion.
5. Dan Stevens, English actor births
  1. Dan Stevens
    
    Daniel Jonathan Stevens is a British actor and writer. He first drew international attention for his role as Matthew Crawley in the ITV acclaimed period drama series Downton Abbey (2010–2012). He also starred as David in the thriller film The Guest (2014), Sir Lancelot in the adventure film Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb (2014), The Beast/Prince in Disney's live action adaptation of Beauty and the Beast (2017), Lorin Willis in the biographical legal drama Marshall (2017), Charles Dickens in the biographical drama The Man Who Invented Christmas (2017) and Russian Eurovision singer Alexander Lemtov in Eurovision Song Contest: The Story of Fire Saga (2020). From 2017 to 2019, he starred as David Haller in the FX series Legion. In 2018, he starred in the Netflix horror-thriller Apostle.
6. Jean Effel, French painter and journalist (b. 1908) deaths
  1. Jean Effel
    
    Jean Effel, real name François Lejeune, was a French painter, caricaturist, illustrator and journalist. Mostly he considered himself to be a journalist and political commentator. His pseudonym is created by his initials F. L.
1981
1. Una Foden, Irish singer-songwriter and dancer births
  1. Una Healy
    
    Una Theresa Imogene Healy is an Irish singer. She rose to fame in 2008 as a member of five-piece girl group The Saturdays, who are signed to Fascination and Polydor Records. In 2006, she represented Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest, where she sang with Brian Kennedy on the song "Every Song Is a Cry for Love"; they placed tenth overall. Healy then auditioned for the Saturdays in 2007, after struggling to find success in her native country. Once she had successfully auditioned, she began recording music and releasing a number of hits.
2. Gavin Shuker, English lawyer and politician births
  1. Gavin Shuker
    
    Gavin Shuker is a British former politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Luton South from 2010 to 2019. Shuker was a Labour Party MP before defecting to form Change UK. He then left Change UK to become an Independent politician and was defeated at the 2019 election, coming third with 9.3% of the vote.
1980
1. Blaž Emeršič, Slovenian ice hockey player births
  1. Blaž Emeršič
    
    Blaž Emeršič is a Slovenian ice hockey player currently playing for Milton Keynes Lightning of the English Premier Ice Hockey League.
2. Casey FitzSimmons, American football player births
  1. Casey FitzSimmons
    
    Casey FitzSimmons is a former National Football League tight end. He played his whole career for the Detroit Lions.
3. Elvis Hammond, Ghanaian footballer births
  1. Elvis Hammond
    
    Elvis Zark Hammond is a retired Ghanaian footballer who last played for Kingstonian as a striker.
4. Tim Maurer, American singer-songwriter births
  1. Tim Maurer
    
    Timothy Robert Maurer is an American singer, best known as the former lead singer of third-wave ska band Suburban Legends. He has left the band on two occasions. The first was in 2000 after the recording of Origin Edition. He rejoined the band in early 2002 after his replacement singer Chris Batstone left the band. He officially left the band again in September 2005 after the band's third consecutive appearance on the Jerry Lewis MDA Telethon, performing a new song entitled "Moving Closer." The band's former trumpet player, Vincent Walker, rejoined the band for the performance, then took over as lead singer afterward. Maurer returned for a final performance with the band on November 29, 2005 at Huntington Beach High School for a benefit show for the Ryan Dallas Cook Memorial Fund, which was set up following the death of Suburban Legends' trombonist Dallas Cook.
1979
1. Kangta, South Korean singer-songwriter, producer, and actor births
  1. Kangta
    
    Ahn Chil-hyun, known professionally as Kangta, is a South Korean singer, composer, songwriter, record producer, actor and radio personality. He is well known as a member of boy band H.O.T.
2. Nicolás Massú, Chilean tennis player births
  1. Nicolás Massú
    
    Nicolás Alejandro Massú Fried, nicknamed El Vampiro, is a Chilean former professional tennis player. A former world No. 9 in singles, he won the singles and doubles gold medals at the 2004 Athens Olympics. He is the only man to have won both gold medals at the same Games since the re-introduction of Olympic tennis in 1988, and they are Chile's only two Olympic gold medals. Massú also reached the final of the 2003 Madrid Masters and won six singles titles. He is presently the coach of 2020 US Open champion and former world No. 3 Dominic Thiem.
3. Mýa, American singer-songwriter, producer, dancer, and actress births
  1. Mya (singer)
    
    Mya Marie Harrison, , is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actress. Born into a musical family, she studied ballet, jazz, and tap dance as a child. Initially, Mýa began her career as a VJ and dance posse member on BET's Teen Summit. During her stint at BET, she developed an interest in music which lead to independent deal from the guidance of CEO Haqq Islam. Signed in 1996 to Interscope Records, she released her eponymous debut album in April 1998. A critical and commercial success, the album produced her first top ten single "It's All About Me". Subsequent singles, "Ghetto Supastar " and "Take Me There", continued to raise her profile and attained chart success worldwide, with the former garnering her first Grammy nomination. Fear of Flying, her second album, was released in April 2000 and became a worldwide success, boosted by the success of its singles "Case of the Ex" and "Free". Harrison continued her rise to prominence in 2002 when she won her first Grammy Award in the category for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals for her rendition of Labelle's 1975 hit "Lady Marmalade" along with Pink, Christina Aguilera and Lil' Kim, which topped the charts globally.
4. Joel Przybilla, American basketball player births
  1. Joel Przybilla
    
    Joel Przybilla is an American retired professional basketball player who played the center position for 13 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA).
5. Hitomi Satō, Japanese actress births
  1. Hitomi Sato (actress)
    
    Hitomi Satō is a Japanese actress. She has appeared in more than forty films since 1996.
6. Christopher Evans, English psychologist, computer scientist, and author (b. 1931) deaths
  1. Christopher Evans (computer scientist)
    
    Christopher Riche Evans was a British psychologist, computer scientist, and author.
7. Paul Paray, French organist, composer, and conductor (b. 1886) deaths
  1. Paul Paray
    
    Paul Marie-Adolphe Charles Paray was a French conductor, organist and composer. He was the resident conductor of the Detroit Symphony Orchestra from 1952 until 1963.
1978
1. Scott Dobie, English footballer births
  1. Scott Dobie
    
    Robert Scott Dobie is a Scottish former footballer who played as a striker.
2. Jodi Lyn O'Keefe, American model and actress births
  1. Jodi Lyn O'Keefe
    
    Jodi Lyn O'Keefe is an American actress, model, and fashion designer. She came to prominence as Cassidy Bridges on the television series Nash Bridges (1996–2001) and played Gretchen Morgan on Prison Break (2007–2009), Jo Laughlin on The Vampire Diaries (2014–2017), and Lionel Davenport on Hit the Floor (2014–2018). Her film credits include Halloween H20 (1998) and She's All That (1999).
3. Naomi Levari, Israeli film producer and director births
  1. Naomi Levari
    
    Naomi Levari is an Israeli film producer and director.
4. Ralph Marterie, Italian-American trumpet player and bandleader (b. 1914) deaths
  1. Ralph Marterie
    
    Ralph Marterie was an Italian big-band leader born in Acerra, Italy.
5. Ralph Metcalfe, American sprinter and politician (b. 1910) deaths
  1. Ralph Metcalfe
    
    Ralph Harold Metcalfe Sr. was an American track and field sprinter and politician. He jointly held the world record in the 100-meter dash and placed second in that event in two Olympics, first to Eddie Tolan in 1932 at Los Angeles and then to Jesse Owens at the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, Germany. Metcalfe won four Olympic medals and was regarded as the world's fastest human in 1934 and 1935. He later went into politics in the city of Chicago and served in the United States Congress for four terms in the 1970s as a Democrat from Illinois.
1977
1. Angelo Muscat, Maltese-English actor (b. 1930) deaths
  1. Angelo Muscat
    
    Angelo Muscat was a Maltese-born British character actor. He is primarily recalled for his role as the mute butler in the 1967 television series The Prisoner.
1976
1. Bob Burnquist, Brazilian-American skateboarder births
  1. Bob Burnquist
    
    Robert Dean Silva Burnquist is a Brazilian-American professional skateboarder who competed for Brazil throughout his career. In 2010, he became the first skateboarder to land a "fakie 900", making Burnquist the fifth person in history to successfully complete the 900 trick.
2. Pat Burrell, American baseball player births
  1. Pat Burrell
    
    Patrick Brian Burrell, nicknamed "Pat the Bat", is an American former professional baseball outfielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Philadelphia Phillies, Tampa Bay Rays, and San Francisco Giants. Burrell won two World Series championships. During his playing days, he stood 6 feet 4 inches (1.93 m) tall, weighing 235 pounds (107 kg). He batted and threw right-handed.
3. Shane Doan, Canadian ice hockey player births
  1. Shane Doan
    
    Shane Albert Doan is a Canadian professional ice hockey executive and former player currently serving as chief hockey development officer for the Arizona Coyotes of the National Hockey League (NHL). Doan spent the entirety of his 21-season NHL career with the Coyotes franchise, beginning with the Winnipeg Jets in 1995 before playing in Arizona for two decades. He was the last remaining player active in the NHL from the original Winnipeg Jets franchise before he announced his retirement in the summer of 2017.
4. Silvana Armenulić, Bosnian singer and actress (b. 1939) deaths
  1. Silvana Armenulić
    
    Silvana Bajraktarević, known professionally as Silvana Armenulić, was a Bosnian singer-songwriter and actress and one of the most prominent commercial folk music and traditional sevdalinka singers in Yugoslavia. She is called the "Queen of Sevdalinka". Her life was cut short when she died in a car crash at the age of 37, but she continues to be well regarded in the region and she is recognized for her unique singing style and voice. Armenulić's song "Šta će mi život", written by her friend and contemporary Toma Zdravković, is one of the best-selling singles from the former Yugoslavia.
5. Mirsada Mirjana Bajraktarević, Bosnian singer-songwriter (b. 1951) deaths
  1. Mirjana Bajraktarević
    
    Mirsada Bajraktarević, known professionally as Mirjana Bajraktarević, was a Bosnian sevdalinka singer and songwriter. She was the sister of Silvana Armenulić and Dina Bajraktarević. Mirjana and Silvana died in a car crash.
1975
1. Ihsahn, Norwegian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer births
  1. Ihsahn
    
    Vegard Sverre Tveitan, better known by his stage name Ihsahn, is a Norwegian multi-instrumentalist, vocalist and composer, best known for his work with black metal band Emperor. Tveitan is also a founding member of Thou Shalt Suffer, where he played guitar and keyboard in addition to vocal duties, and Peccatum, a project in collaboration with his wife and fellow musician Heidi Solberg Tveitan, also known as Starofash. Since 2006, Tveitan has primarily devoted himself to solo albums and occasional guest appearances.
2. Ramón Morales, Mexican footballer and manager births
  1. Ramón Morales
    
    Ramón Morales Higuera is a Mexican former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.
3. Plácido Polanco, Dominican-American baseball player births
  1. Plácido Polanco
    
    Plácido Enrique Polanco is a Dominican-American former professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals, Philadelphia Phillies, Detroit Tigers and Miami Marlins. He was a second baseman, third baseman, and shortstop. He was twice voted to start in Major League Baseball All-Star Games: in 2007, and again in 2011. Plácido Polanco retired with the highest all-time career fielding percentage for second basemen at 99.27% and the highest all-time career fielding percentage for third basemen at 98.34% which still appear to be records.
1974
1. Asi Cohen, Israeli actor and screenwriter births
  1. Assi Cohen
    
    Assi Cohen is an Israeli comedian and actor. He is best known for his appearances in the feature film Colombian Love, as well as for television performances in Love Hurts, "Rak BeYsrael" with his comedy duo of "Assi and Guri", his role in Mesudarim, and for his part in Eretz Nehederet, where he has impersonated Avigdor Lieberman, Raleb Majadele, and Uri Geller among others.
2. Oded Kattash, Israeli basketball player and coach births
  1. Oded Kattash
    
    Oded Kattash is an Israeli professional basketball coach for Maccabi Tel Aviv and former player. During his playing career, at a height of 194 cm tall, he played at the point guard position. He was the 1998 Israeli Basketball Premier League MVP. As a player, he won the EuroLeague title in the 1999–2000 season, while playing with Panathinaikos.
3. Julio Ricardo Cruz, Argentinian footballer births
  1. Julio Cruz (Argentine footballer)
    
    Julio Ricardo Cruz is an Argentine former footballer. He played for clubs in Argentina, the Netherlands and Italy before retiring in 2010. The longest spell of his career was spent with Internazionale, with whom he won four consecutive Serie A titles, among other honours. A large and physical player, who was known for his ability in the air, he usually played as a striker but he has even played as a winger, as an attacking midfielder, and as a centre-forward. In 2015, he opened his own charity foundation, the Julio Cruz Foundation.
4. Dale Earnhardt Jr., American race car driver and actor births
  1. Dale Earnhardt Jr.
    
    Ralph Dale Earnhardt Jr. is an American semi-retired professional stock car racing driver, team owner, author, and an analyst for NASCAR on NBC. He currently competes part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 88 Chevrolet Camaro for his team JR Motorsports and part-time in the CARS Late Model Stock Tour, driving the No. 3 Chevrolet Camaro for his team JR Motorsports. He is the son of Dale Earnhardt Sr., who was inducted into the NASCAR Hall of Fame. He is also the grandson of NASCAR driver Ralph Earnhardt, the brother of Kelley Earnhardt-Miller, the half-brother of former driver Kerry Earnhardt and the uncle of driver Jeffrey Earnhardt.
5. Lucy Powell, English politician births
  1. Lucy Powell
    
    Lucy Maria Powell is a British politician serving as Shadow Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport since 2021. A member of the Labour and Co-operative parties, she has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Manchester Central since 2012.
6. Chris Pronger, Canadian ice hockey player births
  1. Chris Pronger
    
    Christopher Robert Pronger is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman and a former advisor to the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League (NHL).
7. Werner Heyking, Danish actor (b. 1913) deaths
  1. Werner Heyking
    
    Werner Jannick Heyking was a Danish actor who was active in television films and serials during the 1960s and early 1970s.
8. Joseph Wulf, German-Polish historian (b. 1912) deaths
  1. Joseph Wulf
    
    Joseph Wulf was a German-Polish Jewish historian. A survivor of the Auschwitz concentration camp, he was the author of several books about Nazi Germany and the Holocaust, including Das Dritte Reich und die Juden ; Heinrich Himmler (1960); and Martin Bormann: Hitlers Schatten (1962). The House of the Wannsee Conference museum in Berlin houses the Joseph Wulf Library in his honour.
1973
1. Mario Lopez, American actor, television personality, and producer births
  1. Mario Lopez
    
    Mario Lopez is an American actor and television host. He has appeared on several television series, in films, and on Broadway. He is known for his portrayal of A.C. Slater on Saved by the Bell, Saved by the Bell: The College Years, and the 2020 sequel series. He has appeared in numerous projects since, including the third season of Dancing with the Stars and as host for the syndicated entertainment news magazine shows Extra and Access Hollywood. He has also hosted America's Best Dance Crew for MTV. In 2012, he co-hosted the second season of the American version of The X Factor with Khloé Kardashian, and was the sole host for the third and final season.
2. Scott Morriss, English bass player and songwriter births
  1. Scott Morriss
    
    Scott Edward Morriss is an English bass player and illustrator, best known as a member of The Bluetones. He is the younger brother of frontman Mark Morriss, and played in Mark's backing group, The Mummys.
3. Zach Thornton, American soccer player and coach births
  1. Zach Thornton
    
    Zach Thornton is an American former goalkeeper who spent 16 seasons in Major League Soccer with the New York/New Jersey MetroStars (1996–97), Chicago Fire (1998–2006), Colorado Rapids (2007), New York Red Bulls (2008) and Chivas USA (2008–11). He was the starting goalkeeper for the Fire when it won MLS Cup '98 in its inaugural year. He, Chris Armas,. and C. J. Brown are the only three Fire players to be a part of all six of the club's domestic championships from 1998 through 2006.
4. Ludwig von Mises, Ukrainian-American economist and sociologist (b. 1881) deaths
  1. Ludwig von Mises
    
    Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises was an Austrian School economist, historian, logician, and sociologist. Mises wrote and lectured extensively on the societal contributions of classical liberalism. He is best known for his work on praxeology studies comparing communism and capitalism. He is considered one of the most influential economic and political thinkers of the 20th century.
1972
1. Jun Lana, Filipino director, producer, playwright, and screenwriter births
  1. Jun Lana
    
    Rodolfo R. Lana Jr., known professionally as Jun Robles Lana, is a Filipino filmmaker. The winner of 11 Palanca Awards for Literature, he became the youngest member of the Palanca Hall of Fame in 2006. In 2015, he directed the actual one-shot film, Shadow Behind The Moon, which won the Best Director, NETPAC and FIPRESCI awards at the 13th Pacific Meridian Film Festival. At the 20th International Film Festival of Kerala, he won the Best Director award for the same film.
2. Dean Roland, American singer-songwriter and guitarist births
  1. Dean Roland
    
    Michael Dean Roland is an American musician and songwriter. He is best known for being the rhythm guitarist of the band Collective Soul, an alternative rock band fronted by his brother Ed. He is also part of the rock duo Magnets & Ghosts alongside Ryan Potesta.
3. Alexei Zhitnik, Ukrainian-Russian ice hockey player births
  1. Alexei Zhitnik
    
    Oleksiy Mykolaiovych "Alexei" Zhitnik is a Ukrainian former professional ice hockey defenceman. Zhitnik has played more games in the National Hockey League (NHL) (1,085) than any other Ukrainian born defenceman. He has represented the Soviet Union, CIS, and Russia internationally. His number, 13, has been honored by Sokil Kyiv.
1971
1. Graham Alexander, English-Scottish footballer and manager births
  1. Graham Alexander
    
    Graham Alexander is a professional football manager and former player who was most recently the manager of Scottish Premiership club Motherwell. In a lengthy playing career, Alexander represented Scunthorpe United, Luton Town, Preston North End and Burnley. He also made 40 international appearances for Scotland.
2. Ian Bennett, English footballer births
  1. Ian Bennett (footballer)
    
    Ian Michael Bennett is an English former footballer who played as a goalkeeper from 1989 to 2014, most notably representing Birmingham City between 1993 and 2005. He is currently the goalkeeping coach at Doncaster.
3. Evgeny Kissin, Russian pianist births
  1. Evgeny Kissin
    
    Evgeny Igorevich Kissin is a Russian concert pianist and composer. He became a British citizen in 2002 and an Israeli citizen in 2013. He first came to international fame as a child prodigy. He has a wide repertoire and is especially known for his interpretations of the works of the Romantic era, particularly those of Franz Schubert, Frédéric Chopin, Robert Schumann, Franz Liszt, Johannes Brahms, Sergei Rachmaninoff, and Ludwig van Beethoven. He is commonly viewed as a great successor of the Russian piano school because of the depth, lyricism and poetic quality of his interpretations.
4. John Cawte Beaglehole, New Zealand historian and scholar (b. 1901) deaths
  1. John Beaglehole
    
    John Cawte Beaglehole was a New Zealand historian whose greatest scholastic achievement was the editing of James Cook's three journals of exploration, together with the writing of an acclaimed biography of Cook, published posthumously. He had a lifelong association with Victoria University College, which became Victoria University of Wellington, and after his death it named the archival collections after him.
1970
1. Dean Kiely, Irish footballer births
  1. Dean Kiely
    
    Dean Laurence Kiely is a former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He is the goalkeeping coach at Premier League club Crystal Palace and the Republic of Ireland national team. Born in England, he won eleven caps for the Republic of Ireland as a player. Kiely has previously worked as the goalkeeping coach at West Bromwich Albion and Norwich City.
2. Silke Kraushaar-Pielach, German sled racer births
  1. Silke Kraushaar-Pielach
    
    Silke Kraushaar-Pielach is a German luger who competed from 1995 to 2008. In June 2008, she was named sports manager for the luge section of Bob- und Schlittenverband für Deutschland.
3. Matthew Pinsent, English rower and sportscaster births
  1. Matthew Pinsent
    
    Sir Matthew Clive Pinsent, is an English rower and broadcaster. During his rowing career, he won 10 world championship gold medals and four consecutive Olympic gold medals.
4. Édouard Daladier, French captain and politician, 105th Prime Minister of France (b. 1884) deaths
  1. Édouard Daladier
    
    Édouard Daladier was a French Radical-Socialist (centre-left) politician, and the Prime Minister of France who signed the Munich Agreement before the outbreak of World War II.
  2. Prime Minister of France
    
    The prime minister of France, officially the prime minister of the French Republic, is the head of government of the French Republic and the leader of the Council of Ministers.
1969
1. Manu Bennett, New Zealand-Australian actor births
  1. Manu Bennett
    
    Jonathan Manu Bennett is a New Zealand actor. He is primarily known for portraying characters in epic fantasy works, such as Crixus in the TV series Spartacus, Allanon in The Shannara Chronicles, Slade Wilson / Deathstroke in Arrow, and Azog the Defiler in The Hobbit trilogy.
2. Francis Escudero, Filipino lawyer and politician births
  1. Francis Escudero
    
    Francis Joseph "Chiz" Guevara Escudero is a Filipino lawyer and politician serving as a Senator since 2022, and previously from 2007 to 2019. He recently served as governor of Sorsogon from 2019 to 2022, and was the representative for Sorsogon's 1st district from 1998 to 2007, as well as House Minority Leader from 2004 to 2007. He unsuccessfully ran for vice president of the Philippines in the 2016 elections as the running mate of Grace Poe.
3. Brett Favre, American football player births
  1. Brett Favre
    
    Brett Lorenzo Favre is an American former football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 20 seasons, primarily with the Green Bay Packers. Favre had 321 consecutive starts from 1992 to 2010, including 297 regular season games, the most in league history. He was also the first NFL quarterback to obtain 70,000 yards, 10,000 passes, 6,000 completions, 500 touchdowns, 200 wins, and victories over all 32 teams.
4. Shawn Jamison, American basketball player and coach births
  1. Shawn Jamison
    
    Shawn Jamison is a basketball coach and former professional player, who last played in England for the Milton Keynes Lions.
5. Wendi McLendon-Covey, American actress births
  1. Wendi McLendon-Covey
    
    Wendi McLendon-Covey is an American actress and comedian. She is known primarily for her work in comedic and improvisational roles. Since 2013, McLendon-Covey has played the role of Beverly Goldberg, a family matriarch, on the ABC comedy series The Goldbergs, for which she was nominated for two Critics' Choice Television Awards for Best Actress in a Comedy Series.
6. Dilsa Demirbag Sten, Swedish journalist and author births
  1. Dilsa Demirbag Sten
    
    Dilşa Demirbağ-Sten is a Kurdish-Swedish author and journalist. She is the Secretary General of Berättarministeriet, a foundation she co-founded together with Robert Weil and Sven Hagströmer in 2011.
1968
1. Bart Brentjens, Dutch cyclist births
  1. Bart Brentjens
    
    Bart Jan-Baptist Marie Brentjens is a Dutch racing cyclist in mountain biking.
2. Feridun Düzağaç, Turkish singer-songwriter births
  1. Feridun Düzağaç
    
    Feridun Düzağaç is a Turkish rock music singer and songwriter, usually known for his pessimistic and melancholic songs.
3. Chris Ofili, British painter births
  1. Chris Ofili
    
    Christopher Ofili, is a British Turner Prize-winning painter who is best known for his paintings incorporating elephant dung. He was one of the Young British Artists. Since 2005, Ofili has been living and working in Trinidad and Tobago, where he currently resides in Port of Spain. He also lives and works in London and Brooklyn.
4. Marinos Ouzounidis, Greek footballer and manager births
  1. Marinos Ouzounidis
    
    Marinos Ouzounidis is a Greek football manager and former professional player. He was most recently manager of Al-Faisaly.
1967
1. Michael Giacchino, American composer births
  1. Michael Giacchino
    
    Michael Giacchino is an American composer of music for films, television and video games. He has also served as a director for television. He has received many awards, including an Oscar for his work on Up (2009), an Emmy for his work on Lost (2004), and three Grammys for his work on Ratatouille (2007) and Up (2009).
2. Jonathan Littell, American-French author and humanitarian births
  1. Jonathan Littell
    
    Jonathan Littell is a writer living in Barcelona. He grew up in France and the United States and is a citizen of both countries. After acquiring his bachelor's degree he worked for a humanitarian organisation for nine years, leaving his job in 2001 in order to concentrate on writing. His first novel written in French, The Kindly Ones, won two major French awards, including the Prix Goncourt and the Prix de l'Académie française.
3. Mike Malinin, American drummer and producer births
  1. Mike Malinin
    
    Michael Theodore Malinin is an American musician known for his work as drummer of the Goo Goo Dolls. He has been drumming for Tanya Tucker since 2016.
4. Gavin Newsom, American businessman and politician, 40th and current Governor of California births
  1. Gavin Newsom
    
    Gavin Christopher Newsom is an American politician and businessman who has been the 40th governor of California since 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the 49th lieutenant governor of California from 2011 to 2019 and the 42nd mayor of San Francisco from 2004 to 2011.
  2. Governor of California
    
    The governor of California is the head of government of the U.S. state of California. The governor is the commander-in-chief of the California National Guard and the California State Guard.
5. Jacek Zieliński, Polish footballer and coach births
  1. Jacek Zieliński (footballer, born 1967)
    
    Jacek Marek Zieliński is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a defender. He used to work as an assistant manager of the Poland national team. From December 2021, he is the sporting director of Legia Warsaw.
1966
1. Tony Adams, English footballer and manager births
  1. Tony Adams
    
    Tony Alexander Adams is an English former football manager and player. Adams played for Arsenal and England, captaining both teams. He spent his entire playing career of 19 years as a centre back at Arsenal, making 672 total appearances. He is considered one of the greatest Arsenal players of all time by the club's own fans and was included in the Football League 100 Legends.
2. Bai Ling, Chinese-American model and actress births
  1. Bai Ling
    
    Bai Ling is a Chinese-American actress known for her work in the films The Crow, Nixon, Red Corner, Crank: High Voltage, Dumplings, Wild Wild West, Anna and the King, Southland Tales, and Maximum Impact, as well as TV shows Entourage and Lost. Notably, she won the Best Supporting Actress awards at the 2004 Hong Kong Film Awards and the 2004 Golden Horse Awards in Taiwan for her role in Dumplings.
3. Derrick McKey, American basketball player births
  1. Derrick McKey
    
    Derrick Wayne McKey is an American former basketball player who played most of his National Basketball Association (NBA) career at the small forward and the power forward positions.
4. Charlotte Cooper, English-Scottish tennis player (b. 1870) deaths
  1. Charlotte Cooper (tennis)
    
    Charlotte "Chattie" Cooper Sterry was an English female tennis player who won five singles titles at the Wimbledon Championships and in 1900 became Olympic champion. In winning in Paris on 11 July 1900, she became the first female Olympic tennis champion as well as the first individual female Olympic champion.
5. Louise Thuliez, French school teacher, resistance fighter during World War I and World War II and author (b. 1881) deaths
  1. Louise Thuliez
    
    Louise Thuliez was a French schoolteacher, resistance fighter during World War I and World War II and author.
1965
1. Toshi, Japanese singer-songwriter and producer births
  1. Toshi (musician)
    
    Toshimitsu Deyama , known exclusively by his stage name Toshi, is a Japanese singer and songwriter who is the lead vocalist and a co-founder of the rock band X Japan, who rose to prominence in the late 1980s and early 1990s and is credited as founders of the visual kei movement. Toshi began an extensive solo career in 1992 before leaving X Japan at the end of 1997. Toshi laments he was "brainwashed" by a group called Home of Heart, whose leader would control his musical output for the next 12 years. In 2007, X Japan reunited and began a world tour. Toshi severed ties with Home of Heart in January 2010 and renewed his solo career. His distinctive, impassioned tenor vocals have been compared to those of Steve Perry. In January 2018, he began to use the stage name Toshi Ryugen .
2. Chris Penn, American actor (d. 2006) births
  1. Chris Penn
    
    Christopher Shannon Penn was an American actor. He was the brother of actor Sean Penn and musician Michael Penn. Noted as a skilled character actor from a prominent acting dynasty, he was typically cast as a tough character, featured as a villain or a working-class thug, or in a comic role and was known for his roles in such films as The Wild Life, Reservoir Dogs, The Funeral, Footloose, Rush Hour, Corky Romano, True Romance, Beethoven's 2nd, Short Cuts, The Boys Club, All the Right Moves, At Close Range, Pale Rider, and Starsky & Hutch. During his career Penn had won the Volpi Cup for Best Actor for his performance in The Funeral. He also provided the voice of the corrupt, ruthless cop Edward "Eddie" Pulaski in the video game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas.
3. Rebecca Pidgeon, American-English singer-songwriter and actress births
  1. Rebecca Pidgeon
    
    Rebecca Pidgeon is an American actress who has appeared on stage and in feature films, and a singer, songwriter and recording artist. She is married to American playwright David Mamet.
1964
1. Sarah Lancashire, English actress and director births
  1. Sarah Lancashire
    
    Sarah-Jane Abigail Lancashire is an English actress from Oldham, England. She graduated from the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in 1986 and began her career in local theatre, whilst teaching drama classes at the Salford University. Lancashire was cast in television programmes including Coronation Street, Where the Heart Is (1997–1999), Clocking Off (2000) and Seeing Red (2000) and earned widespread recognition. In July 2000, Lancashire signed a two-year golden handcuffs contract with the ITV network which made her the UK's highest paid television actress.
2. Crystal Waters, American singer-songwriter, musician and producer births
  1. Crystal Waters
    
    Crystal Waters is an American house and dance music singer and songwriter, best known for her 1990s dance hits "Gypsy Woman", "100% Pure Love", and 2007's "Destination Calabria" with Alex Gaudino. All three of her studio albums produced a Top 40 hit on the Billboard Hot 100. In December 2016, Billboard magazine ranked her as one of the most successful dance artists of all time. Her accolades include six ASCAP Songwriter awards, three American Music Award nominations, an MTV Video Music Award nod, four Billboard Music Awards and twelve No. 1 Billboard Dance Chart hits. Her hit song "Gypsy Woman” has been sampled hundreds of times. Though her music sales have yet to be re-certified, Waters has sold over 7 million records worldwide.
3. Eddie Cantor, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actor (b. 1892) deaths
  1. Eddie Cantor
    
    Eddie Cantor was an American comedian, actor, dancer, singer, songwriter, film producer, screenwriter and author. Familiar to Broadway, radio, movie, and early television audiences, this "Apostle of Pep" was regarded almost as a family member by millions because his top-rated radio shows revealed intimate stories and amusing anecdotes about his wife Ida and five daughters. Some of his hits include "Makin' Whoopee", "Ida ", "If You Knew Susie", "Ma! He's Making Eyes at Me", “Mandy”, "My Baby Just Cares for Me”, "Margie", and "How Ya Gonna Keep 'em Down on the Farm ?" He also wrote a few songs, including "Merrily We Roll Along", the Merrie Melodies Warner Bros. cartoon theme.
4. Heinrich Neuhaus, Ukrainian-Russian pianist and educator (b. 1888) deaths
  1. Heinrich Neuhaus
    
    Heinrich Gustav Neuhaus was a Russian-born pianist and teacher of German and Polish extraction. Part of a musical dynasty, he grew up in a Polish-speaking household. He taught at the Moscow Conservatory from 1922 to 1964. He was made a People's Artist of the RSFSR in 1956. His piano textbook The Art of Piano Playing (1958) is regarded as one of the most authoritative and widely used approaches to the subject.
1963
1. Jolanda de Rover, Dutch swimmer births
  1. Jolanda de Rover
    
    Jolanda de Rover is a female former backstroke swimmer from the Netherlands.
2. Anita Mui, Hong Kong singer and actress (d. 2003) births
  1. Anita Mui
    
    Anita Mui Yim-fong was a Hong Kong singer and actress who made major contributions to the Cantopop music scene and received numerous awards and honours. She remained an idol throughout her career, and is regarded as a Cantopop diva. She was dubbed as the "daughter of Hong Kong" and is considered one of the most iconic Cantopop singers.
3. Daniel Pearl, American-Israeli journalist (d. 2002) births
  1. Daniel Pearl
    
    Daniel Pearl was an American journalist who worked for The Wall Street Journal. He was kidnapped and later decapitated by terrorists in Pakistan.
4. Vegard Ulvang, Norwegian skier births
  1. Vegard Ulvang
    
    Vegard Ulvang is a Norwegian cross-country skier who won three Olympic gold medals, two silver, and one bronze. He has retired from international and Olympic competition. At the opening ceremony of the 1994 Winter Olympic Games, he took the ceremonial Olympic Oath on part of all the athletes. In addition to his Olympic achievements, he received the Holmenkollen medal in 1991, and won the World Cup in 1990. He has also won nine gold, six silver, and two bronze medals in the Norwegian Championships. He earned nine World Cup race victories. Ulvang also won the 50 km at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1989, 1991 and 1992.
5. Roy Cazaly, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1893) deaths
  1. Roy Cazaly
    
    Roy Cazaly was an Australian rules footballer who played for South Melbourne and St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He also represented Victoria and Tasmania in interstate football, and after his retirement as a player, turned to coaching. Known for his ruck work and high-flying marks, he inspired the common catchphrase "Up there, Cazaly!", which in 1979 became a popular song of the same name, securing his place in Australian folklore.
6. Édith Piaf, French singer-songwriter and actress (b. 1915) deaths
  1. Édith Piaf
    
    Édith Piaf was a French singer, lyricist and actress. Noted as France's national chanteuse, she was one of the country's most widely known international stars.
1962
1. Thomas Rusch, German photographer births
  1. Thomas Rusch
    
    Thomas Rusch is a German photographer living in Berlin, Hamburg and Paris.
2. Stancho Belkovski, Bulgarian-Polish architect (b. 1891) deaths
  1. Stancho Belkovski
    
    Stancho Belkovski (1891–1962), was a Bulgarian architect.
1961
1. Scott Hoffman, American drummer births
  1. Scott Hoffman
    
    Scott Hoffman is an American rock drummer. He is best known for his years playing with Southern rock band 38 Special, from 1992 - 1997.
2. Henrik Jørgensen, Danish runner (d. 2019) births
  1. Henrik Jørgensen (runner)
    
    Henrik Høve Jørgensen was a Danish marathon runner, who won the London Marathon in 1988. He finished 5th in 1985 in 2:09.43 hours – this time remains the Danish national record and stood as the Nordic record for over 30 years until beaten by Sondre Nordstad Moen in 2017. Born in Herlev, Jørgensen represented his native country in the men's marathon at the 1984 and the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. He was a two-time national champion in the men's 5000 m.
3. Martin Kemp, English singer-songwriter and bass player births
  1. Martin Kemp
    
    Martin John Kemp is an English musician and actor, best known as the bassist in the new wave band Spandau Ballet and for his role as Steve Owen in EastEnders.
1960
1. Ron Flockhart, Canadian ice hockey player births
  1. Ron Flockhart (ice hockey)
    
    Ronald Everett Flockhart is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He is the brother of Rob Flockhart.
2. Eric Martin, American singer-songwriter births
  1. Eric Martin (musician)
    
    Eric Lee Martin is an American rock singer and musician who was active throughout the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s, both as a solo artist and as a member of various bands. He earned his most prominent success as the frontman for the hard rock band Mr. Big, which scored a big hit in the early 1990s with "To Be with You", a song that Martin wrote during his teen years.
3. Russell Slade, English football manager births
  1. Russell Slade
    
    Russell Mark Slade is an English professional football manager, who was most recently managerial consultant of League Two club Stevenage.
4. Paul Thiebaud, American art dealer (d. 2010) births
  1. Paul Thiebaud
    
    Paul LeBaron Thiebaud was an American art dealer who owned two influential galleries, one in New York City and the other in San Francisco. He exhibited the work of a host of lesser-known artists whom he felt it was his role to bring to a wider public audience, in addition to the work of his father, the noted pop painter Wayne Thiebaud.
5. Simon Townshend, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer births
  1. Simon Townshend
    
    Simon Townshend is a British guitarist, singer and songwriter. He is the younger brother of the Who's guitarist Pete Townshend, and is most associated with The Who and the various side projects of its original members. Simon Townshend has also performed with numerous other acts including Pearl Jam, Dave Grohl and Jeff Beck.
1959
1. Michael Cobley, English-Scottish author births
  1. Michael Cobley
    
    Michael Cobley is a British science fiction and fantasy author from Glasgow.
2. Kirsty MacColl, English singer-songwriter (d. 2000) births
  1. Kirsty MacColl
    
    Kirsty Anna MacColl was a British singer and songwriter, daughter of folk singer Ewan MacColl. She recorded several pop hits in the 1980s and 1990s, including "There's a Guy Works Down the Chip Shop Swears He's Elvis" and cover versions of Billy Bragg's "A New England" and The Kinks' "Days." Her song "They Don't Know" was covered with great success by Tracey Ullman. MacColl also sang on recordings produced by her then-husband Steve Lillywhite, most notably "Fairytale of New York" by The Pogues. Her death in 2000 has led to the Justice for Kirsty campaign.
3. Bill Rammell, English academic and politician, Minister of State for the Armed Forces births
  1. Bill Rammell
    
    William Ernest Rammell is a British Labour Party politician, who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Harlow from 1997 until 2010, and served as a Minister of State in several departments from 2002. From August 2012 to December 2019 he was Vice-Chancellor of the University of Bedfordshire. He was chair of the university consortium MillionPlus from June to December 2019. In August 2021 he became president of the University of Kurdistan Hewler in Iraqi Kurdistan.. In September 2022 he became the President of Zoom Abroad, a UK based Ed-tech company.
  2. Minister of State for the Armed Forces
    
    The minister of state for the armed forces, is a junior ministerial position at the Ministry of Defence in the Government of the United Kingdom.
4. Julia Sweeney, American actress, comedian, producer, and screenwriter births
  1. Julia Sweeney
    
    Julia Anne Sweeney is an American actress, comedian, and author, who gained fame as a cast member on Saturday Night Live from 1990 to 1994. She played Mrs. Keeper in the film Stuart Little and voiced Brittany in Father of the Pride. She recently appeared in the Hulu series Shrill, the Showtime series Work in Progress, and the Starz series American Gods.
5. Bradley Whitford, American actor and producer births
  1. Bradley Whitford
    
    Bradley Whitford is an American actor and producer. He is best known for his portrayal of White House Deputy Chief of Staff Josh Lyman in the NBC television political drama The West Wing (1999–2006), for which he was nominated for three consecutive Primetime Emmy Awards from 2001 to 2003, winning in 2001. The role earned him three consecutive Golden Globe Award nominations.
6. Arif Peçenek, Turkish football player and manager (d. 2013) births
  1. Arif Peçenek
    
    Arif Peçenek was a Turkish football player and manager. Born in Ankara, he began his club football career with the capital club Ankara Güneşspor in 1976. Prosperous goalkeeper continued to play respectively in Ankara Şekerspor, MKE Ankaragücü, İstanbulspor and Adana Demirspor until his retirement in 1995. He successfully inserts 23 national team caps. Peçenek who is associated with MKE Ankaragücü and perceived as one of the greatest players in the club's history inserts more than 200 caps for this club. With 192 first division inserts Peçenek is in the list of players with most premier league inserts for MKE Ankaragücü in 13th place. After ending his football career, he moved into coaching specialist. He assisted in Vanspor, Adanaspor and again Vanspor the head coach Ali Osman Renklibay as an assistant coach. In 1999/2000 season Peçenek took over Türk Telekomspor as his first head coaching experience. He supervised subsequently Körfez Belediyespor, Ankara Şekerspor and Kızılcahamam Belediyespor. From 2005 to 2010, he held the Youth Academy Development Coordinator with the MKE Ankaragücü. In November 2012, he was introduced for the TKI Tavşanlı Linyitspor. He died on 29 January 2013 due to a heart attack in Ankara.
1958
1. Tanya Tucker, American singer-songwriter and guitarist births
  1. Tanya Tucker
    
    Tanya Denise Tucker is an American country music singer and songwriter who had her first hit, "Delta Dawn", in 1972 at the age of 13. Over the succeeding decades, Tucker became one of the few child performers to mature into adulthood without losing her audience, and during the course of her career, she notched a streak of top-10 and top-40 hits. She has had several successful albums, several Country Music Association award nominations, and hit songs such as 1973's "What's Your Mama's Name?" and "Blood Red and Goin' Down", 1975's "Lizzie and the Rainman", 1988's "Strong Enough to Bend", and 1992's "Two Sparrows in a Hurricane". Tucker's 2019 album While I'm Livin' won the Grammy Award for Best Country Album, and "Bring My Flowers Now" from that same album won Tucker a shared songwriting Grammy for Best Country Song. Tucker's documentary The Return of Tanya Tucker Featuring Brandi Carlile was released to theaters Fall 2022.
1957
1. Rumiko Takahashi, Japanese author and illustrator births
  1. Rumiko Takahashi
    
    Rumiko Takahashi is a Japanese manga artist. With a career of several commercially successful works, beginning with Urusei Yatsura in 1978, Takahashi is one of Japan's best-known and wealthiest manga artists. Her works are popular worldwide, where they have been translated into a variety of languages, with over 200 million copies in circulation. She has won the Shogakukan Manga Award twice, once in 1980 for Urusei Yatsura and again in 2001 for Inuyasha, and the Seiun Award twice, once in 1987 for Urusei Yatsura and again in 1989 for Mermaid Saga. She also received the Grand Prix de la ville d'Angoulême in 2019, becoming the second woman and second Japanese to win the prize. In 2020, the Japanese government awarded Takahashi the Medal with Purple Ribbon for her contributions to the arts.
2. Karl Genzken, German physician (b. 1885) deaths
  1. Karl Genzken
    
    Karl August Genzken was a Nazi physician who conducted human experiments on prisoners of several concentration camps. He was a Gruppenführer of the Waffen-SS and the Chief of the Medical Office of the Waffen-SS. Genzken was tried as a war criminal in the Doctors' Trial at Nuremberg.
1956
1. Amanda Burton, Northern Irish actress and producer births
  1. Amanda Burton
    
    Irene Amanda Burton is a Northern Irish actress. Her notable credits include Heather Haversham in the Channel 4 soap opera Brookside (1982–1986), Beth Glover in the ITV drama series Peak Practice (1993–1995), Sam Ryan in the BBC crime drama series Silent Witness, Clare Blake in the ITV crime drama series The Commander (2003–2008), Karen Fisher in the BBC school-based drama series Waterloo Road (2010–2011), and Katherine Maguire in the ITV detective series Marcella (2020).
2. David Hempleman-Adams, English businessman and adventurer births
  1. David Hempleman-Adams
    
    Sir David Kim Hempleman-Adams, is an English industrialist and adventurer.
3. Taur Matan Ruak, East Timorese politician, 3rd President of East Timor births
  1. Taur Matan Ruak
    
    José Maria Vasconcelos, popularly known as Taur Matan Ruak, is an East Timorese politician who has served as the prime minister of East Timor since 22 June 2018. He was also President of East Timor from 20 May 2012 to 20 May 2017.
  2. President of East Timor
    
    The president of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste is the head of state of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste. The executive powers of the president are limited however, the president is also the ex officio head of the Council of State, able to veto legislation and is the supreme commander of the Timor Leste Defence Force.
1954
1. Rekha, Indian actress births
  1. Rekha
    
    Bhanurekha Ganesan, better known by her stage name Rekha, is an Indian actress who appears predominantly in Hindi films. Acknowledged as one of the finest actresses in Indian cinema, she has starred in more than 180 films and is the recipient of several accolades, including one National Film Award and three Filmfare Awards. She has often played strong and complicated female characters—from fictional to literary—in both mainstream and independent films. Though her career has gone through certain periods of decline, Rekha has gained a reputation for reinventing herself numerous times and has been credited for her ability to sustain her status. In 2010, the Government of India honoured her with Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honour.
2. David Lee Roth, American singer-songwriter and producer births
  1. David Lee Roth
    
    David Lee Roth is an American rock singer. Best known for his wild, energetic stage persona, he was the original lead vocalist of the hard rock band Van Halen across three stints, from 1974 to 1985, in 1996 and again from 2006 to their disbandment in 2020. He was also known as a successful solo artist, releasing numerous RIAA-certified Gold and Platinum albums. After more than two decades apart, Roth re-joined Van Halen in 2006 for a North American tour that became the highest-grossing in the band's history and one of the highest-grossing of that year. In 2012, Roth and Van Halen released the comeback album A Different Kind of Truth. In 2007, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Van Halen.
3. Fernando Santos, Portuguese footballer and manager births
  1. Fernando Santos (footballer, born 1954)
    
    Fernando Manuel Fernandes da Costa Santos is a Portuguese professional football manager and former player who played as a defender. He is the manager of the Portugal national team.
1953
1. Fiona Rae, Scottish painter births
  1. Fiona Rae
    
    Fiona Rae is a Hong Kong-born British artist. She is one of the Young British Artists (YBAs) who rose to prominence in the 1990s. Throughout her career, she has been known for having a portfolio of work that includes elements of energy, and complexity. Her work is known for aiming at expanding the modern traditions of painting.
2. Midge Ure, Scottish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer births
  1. Midge Ure
    
    James Ure is a Scottish musician, singer-songwriter and record producer. His stage name, Midge, is a phonetic reversal of Jim, the diminutive form of his actual name. Ure enjoyed particular success in the 1970s and 1980s in bands including Slik, Thin Lizzy, Rich Kids and Visage, and as the frontman of Ultravox. In 1984, he co-wrote and produced the charity single "Do They Know It's Christmas?", which has sold 3.7 million copies in the UK. The song is the second highest-selling single in UK chart history. Ure co-organised Band Aid, Live Aid and Live 8 with Bob Geldof. He acts as a trustee for the charity and also serves as an ambassador for Save the Children.
3. Aleksander Veingold, Estonian chess player and coach births
  1. Aleksander Veingold
    
    Aleksander Veingold is an Estonian chess player, who won the Estonian Chess Championship. He was awarded the Soviet Master title in 1975 and International Master title in 1983.
4. Gus Williams, American basketball player births
  1. Gus Williams (basketball)
    
    Gus Williams is an American former professional basketball player in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Nicknamed "the Wizard", he played for the Seattle SuperSonics, winning an NBA championship in 1979. He also played for the Golden State Warriors, Washington Bullets and Atlanta Hawks.
5. Erima Harvey Northcroft, New Zealand general, lawyer, and judge (b. 1884) deaths
  1. Erima Northcroft
    
    Sir Erima Harvey Northcroft was a New Zealand lawyer, judge, and military leader. His papers from the Tokyo War Crimes Trial are held by the University of Canterbury.
1952
1. Bob Nystrom, Swedish ice hockey player births
  1. Bob Nystrom
    
    Robert Thore Nystrom is a Swedish-Canadian former professional ice hockey right winger. He played for the New York Islanders of the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1972–86. He is best remembered as having scored the winning goal at the 7:11 mark of overtime to give the New York Islanders the 1980 Stanley Cup title. This signaled the first of four straight championships for the club. He was also among the last NHL players to not wear a helmet during a game.
2. Dela Smith, English educator births
  1. Dela Smith
    
    Dame Dela Smith DBE DL is a retired British schoolteacher and educator. She was Headteacher at Beaumont Hill Technology College, Darlington, from 1992 until she retired in 2010, after 35 years in the field of education. Beaumont Hill is Darlington's only special school and has the full range of pupils with special educational needs including emotional behavioural difficulties.
1951
1. Epeli Ganilau, Fijian general and politician, 16th Minister for Fijian Affairs births
  1. Epeli Ganilau
    
    Brigadier-General Ratu Epeli Ganilau, MC, MSD, is a former Fijian military officer and a retired politician. His career previously encompassed such roles as Commander of the Fiji Military Forces and Chairman of the Bose Levu Vakaturaga . On 15 January 2007 he was sworn in as Minister for Fijian Affairs in the interim Cabinet formed in the wake of the military coup which deposed the Qarase government on 5 December 2006.
  2. Minister for iTaukei Affairs
    
    The Minister for iTaukei Affairs is the Cabinet Minister responsible for the preservation of Fijian culture and for the economic and social development of indigenous Fijians and the Ministry of iTaukei Affairs. Before 2013, the position was called Minister for Fijian Affairs.
2. Kevin McFoy Dunn, American guitarist, songwriter and producer births
  1. Kevin Dunn (musician)
    
    Kevin Dunn, born 10 October 1951 in Jacksonville, Florida, is a guitarist, producer, and songwriter who first came to public notice in context of the fertile new wave scene that arose in Athens and Atlanta, GA, in the late 1970s. In 1975 he and collaborator Alfredo Villar formed the Fans, one of the first Southeastern bands for whom the influence of blues or country music was not primary, their chief inspiration lying instead in the British art rock of the era. The band issued three singles — the second of which, "Cars and Explosions", was produced by Mark Miller-Mundy and released on Dai Davies' Albion label, they disbanded in 1979.
1950
1. Charlie George, English footballer births
  1. Charlie George
    
    Frederick Charles George is an English former professional footballer who played as a forward.
2. Nora Roberts, American author births
  1. Nora Roberts
    
    Nora Roberts is an American author of more than 225 romance novels. She writes as J. D. Robb for the in Death series and has also written under the pseudonyms Jill March and for publications in the U.K. as Sarah Hardesty.
1949
1. Warren Burt, American-Australian composer births
  1. Warren Burt
    
    Warren Burt is an Australia-based composer of American birth. He is known for composing in a wide variety of new music styles, ranging from acoustic music, electroacoustic music, sound art installations, and text-based music. Burt often employs elements of improvisation, microtonality, humour, live interaction, and lo-fi electronic techniques into his music.
2. Lance Cairns, New Zealand cricketer births
  1. Lance Cairns
    
    Bernard Lance Cairns is a former all-rounder who played for the New Zealand cricket team, and is the father of New Zealand cricketer Chris Cairns.
3. Wang Wanxing, Chinese activist births
  1. Wang Wanxing
    
    Wang Wanxing is a prominent Chinese pro-democracy activist who was a prisoner of conscience for 13 years in Chinese detention centres and psychiatric institutions called Ankang. Wang was the only person to have been discharged from such an institution to a Western country. In 2005, he was released and now lives in exile in Germany.
4. Chikuhei Nakajima, Japanese engineer, businessman, and politician, founded Nakajima Aircraft Company (b. 1884) deaths
  1. Chikuhei Nakajima
    
    Chikuhei Nakajima , was a Japanese naval officer, engineer, and politician, who is most notable for having founded Nakajima Aircraft Company in 1917, a major supplier of airplanes in the Empire of Japan. He also served as a cabinet minister.
  2. Nakajima Aircraft Company
    
    The Nakajima Aircraft Company was a prominent Japanese aircraft manufacturer and aviation engine manufacturer throughout World War II. It continues as the car and aircraft manufacturer Subaru.
1948
1. Sue Campbell, Baroness Campbell of Loughborough, English academic and businesswoman births
  1. Sue Campbell, Baroness Campbell of Loughborough
    
    Susan Catherine Campbell, Baroness Campbell of Loughborough, is a British sports administrator who was chairman of UK Sport between 2003 and 2013.
2. Cyril Neville, American R&B percussionist and singer births
  1. Cyril Neville
    
    Cyril Garrett Neville is an American percussionist and vocalist who first came to prominence as a member of his brother Art Neville's funky New Orleans-based band, The Meters. He joined Art in the Neville Brothers band upon the dissolution of the Meters.
3. Séverine, French singer and actress births
  1. Séverine (singer)
    
    Séverine is a French singer.
4. Ted Horn, American race car driver (b. 1910) deaths
  1. Ted Horn
    
    Ted Horn, born Eylard Theodore Von Horn, was an American racecar driver. He won the AAA National Championship in 1946, 1947 and 1948 and collected 24 wins, 12 second-place finishes and 13 third-place finishes in 71 major American open-wheel races prior to his death at the DuQuoin State Fairgrounds at the age of 38.
1947
1. Gary Beach, American actor and singer (d. 2018) births
  1. Gary Beach
    
    Gary Beach was an American actor of stage, film and television. His roles included Roger De Bris in both the stage and film productions of The Producers, which won him a Tony Award, and Lumiere in the stage musical version of Disney's Beauty and the Beast, for which he was nominated for a Tony Award.
2. Giant Haystacks, English wrestler (d. 1998) births
  1. Giant Haystacks
    
    Martin Austin Ruane was an English professional wrestler of Irish parentage, best known by the ring name Giant Haystacks. He was one of the best-known wrestlers on the British wrestling scene in the 1970s and 1980s. He also worked in both Canada and the United States under the name Loch Ness Monster or simply Loch Ness.
3. Ojārs Arvīds Feldbergs, Latvian sculptor births
  1. Ojārs Arvīds Feldbergs
    
    Ojārs Arvīds Feldbergs is a Latvian sculptor. He founded the Pedvāle Open Air Museum in 1992.
1946
1. Charles Dance, English actor, director, and screenwriter births
  1. Charles Dance
    
    Walter Charles Dance is an English actor. He is known for playing strict, authoritarian characters and villains. His most notable film roles include Sardo Numspa in The Golden Child (1986), Dr. Jonathan Clemens in Alien 3 (1992), Benedict in Last Action Hero (1993), Lord Havelock Vetinari in Terry Pratchett's Going Postal (2010), the Master Vampire in Dracula Untold (2014), Alastair Denniston in The Imitation Game (2014), Alan Jonah in Godzilla: King of the Monsters (2019), and William Randolph Hearst in Mank (2020).
2. Naoto Kan, Japanese lawyer and politician, 61st Prime Minister of Japan births
  1. Naoto Kan
    
    Naoto Kan is a Japanese politician who was Prime Minister of Japan and President of the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) from June 2010 to September 2011. Kan was the first Prime Minister since the resignation of Junichiro Koizumi in 2006 to serve for more than one year, with his predecessors Yukio Hatoyama, Tarō Asō, Yasuo Fukuda, and Shinzō Abe either resigning prematurely or losing an election. On 26 August 2011, Kan announced his resignation. Yoshihiko Noda was elected as his successor. On 1 August 2012, United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon announced Kan would be one of the members of the UN high-level panel on the post-2015 development agenda.
  2. Prime Minister of Japan
    
    The prime minister of Japan is the head of government of Japan. The prime minister chairs the Cabinet of Japan and has the ability to select and dismiss its Ministers of State. The prime minister also serves as the civilian commander-in-chief of the Japan Self Defence Forces and as a sitting member of the House of Representatives. The individual is appointed by the emperor of Japan after being nominated by the National Diet and must retain the nomination of the lower house and answer to parliament to remain in office.
3. Peter Mahovlich, Canadian ice hockey player and coach births
  1. Peter Mahovlich
    
    Peter Joseph Mahovlich is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player, coach and executive. Known in his playing years as "Little M", as his older brother Frank was the "Big M", Mahovlich played in the National Hockey League (NHL) with several clubs, including the Montreal Canadiens, where he played with his brother and was a member of four Stanley Cup championship teams.
4. Anne Mather, English author and screenwriter births
  1. Anne Mather
    
    Anne Mather is the pseudonym used by Mildred Grieveson, a popular British author of over 160 romance novels. She also signed novels as Caroline Fleming and Cardine Fleming.
5. John Prine, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2020) births
  1. John Prine
    
    John Edward Prine was an American singer-songwriter of country-folk music. He was active as a composer, recording artist, live performer, and occasional actor from the early 1970s until his death. He was known for an often humorous style of original music that has elements of protest and social commentary.
6. Raymond Tallis, English physician, philosopher, author, and academic births
  1. Raymond Tallis
    
    Raymond C. Tallis is a philosopher, poet, novelist, cultural critic and a retired medical physician and clinical neuroscientist. Specialising in geriatrics, Tallis served on several UK commissions on medical care of the aged and was an editor or major contributor to two key textbooks in the field, The Clinical Neurology of Old Age and Textbook of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology.
7. Chris Tarrant, English radio and television host births
  1. Chris Tarrant
    
    Christopher John Tarrant, is an English broadcaster, television personality and former radio DJ. He presented the ITV children's television show Tiswas from 1974 to 1981, and the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? from 1998 to 2014. He was a Capital Radio host from 1984 to 2004. Tarrant received an OBE in 2004 for his charity work, in particular his campaigning on behalf of disadvantaged children.
8. Ben Vereen, American actor, singer, and dancer births
  1. Ben Vereen
    
    Benjamin Augustus Vereen is an American actor, dancer and singer. Vereen gained prominence for his performances in the original Broadway productions of the musicals Jesus Christ Superstar, for which he received a Tony Award nomination, and Pippin, for which he won the 1973 Tony Award for Best Actor in a Musical.
9. Willard White, Jamaican-English actor and singer births
  1. Willard White
    
    Sir Willard Wentworth White, OM, CBE is a Jamaican-born British operatic bass baritone.
1945
1. Christopher Hill, English bishop births
  1. Christopher Hill (bishop)
    
    Christopher John Hill, is a retired British Anglican bishop. From 1996 to 2004, he was the Bishop of Stafford, a suffragan bishop in the Diocese of Lichfield. From 2004 to 2013, he was the Bishop of Guildford, the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Guildford. In addition, he served as the Clerk of the Closet in the Ecclesiastical Household of the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom from 2005 to 2014.
2. Vanburn Holder, Barbadian cricketer births
  1. Vanburn Holder
    
    Vanburn Alonzo Holder is a Barbadian former first-class cricketer who played in 40 Test matches and 12 One Day Internationals for the West Indies cricket team between 1969 and 1979. A fast-medium bowler, he bowled alongside the likes of Charlie Griffith and Wes Hall. Holder, who also played for English county cricket side Worcestershire, was appointed an honorary vice president of the club in 2021.
3. Headman Shabalala, South African bass singer (d. 1991) births
  1. Headman Shabalala
    
    Headman Msongelwa Shabalala was a member of Ladysmith Black Mambazo, a South African choral group founded by his brother Joseph.
1943
1. Frederick Barthelme, American novelist and short story writer births
  1. Frederick Barthelme
    
    Fredrick Barthelme is an American novelist and short story writer, well-known as one of the seminal writers of minimalist fiction. Alongside his personal publishing history, his position as Director of The Center For Writers at The University of Southern Mississippi and editor of the nationally prominent literary journal Mississippi Review have placed him at the forefront of the contemporary American literary scene. He is currently the editor of New World Writing
1942
1. Janis Hansen, American singer and author (d. 2017) births
  1. Janis Hansen (singer)
    
    Janis Sue Klinger was an American recording artist and author.
2. Radu Vasile, Romanian historian and politician, 57th Prime Minister of Romania (d. 2013) births
  1. Radu Vasile
    
    Radu Vasile was a Romanian politician, historian, and poet.
  2. Prime Minister of Romania
    
    The prime minister of Romania, officially the prime minister of the Government of Romania, is the head of the Government of Romania. Initially, the office was styled President of the Council of Ministers, when the term "Government" included more than the Cabinet, and the Cabinet was called the Council of Ministers. The title was officially changed to Prime Minister by the 1965 Constitution of Romania during the communist regime.
3. Arnold Majewski, Finnish military hero of Polish descent (killed in action) (b. 1892) deaths
  1. Arnold Majewski
    
    Karl Arnold Woldemar Majewski was a legendary Finnish cavalry officer of Polish origin.
  2. 1892
    
    1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1892nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 892nd year of the 2nd millennium, the 92nd year of the 19th century, and the 3rd year of the 1890s decade. As of the start of 1892, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
1941
1. Peter Coyote, American actor, director, and screenwriter births
  1. Peter Coyote
    
    Peter Coyote is an American actor, director, screenwriter, author and narrator of films, theatre, television, and audiobooks. He worked on films such as E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), Cross Creek (1983), Jagged Edge (1985), Bitter Moon (1992), Kika (1993), Patch Adams (1998), Erin Brockovich (2000), A Walk to Remember (2002), and Femme Fatale (2002).
2. Ken Saro-Wiwa, Nigerian author and activist (d. 1995) births
  1. Ken Saro-Wiwa
    
    Kenule Beeson "Ken" Saro-Wiwa was a Nigerian writer, television producer, and environmental activist. Ken Saro-Wiwa was a member of the Ogoni people, an ethnic minority in Nigeria whose homeland, Ogoniland, in the Niger Delta, has been targeted for crude oil extraction since the 1950s and has suffered extreme environmental damage from decades of indiscriminate petroleum waste dumping.
1940
1. Winston Churchill, English journalist and politician (d. 2010) births
  1. Winston Churchill (1940–2010)
    
    Winston Spencer-Churchill, generally known as Winston Churchill, was an English Conservative politician and a grandson of former British Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill. During the period of his prominence as a public figure, he was normally referred to as Winston Churchill, in order to distinguish him from his grandfather. His father Randolph Churchill was also an MP.
2. Berton Churchill, Canadian-American actor and singer (b. 1876) deaths
  1. Berton Churchill
    
    Berton Churchill was a Canadian stage and film actor.
1938
1. Oleg Gordievsky, Russian intelligence officer and author births
  1. Oleg Gordievsky
    
    Oleg Antonovich Gordievsky, CMG is a former colonel of the KGB who became KGB resident-designate (rezident) and bureau chief in London, and was a double agent, providing information to the British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) from 1974 to 1985. After being recalled to Moscow under suspicion, he was exfiltrated from the Soviet Union in July 1985 under a plan code-named Operation Pimlico. The Soviet Union subsequently sentenced him to death in absentia.
2. Daidō Moriyama, Japanese photographer births
  1. Daidō Moriyama
    
    Daidō Moriyama is a Japanese photographer best known for his black-and-white street photography and association with the avant-garde photography magazine Provoke. Moriyama’s rough, unfettered photographic style makes use of sharply tilted angles, grainy textures, harsh contrasts, and blurred movements to capture the rawness of human experience as seen through the photographer’s wandering gaze. Many of his well-known works from the 1960s and 1970s are read through the lenses of post-war reconstruction and post-Occupation cultural upheaval.
3. Lily Tuck, American novelist and short story writer births
  1. Lily Tuck
    
    Lily Tuck is an American novelist and short story writer whose novel The News from Paraguay won the 2004 National Book Award for Fiction. Her novel Siam was nominated for the 2000 PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction. She is a Guggenheim Fellow.
4. Leroy Hood, American biologist and academic births
  1. Leroy Hood
    
    Leroy "Lee" Edward Hood is an American biologist who has served on the faculties at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) and the University of Washington. Hood has developed ground-breaking scientific instruments which made possible major advances in the biological sciences and the medical sciences. These include the first gas phase protein sequencer (1982), for determining the sequence of amino acids in a given protein; a DNA synthesizer (1983), to synthesize short sections of DNA; a peptide synthesizer (1984), to combine amino acids into longer peptides and short proteins; the first automated DNA sequencer (1986), to identify the order of nucleotides in DNA; ink-jet oligonucleotide technology for synthesizing DNA and nanostring technology for analyzing single molecules of DNA and RNA.
1937
1. Bruce Devlin, Australian golfer and sportscaster births
  1. Bruce Devlin
    
    Bruce William Devlin is an Australian professional golfer, sportscaster and golf course designer.
2. Peter Underwood, Australian lawyer and politician, 27th Governor of Tasmania (d. 2014) births
  1. Peter Underwood
    
    Peter George Underwood, was an Australian jurist and the Governor of Tasmania from 2008 until his death in 2014. He was the Chief Justice of Tasmania from 2004 to 2008, having been a judge of the Supreme Court of Tasmania from 1984.
  2. Governor of Tasmania
    
    The governor of Tasmania is the representative in the Australian state of Tasmania of the Monarch of Australia, currently King Charles III. The incumbent governor is Barbara Baker, who was appointed in June 2021. The official residence of the governor is Government House located at the Queens Domain in Hobart. As the sovereign predominantly lives outside Tasmania, the governor's primary task is to perform the sovereign's constitutional duties on their behalf.
1936
1. Gerhard Ertl, German physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate births
  1. Gerhard Ertl
    
    Gerhard Ertl is a German physicist and a Professor emeritus at the Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft in Berlin, Germany. Ertl's research laid the foundation of modern surface chemistry, which has helped explain how fuel cells produce energy without pollution, how catalytic converters clean up car exhausts and even why iron rusts, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said.
  2. Nobel Prize in Chemistry
    
    The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895, awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. This award is administered by the Nobel Foundation, and awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on proposal of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry which consists of five members elected by the Academy. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death.
1935
1. Khalil al-Wazir, Palestinian commander, founded Fatah (d. 1988) births
  1. Khalil al-Wazir
    
    Khalil Ibrahim al-Wazir was a Palestinian leader and co-founder of the nationalist party Fatah. As a top aide of Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Chairman Yasser Arafat, al-Wazir had considerable influence in Fatah's military activities, eventually becoming the commander of Fatah's armed wing al-Assifa.
  2. Fatah
    
    Fatah, formerly the Palestinian National Liberation Movement, is a Palestinian nationalist social democratic political party and the largest faction of the confederated multi-party Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and second-largest party in the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC). Mahmoud Abbas, the President of the Palestinian Authority, is a member of Fatah.
2. André Bureau, Canadian lawyer and businessman (d. 2019) births
  1. André Bureau
    
    André Bureau, was a Canadian lawyer and communications executive.
3. Judith Chalmers, English television host and actress births
  1. Judith Chalmers
    
    Judith Rosemary Locke Chalmers is a British television presenter who is best known for presenting the travel programme Wish You Were Here...? from 1974 to 2003.
4. Gustave Loiseau, French painter (b. 1865) deaths
  1. Gustave Loiseau
    
    Gustave Loiseau was a French Post-Impressionist painter, remembered above all for his landscapes and scenes of Paris streets.
1933
1. Jay Sebring, American hair stylist and businessman (d. 1969) births
  1. Jay Sebring
    
    Thomas John Kummer, known professionally as Jay Sebring, was an American celebrity hair stylist, and the founder of the hairstyling corporation Sebring International. Sebring was murdered by members of the Manson Family along with his ex-girlfriend Sharon Tate.
1932
1. Harry Smith, English footballer births
  1. Harry Smith (footballer, born 1932)
    
    Harry Arthur Smith is an English former professional footballer who played as a full back in the Football League for Torquay United and Bristol City. He was born in Wolverhampton.
1930
1. Eugenio Castellotti, Italian race car driver (d. 1957) births
  1. Eugenio Castellotti
    
    Eugenio Castellotti was a Formula One driver from Italy.
2. Yves Chauvin, French chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015) births
  1. Yves Chauvin
    
    Yves Chauvin was a French chemist and Nobel Prize laureate. He was honorary research director at the Institut français du pétrole and a member of the French Academy of Science. He was known for his work for deciphering the process of olefin metathesis for which he was awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize in Chemistry along with Robert H. Grubbs and Richard R. Schrock.
  2. Nobel Prize in Chemistry
    
    The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895, awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. This award is administered by the Nobel Foundation, and awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on proposal of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry which consists of five members elected by the Academy. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death.
3. Harold Pinter, English playwright, screenwriter, director Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2008) births
  1. Harold Pinter
    
    Harold Pinter was a British playwright, screenwriter, director and actor. A Nobel Prize winner, Pinter was one of the most influential modern British dramatists with a writing career that spanned more than 50 years. His best-known plays include The Birthday Party (1957), The Homecoming (1964) and Betrayal (1978), each of which he adapted for the screen. His screenplay adaptations of others' works include The Servant (1963), The Go-Between (1971), The French Lieutenant's Woman (1981), The Trial (1993) and Sleuth (2007). He also directed or acted in radio, stage, television and film productions of his own and others' works.
  2. Nobel Prize in Literature
    
    The Nobel Prize in Literature is a Swedish literature prize that is awarded annually, since 1901, to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, "in the field of literature, produced the most outstanding work in an idealistic direction". Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, the award is based on an author's body of work as a whole. The Swedish Academy decides who, if anyone, will receive the prize. The academy announces the name of the laureate in early October. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895. Literature is traditionally the final award presented at the Nobel Prize ceremony. On some occasions the award has been postponed to the following year, most recently in 2018 as of May 2022.
4. Adlai Stevenson III, American lawyer and politician (d. 2021) births
  1. Adlai Stevenson III
    
    Adlai Ewing Stevenson III was an American attorney and politician of the Democratic Party who represented Illinois in the United States Senate from 1970 until 1981. A member of the prominent Stevenson family, he also served as a member of the Illinois House of Representatives and Illinois Treasurer. He unsuccessfully ran for governor of Illinois in 1982 and 1986. He had been awarded Japan’s Order of the Sacred Treasure with gold and silver stars and was an honorary Professor of Renmin University, China.
5. Adolf Engler, German botanist and academic (b. 1844) deaths
  1. Adolf Engler
    
    Heinrich Gustav Adolf Engler was a German botanist. He is notable for his work on plant taxonomy and phytogeography, such as Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, edited with Karl A. E. von Prantl.
1929
1. Ayten Alpman, Turkish singer (d. 2012) births
  1. Ayten Alpman
    
    Ayten Alpman was a Turkish jazz and pop singer who gained fame in the 1970s with the song "Memleketim" during the 1974 Cyprus Peace Operation.
2. Herb Levinson, American actor (d. 2012) births
  1. Herb Levinson
    
    Herbert S. Levinson was an American television and movie actor. Levinson played a variety of character roles, often set in Baltimore, Maryland. Most notably, he played the character Dr. Lausanne in the NBC police procedural series Homicide: Life on the Street.
3. Bernard Mayes, English-American journalist and academic (d. 2014) births
  1. Bernard Mayes
    
    Anthony Bernard Duncan Mayes was a British broadcaster, university dean and author who founded America's first suicide prevention hotline.
1928
1. Leyla Gencer, Turkish soprano (d. 2008) births
  1. Leyla Gencer
    
    Ayşe Leyla Gencer was a Turkish operatic soprano.
2. Sheila Walsh, English author (d. 2009) births
  1. Sheila Walsh (novelist)
    
    Sheila Frances Walsh was a British writer of romance novels from 1975 to 2001; she also wrote as Sophie Leyton.
1927
1. Dana Elcar, American actor and director (d. 2005) births
  1. Dana Elcar
    
    Ibsen Dana Elcar was an American television and film character actor. He appeared in about 40 films as well as on the 1980s and 1990s television series MacGyver as Peter Thornton, MacGyver's immediate supervisor at the Phoenix Foundation. Elcar had appeared in the pilot episode of MacGyver as Andy Colson before assuming the role of Thornton.
2. Jon Locke, American actor (d. 2013) births
  1. Jon Locke
    
    Joseph Lockey Yon, also known as credited as Jon Locke, was an American actor who appeared in many television and film westerns.
3. Thomas Wilson, American-Scottish composer and educator (d. 2001) births
  1. Thomas Wilson (composer)
    
    Thomas Wilson CBE FRSE was an American-born Scottish composer of classical music.
4. August Kitzberg, Estonian author and playwright (b. 1855) deaths
  1. August Kitzberg
    
    August Kitzberg was an Estonian writer.
5. Gustave Whitehead, German-American pilot and engineer (b. 1874) deaths
  1. Gustave Whitehead
    
    Gustave Albin Whitehead was an aviation pioneer who emigrated from Germany to the United States where he designed and built gliders, flying machines, and engines between 1897 and 1915. Controversy surrounds published accounts and Whitehead's own claims that he flew a powered machine successfully several times in 1901 and 1902, predating the first flights by the Wright Brothers in 1903.
1926
1. Oscar Brown, American singer-songwriter, playwright, and actor (d. 2005) births
  1. Oscar Brown
    
    Oscar Brown Jr. was an American singer, songwriter, playwright, poet, civil rights activist, and actor. Aside from his career, Brown ran unsuccessfully for office in both the Illinois state legislature and the U.S. Congress. Brown wrote many songs, 12 albums, and more than a dozen musical plays.
2. Richard Jaeckel, American actor (d. 1997) births
  1. Richard Jaeckel
    
    Richard Hanley Jaeckel was an American actor of film and television. Jaeckel became a well-known character actor in his career, which spanned six decades. He received a Best Supporting Actor Oscar nomination for his role in the 1971 adaptation of Ken Kesey's Sometimes a Great Notion.
1924
1. James Clavell, Australian-American director, producer, screenwriter, and author (d. 1994) births
  1. James Clavell
    
    James Clavell was an Australian-born British writer, screenwriter, director, and World War II veteran and prisoner of war. Clavell is best known as the author of his Asian Saga novels, a number of which have had television adaptations. Clavell also wrote such screenplays as those for The Fly (1958) and The Great Escape (1963). He directed the popular 1967 film To Sir, with Love for which he also wrote the script.
2. Ludmilla Tchérina, French actress, ballerina, and choreographer (d. 2004) births
  1. Ludmilla Tchérina
    
    Ludmilla Tchérina was a French prima ballerina, sculptor, actress, painter, choreographer and author of two novels.
3. Ed Wood, American actor, director, producer, screenwriter (d. 1978) births
  1. Ed Wood
    
    Edward Davis Wood Jr. was an American filmmaker, actor, and pulp novel author.
1923
1. Louis Gottlieb, American singer and bass player (d. 1996) births
  1. Louis Gottlieb
    
    Louis Gottlieb credited as Lou Gottlieb, was an American bassist and comic spokesman for music trio The Limeliters. He held a PhD in musicology and was considered one of the so-called "new comedy" performers, a new generation of unabashed intellectuals that also included Mort Sahl, Nichols and May, and Lenny Bruce. In 1966 he established the Morningstar Ranch, a community that he declared open to all people and which later became central to a legal dispute related to the ethics of ownership of land.
2. Nicholas Parsons, English actor and game show host (d. 2020) births
  1. Nicholas Parsons
    
    Christopher Nicholas Parsons was an English actor, straight man and radio and television presenter. He was the long-running presenter of the comedy radio show Just a Minute and hosted the game show Sale of the Century during the 1970s and early 1980s.
3. Murray Walker, English journalist and sportscaster (d. 2021) births
  1. Murray Walker
    
    Graeme Murray Walker was an English motorsport commentator and journalist. He provided television commentary of live Formula One coverage for the BBC between 1976 and 1996, and for ITV between 1997 and 2001.
1922
1. Merv Pregulman, American football player, businessman, and philanthropist (d. 2012) births
  1. Merv Pregulman
    
    Mervin Pregulman was an All-American football player, businessman, and philanthropist. He played football as a tackle and center for the University of Michigan Wolverines from 1941 to 1943 and was selected as a first-team All-American in 1943. He was inducted into the United States Navy and served in the Pacific Theater during World War II, narrowly surviving a kamikaze attack on his ship in 1945.
2. Andreas Karkavitsas, Greek physician and author (b. 1866) deaths
  1. Andreas Karkavitsas
    
    Andreas Karkavitsas or Carcavitsas was a Greek novelist. He was a naturalist, like Alexandros Papadiamantis.
1920
1. Gail Halvorsen, American air force pilot known as the "Berlin Candy Bomber." (d. 2022) births
  1. Gail Halvorsen
    
    COL Gail Seymour "The Candy Bomber" Halvorsen was a senior officer and command pilot in the United States Air Force. He is best known as the "Berlin Candy Bomber" or "Uncle Wiggly Wings" and gained fame for dropping candy to German children during the Berlin Airlift from 1948 to 1949.
1919
1. Willard Estey, Canadian academic and jurist (d. 2002) births
  1. Willard Estey
    
    Willard Zebedee "Bud" Estey was a Canadian justice of the Supreme Court of Canada.
2. Gerry Gomez, Trinidadian cricketer, manager, and umpire (d. 1996) births
  1. Gerry Gomez
    
    Gerry Ethridge Gomez was a cricketer who played 29 Test matches for the West Indies cricket team between 1939 and 1954, scoring 1,243 runs and taking 58 wickets. He captained in one match for the West Indies when England toured in 1947/8.
3. Kim Ki-young, South Korean director, screenwriter, producer, and editor (d. 1997) births
  1. Kim Ki-young
    
    Kim Ki-young was a South Korean film director, known for his intensely psychosexual and melodramatic horror films, often focusing on the psychology of their female characters. Kim was born in Seoul during the colonial period, raised in Pyongyang, where he became interested in theater and cinema. In Korea after the end of World War II, he studied dentistry while becoming involved in the theater. During the Korean War, he made propaganda films for the United States Information Service. In 1955, he used discarded movie equipments to produce his first two films. With the success of these two films Kim formed his own production company and produced popular melodramas for the rest of the decade.
4. William Kruskal, American mathematician and statistician (d. 2005) births
  1. William Kruskal
    
    William Henry Kruskal was an American mathematician and statistician. He is best known for having formulated the Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance, a widely used nonparametric statistical method.
5. Edgar Laprade, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2014) births
  1. Edgar Laprade
    
    Edgar Louis "Beaver" Laprade was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre who played for the New York Rangers in the National Hockey League. The son of Thomas and Edith Laprade, he was born in the New Ontario community of Mine Centre. By age 4, he and his family moved to Port Arthur, Ontario. He also spent time with the Port Arthur Bearcats of the Thunder Bay Senior Hockey League.
1918
1. Henry Dobson, Australian politician, 17th Premier of Tasmania (b. 1841) deaths
  1. Henry Dobson
    
    Henry Dobson was an Australian politician, who served as a member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly and later of the Australian Senate. He was the 17th Premier of Tasmania from 17 August 1892 to 14 April 1894.
  2. Premier of Tasmania
    
    The premier of Tasmania is the head of the executive government in the Australian state of Tasmania. By convention, the leader of the party or political grouping which has majority support in the House of Assembly is invited by the governor of Tasmania to be premier and principal adviser.
1917
1. Thelonious Monk, American pianist and composer (d. 1982) births
  1. Thelonious Monk
    
    Thelonious Sphere Monk was an American jazz pianist and composer. He had a unique improvisational style and made numerous contributions to the standard jazz repertoire, including "'Round Midnight", "Blue Monk", "Straight, No Chaser", "Ruby, My Dear", "In Walked Bud", and "Well, You Needn't". Monk is the second-most-recorded jazz composer after Duke Ellington.
1915
1. Harry Edison, American trumpet player and composer (d. 1999) births
  1. Harry Edison
    
    Harry "Sweets" Edison was an American jazz trumpeter and a member of the Count Basie Orchestra. His most important contribution was as a Hollywood studio musician, whose muted trumpet can be heard backing singers, most notably Frank Sinatra.
1914
1. Tommy Fine, American baseball player and businessman (d. 2005) births
  1. Tommy Fine
    
    Thomas Morgan Fine was an American pitcher in Major League Baseball who played in 23 games for the Boston Red Sox (1947) and St. Louis Browns (1950). The native of Cleburne, Texas, stood 6 feet (1.8 m) tall and weighed 190 pounds (86 kg). He was a switch-hitter and threw right-handed.
2. Ivory Joe Hunter, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1974) births
  1. Ivory Joe Hunter
    
    Ivory Joe Hunter was an American rhythm-and-blues singer, songwriter, and pianist. After a series of hits on the US R&B chart starting in the mid-1940s, he became more widely known for his hit recording "Since I Met You Baby" (1956). He was billed as The Baron of the Boogie, and also known as The Happiest Man Alive. His musical output ranged from R&B to blues, boogie-woogie, and country music, and Hunter made a name in all of those genres. Uniquely, he was honored at both the Monterey Jazz Festival and the Grand Ole Opry.
3. Carol I of Romania (b. 1839) deaths
  1. Carol I of Romania
    
    Carol I or Charles I of Romania, born Prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, was the monarch of Romania from 1866 to his death in 1914, ruling as Prince (Domnitor) from 1866 to 1881, and as King from 1881 to 1914. He was elected Prince of the Romanian United Principalities on 20 April 1866 after the overthrow of Alexandru Ioan Cuza by a palace coup d'état. In May 1877, Romania was proclaimed an independent and sovereign nation. The defeat of the Ottoman Empire (1878) in the Russo-Turkish War secured Romanian independence, and he was proclaimed King on 26 March [O.S. 14 March] 1881. He was the first ruler of the Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen dynasty, which ruled the country until the proclamation of a socialist republic in 1947.
1913
1. Claude Simon, Malagasy-French novelist and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005) births
  1. Claude Simon
    
    Claude Simon was a French novelist, and was awarded the 1985 Nobel Prize in Literature.
  2. Nobel Prize in Literature
    
    The Nobel Prize in Literature is a Swedish literature prize that is awarded annually, since 1901, to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, "in the field of literature, produced the most outstanding work in an idealistic direction". Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, the award is based on an author's body of work as a whole. The Swedish Academy decides who, if anyone, will receive the prize. The academy announces the name of the laureate in early October. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895. Literature is traditionally the final award presented at the Nobel Prize ceremony. On some occasions the award has been postponed to the following year, most recently in 2018 as of May 2022.
2. Adolphus Busch, German-American brewer and businessman, co-founded Anheuser-Busch (b. 1839) deaths
  1. Adolphus Busch
    
    Adolphus Busch was the German-born co-founder of Anheuser-Busch with his father-in-law, Eberhard Anheuser. He introduced numerous innovations, building the success of the company in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He became a philanthropist, using some of his wealth for education and humanitarian needs. His great-great-grandson, August Busch IV, is a former CEO of Anheuser-Busch.
  2. Anheuser-Busch
    
    Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC is an American brewing company headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri. Since 2008, it has been wholly owned by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, now the world's largest brewing company, which owns multiple global brands, notably Budweiser, Michelob, Stella Artois, and Beck's.
3. Katsura Tarō, Japanese general and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1848) deaths
  1. Katsura Tarō
    
    Prince Katsura Tarō was a Japanese politician and general of the Imperial Japanese Army who served as the Prime Minister of Japan from 1901 to 1906, from 1908 to 1911, and from 1912 to 1913.
  2. Prime Minister of Japan
    
    The prime minister of Japan is the head of government of Japan. The prime minister chairs the Cabinet of Japan and has the ability to select and dismiss its Ministers of State. The prime minister also serves as the civilian commander-in-chief of the Japan Self Defence Forces and as a sitting member of the House of Representatives. The individual is appointed by the emperor of Japan after being nominated by the National Diet and must retain the nomination of the lower house and answer to parliament to remain in office.
1912
1. Ram Vilas Sharma, Indian poet and critic (d. 2000) births
  1. Ram Vilas Sharma
    
    Ram Vilas Sharma was a progressive literary critic, linguist, poet and thinker. He was born in Unchgaon Sani, Unnao District, Uttar Pradesh. In a career spanning nearly five decades, Sharma authored over 50 books. He was the recipient of many awards including the Sahitya Academy award, Bharat Bharati, Shalaka Samman, Vyas Samman, and the Shatabdi Samman just last week.
1911
1. Clare Hollingworth, English journalist and author (d. 2017) births
  1. Clare Hollingworth
    
    Clare Hollingworth was an English journalist and author. She was the first war correspondent to report the outbreak of World War II, described as "the scoop of the century". As a rookie reporter for The Daily Telegraph in 1939, while travelling from Poland to Germany, she spotted and reported German forces massed on the Polish border; The Daily Telegraph headline read: "1,000 tanks massed on Polish border"; three days later she was the first to report the German invasion of Poland.
1910
1. Julius Shulman, American photographer and environmentalist (d. 2009) births
  1. Julius Shulman
    
    Julius Shulman was an American architectural photographer best known for his photograph "Case Study House #22, Los Angeles, 1960. Pierre Koenig, Architect." The house is also known as the Stahl House. Shulman's photography spread the aesthetic of California's Mid-century modern architecture around the world. Through his many books, exhibits and personal appearances his work ushered in a new appreciation for the movement beginning in the 1990s.
1909
1. Robert F. Boyle, American production designer and art director (d. 2010) births
  1. Robert F. Boyle
    
    Robert Francis Boyle was an American film art director and production designer.
1908
1. Johnny Green, American conductor and composer (d. 1989) births
  1. Johnny Green
    
    John Waldo Green was an American songwriter, composer, musical arranger, conductor and pianist. He was given the nickname "Beulah" by colleague Conrad Salinger. His most famous song was one of his earliest, "Body and Soul" from the revue Three's a Crowd. Green won four Academy Awards for his film scores and a fifth for producing a short musical film, and he was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1972. He was also honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
2. Mercè Rodoreda, Catalan author and poet (d. 1983) births
  1. Mercè Rodoreda
    
    Mercè Rodoreda i Gurguí was a Spanish novelist, who wrote in Catalan.
1906
1. Paul Creston, American composer and educator (d. 1985) births
  1. Paul Creston
    
    Paul Creston was an Italian American composer of classical music.
2. Fei Mu, Chinese director and screenwriter (d. 1951) births
  1. Fei Mu
    
    Fei Mu, also romanised as Fey Mou, was a Chinese film director of the pre-Communist era. His Spring in a Small Town (1948) was declared the greatest Chinese film ever made by the Hong Kong Film Critics Society.
3. R. K. Narayan, Indian author (d. 2001) births
  1. R. K. Narayan
    
    Rasipuram Krishnaswami Iyer Narayanaswami was an Indian writer known for his work set in the fictional South Indian town of Malgudi. He was a leading author of early Indian literature in English along with Mulk Raj Anand and Raja Rao.
1905
1. Aksella Luts, Estonian actress, screenwriter, dancer, and choreographer (d. 2005) births
  1. Aksella Luts
    
    Aksella Luts was an Estonian actress, screenwriter, dancer, choreographer, film editor and photojournalist.
1903
1. Prince Charles, Count of Flanders (d. 1983) births
  1. Prince Charles, Count of Flanders
    
    Prince Charles, Count of Flanders was a member of the Belgian royal family who served as regent of Belgium from 1944 until 1950, while a judicial commission investigated his elder brother, King Leopold III of Belgium, as to whether he betrayed the Allies of World War II by an allegedly premature surrender in 1940 and collaboration with the Nazis during the occupation of Belgium. Charles' regency ended when Leopold was allowed to return to Belgium. Shortly after returning and resuming his monarchical duties, Leopold abdicated in favour of his son, Baudouin.
2. Vernon Duke, Russian-American composer and songwriter (d. 1969) births
  1. Vernon Duke
    
    Vernon Duke was a Russian-born American composer/songwriter who also wrote under his birth name, Vladimir Dukelsky. He is best known for "Taking a Chance on Love," with lyrics by Ted Fetter and John Latouche (1940), "I Can't Get Started," with lyrics by Ira Gershwin (1936), "April in Paris," with lyrics by E. Y. ("Yip") Harburg (1932), and "What Is There To Say," for the Ziegfeld Follies of 1934, also with Harburg. He wrote the words and music for "Autumn in New York" (1934) for the revue Thumbs Up! In his book, American Popular Song, The Great Innovators 1900-1950, composer Alec Wilder praises this song, writing, “The verse may be the most ambitious I’ve ever seen." Duke also collaborated with lyricists Johnny Mercer, Ogden Nash, and Sammy Cahn.
3. Bei Shizhang, Chinese biologist and academic (d. 2009) births
  1. Bei Shizhang
    
    Bei Shizhang, or Shi-Zhang Bei, was a Chinese biophysicist, embryologist, politician, and writer. He was an academician at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
1902
1. K. Shivaram Karanth, Indian journalist, author, and activist (d. 1997) births
  1. Shivaram Karanth
    
    Kota Shivaram Karanth, also abbreviated as K. Shivaram Karanth, was an Indian polymath, who was a novelist in Kannada language, playwright and an ecological conservationist. Ramachandra Guha called him the "Rabindranath Tagore of Modern India, who has been one of the finest novelists-activists since independence". He was the third writer to be decorated with the Jnanpith Award for Kannada, the highest literary honor conferred in India. His son Ullas is an ecological conservationist.
1901
1. Alberto Giacometti, Swiss sculptor and painter (d. 1966) births
  1. Alberto Giacometti
    
    Alberto Giacometti was a Swiss sculptor, painter, draftsman and printmaker. Beginning in 1922, he lived and worked mainly in Paris but regularly visited his hometown Borgonovo to see his family and work on his art.
2. Lorenzo Snow, American religious leader, 5th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1814) deaths
  1. Lorenzo Snow
    
    Lorenzo Snow was an American religious leader who served as the fifth president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from 1898 until his death. Snow was the last president of the LDS Church in the 19th century and the first in the 20th.
  2. President of the Church (LDS Church)
    
    The President of the Church is the highest office of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. It was the office held by Joseph Smith, the church's founder. The church's president is its leader and the head of the First Presidency, its highest governing body. Latter-day Saints consider the president of the church to be a "prophet, seer, and revelator" and refer to him as "the Prophet", a title that was originally given to Smith. When the name of the president is used by adherents, it is usually prefaced by the title "President". Russell M. Nelson has been the president since January 14, 2018.
1900
1. Helen Hayes, American actress (d. 1993) births
  1. Helen Hayes
    
    Helen Hayes MacArthur was an American actress whose career spanned 80 years. She eventually received the nickname "First Lady of American Theatre" and was the second person and first woman to have won an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar, and a Tony Award. She was also the first person to win the Triple Crown of Acting; to date, the only other person to have accomplished both is Rita Moreno. Hayes also received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, America's highest civilian honor, from President Ronald Reagan in 1986. In 1988, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts.
1898
1. Lilly Daché, French-American fashion designer (d. 1989) births
  1. Lilly Daché
    
    Lilly Daché was a French-born American milliner and fashion merchandiser. She started her career in a small bonnet shop, advanced to being a sales lady at Macy's department store, and from there started her own hat business. She was at the peak of her business career in the 1930s and 1940s. Her contributions to millinery were well-known custom-designed fashion hats for wealthy women, celebrities, socialites, and movie stars. Her hats cost about ten times the average cost of a lady's hat. Her main hat business was in New York City with branches in Paris. Later in her career she expanded her fashion line to include dresses, perfume, and jewelry.
1895
1. Alfred Neuland, Estonian weightlifter (d. 1966) births
  1. Alfred Neuland
    
    Alfred Karl Neuland was an Estonian weightlifter. He competed in the 1920 and 1924 Olympics and won a gold and a silver medal, respectively, becoming the first Olympic gold medalist from Estonia. He won a world title in 1922, and set three ratified world records in 1920–23: one in the snatch and two in the clean and jerk.
2. Fridolf Rhudin, Swedish actor (d. 1935) births
  1. Fridolf Rhudin
    
    Fridolf Rhudin was a Swedish actor and comedian.
3. Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen, German field marshal (d. 1945) births
  1. Wolfram von Richthofen
    
    Wolfram Karl Ludwig Moritz Hermann Freiherr von Richthofen was a German World War I flying ace who rose to the rank of Generalfeldmarschall in the Luftwaffe during World War II.
1893
1. Lip Pike, American baseball player and manager (b. 1845) deaths
  1. Lip Pike
    
    Lipman Emanuel "Lip" Pike the "Iron Batter", was an American who was one of the stars of 19th-century baseball in the United States. His brother, Israel Pike, played briefly for the Hartford Dark Blues during the 1877 season.
1889
1. Han van Meegeren, Dutch painter and forger (d. 1947) births
  1. Han van Meegeren
    
    Henricus Antonius "Han" van Meegeren was a Dutch painter and portraitist, considered one of the most ingenious art forgers of the 20th century. Van Meegeren became a national hero after World War II when it was revealed that he had sold a forged painting to Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands.
1885
1. Walter Anderson, Belarusian-German ethnologist and academic (d. 1962) births
  1. Walter Anderson (folklorist)
    
    Walter Arthur Alexander Anderson was a Baltic German ethnologist (folklorist) and numismatist.
2. Jean Peyrière, French actor (d. 1965) births
  1. Jean Peyrière
    
    Jean Peyrière was a French stage and film actor. He appeared in several popular serial films during his career.
1884
1. Nikolai Klyuev, Russian poet and author (d. 1937) births
  1. Nikolai Klyuev
    
    Nikolai Alekseevich Klyuev, was a notable Russian poet. He was influenced by the symbolist movement, intense nationalism, and a love of Russian folklore.
2. Ida Wüst, German actress and screenwriter (d. 1958) births
  1. Ida Wüst
    
    Ida Wüst was a German stage and film actress whose career was prominent in the 1920s and 1930s with Universum Film AG (UFA).
1877
1. William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield, English businessman and philanthropist, founded Morris Motors (d. 1963) births
  1. William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield
    
    William Richard Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield, was an English motor manufacturer and philanthropist. He was the founder of Morris Motors Limited and is remembered as the founder of the Nuffield Foundation, the Nuffield Trust and Nuffield College, Oxford, as well as being involved in his role as President of BUPA in creating what is now Nuffield Health. He took his title from the village of Nuffield in Oxfordshire, where he lived.
  2. Morris Motors
    
    Morris Motors Limited was a British privately owned motor vehicle manufacturing company formed in 1919 to take over the assets of William Morris's WRM Motors Limited and continue production of the same vehicles. By 1926 its production represented 42 per cent of British car manufacture—a remarkable expansion rate attributed to William Morris's practice of buying in major as well as minor components and assembling them in his own factory. Self-financing through his enormous profits Morris did borrow some money from the public in 1926 and later shared some of Morris Motors' ownership with the public in 1936 when the new capital was used by Morris Motors to buy many of his other privately held businesses.
1876
1. Charles Joseph Sainte-Claire Deville, French geologist and meteorologist (b. 1814) deaths
  1. Charles Joseph Sainte-Claire Deville
    
    Charles Joseph Sainte-Claire Deville was a geologist and meteorologist.
1875
1. Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, Russian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1817) deaths
  1. Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy
    
    Count Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, often referred to as A. K. Tolstoy, was a Russian poet, novelist, and playwright. He is considered to be the most important nineteenth-century Russian historical dramatist, primarily on account of the strength of his dramatic trilogy The Death of Ivan the Terrible (1866), Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich (1868), and Tsar Boris (1870). He also gained fame for his satirical works, published under his own name and under the collaborational pen name of Kozma Prutkov. His fictional works include the novella The Family of the Vourdalak, The Vampire (1841), and the historical novel Prince Serebrenni (1862).
1872
1. Dionysios Kasdaglis, Egyptian-Greek tennis player (d. 1931) births
  1. Dimitrios Kasdaglis
    
    Dimitrios written also as Demetrius Emmanuel Kasdaglis written also as Casdagli(s), was a Greek-Egyptian tennis player. He competed in the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens and the 1906 Intercalated Games, also in Athens.
2. William H. Seward, American lawyer and politician, 24th United States Secretary of State (b. 1801) deaths
  1. William H. Seward
    
    William Henry Seward was an American politician who served as United States Secretary of State from 1861 to 1869, and earlier served as governor of New York and as a United States Senator. A determined opponent of the spread of slavery in the years leading up to the American Civil War, he was a prominent figure in the Republican Party in its formative years, and was praised for his work on behalf of the Union as Secretary of State during the Civil War. He also negotiated the treaty for the United States to purchase the Alaskan Territory.
  2. United States Secretary of State
    
    The United States secretary of state is a member of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States and the head of the U.S. Department of State. The office holder is one of the highest ranking members of the president's Cabinet, and ranks the first in the U.S. presidential line of succession among Cabinet secretaries.
1870
1. Louise Mack, Australian journalist, author, and poet (d. 1935) births
  1. Louise Mack
    
    Marie Louise Hamilton Mack was an Australian poet, journalist and novelist. She is most known for her writings and her involvement in World War I in 1914 as the first woman war correspondent in Belgium.
1864
1. T. Frank Appleby, American businessman and politician (d. 1924) births
  1. T. Frank Appleby
    
    Theodore Frank Appleby was an American Republican Party politician who represented New Jersey's 3rd congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1921 to 1923. He was the father of Stewart Hoffman Appleby, who also became a congressman from New Jersey.
1861
1. Fridtjof Nansen, Norwegian explorer, scientist, and humanitarian, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1930) births
  1. Fridtjof Nansen
    
    Fridtjof Wedel-Jarlsberg Nansen was a Norwegian polymath and Nobel Peace Prize laureate. He gained prominence at various points in his life as an explorer, scientist, diplomat, and humanitarian. He led the team that made the first crossing of the Greenland interior in 1888, traversing the island on cross-country skis. He won international fame after reaching a record northern latitude of 86°14′ during his Fram expedition of 1893–1896. Although he retired from exploration after his return to Norway, his techniques of polar travel and his innovations in equipment and clothing influenced a generation of subsequent Arctic and Antarctic expeditions.
  2. Nobel Peace Prize
    
    The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Swedish industrialist, inventor and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine and Literature. Since March 1901, it has been awarded annually to those who have "done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses".
1858
1. Maurice Prendergast, American painter and academic (d. 1924) births
  1. Maurice Prendergast
    
    Maurice Brazil Prendergast was an American artist who painted in oil and watercolor, and created monotypes. His delicate landscapes and scenes of modern life, characterized by mosaic-like color, are generally associated with Post-Impressionism. Prendergast, however, was also a member of The Eight, a group of early twentieth-century American artists who, aside from Prendergast, represented the Ashcan School.
1857
1. George Washington Parke Custis, American author and playwright (b. 1781) deaths
  1. George Washington Parke Custis
    
    George Washington Parke Custis was an American plantation owner, antiquarian, author, and playwright. His father John Parke Custis was the stepson of George Washington. He and his sister Eleanor grew up at Mount Vernon and in the Washington presidential household.
1842
1. Emily Dobson, Australian philanthropist (d. 1934) births
  1. Emily Dobson
    
    Emily Dobson was an Australian philanthropist. She was known for her work supporting women's charities.
1837
1. Robert Gould Shaw, American colonel (d. 1863) births
  1. Robert Gould Shaw
    
    Robert Gould Shaw was an American officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Born into a prominent Boston abolitionist family, he accepted command of the first all-black regiment in the Northeast. Supporting the promised equal treatment for his troops, he encouraged the men to refuse their pay until it was equal to that of white troops' wage.
2. Charles Fourier, French philosopher and academic (b. 1772) deaths
  1. Charles Fourier
    
    François Marie Charles Fourier was a French philosopher, an influential early socialist thinker and one of the founders of utopian socialism. Some of Fourier's social and moral views, held to be radical in his lifetime, have become mainstream thinking in modern society. For instance, Fourier is credited with having originated the word feminism in 1837.
1834
1. Aleksis Kivi, Finnish author and playwright (d. 1872) births
  1. Aleksis Kivi
    
    Aleksis Kivi was a Finnish author who wrote the first significant novel in the Finnish language, Seitsemän veljestä in 1870. He is also known for his 1864 play Heath Cobblers. Although Kivi was among the very earliest authors of prose and lyrics in Finnish, he is still considered one of the greatest.
1830
1. Isabella II of Spain (d. 1904) births
  1. Isabella II of Spain
    
    Isabella II, was Queen of Spain from 29 September 1833 until 30 September 1868.
1828
1. Samuel J. Randall, American captain, lawyer and politician, 33rd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1890) births
  1. Samuel J. Randall
    
    Samuel Jackson Randall was an American politician from Pennsylvania who represented the Queen Village, Society Hill, and Northern Liberties neighborhoods of Philadelphia from 1863 to 1890 and served as the 29th speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1876 to 1881. He was a contender for the Democratic Party nomination for President of the United States in 1880 and 1884.
  2. Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
    
    The speaker of the United States House of Representatives, commonly known as the speaker of the House, is the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. The office was established in 1789 by Article I, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution. The speaker is the political and parliamentary leader of the House and is simultaneously its presiding officer, de facto leader of the body's majority party, and the institution's administrative head. Speakers also perform various other administrative and procedural functions. Given these several roles and responsibilities, the speaker usually does not personally preside over debates. That duty is instead delegated to members of the House from the majority party. Nor does the speaker regularly participate in floor debates.
1827
1. Ugo Foscolo, Italian author and poet (b. 1778) deaths
  1. Ugo Foscolo
    
    Ugo Foscolo, born Niccolò Foscolo, was an Italian writer, revolutionary and a poet.
1825
1. Paul Kruger, South African soldier and politician, 5th President of the South African Republic (d. 1904) births
  1. Paul Kruger
    
    Stephanus Johannes Paulus Kruger was a South African politician. He was one of the dominant political and military figures in 19th-century South Africa, and President of the South African Republic from 1883 to 1900. Nicknamed Oom Paul, he came to international prominence as the face of the Boer cause—that of the Transvaal and its neighbour the Orange Free State—against Britain during the Second Boer War of 1899–1902. He has been called a personification of Afrikanerdom, and remains a controversial figure; admirers venerate him as a tragic folk hero.
  2. State President of the South African Republic
    
    This is a list of State Presidents of the South African Republic.
1819
1. Heinrich Joseph Dominicus Denzinger, German theologian and author (d. 1883) births
  1. Heinrich Joseph Dominicus Denzinger
    
    Heinrich Joseph Dominicus Denzinger was a leading German Catholic theologian and author of the Enchiridion Symbolorum et Definitionum commonly referred to simply as "Denzinger".
1813
1. Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer and philanthropist (d. 1901) births
  1. Giuseppe Verdi
    
    Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi was an Italian composer best known for his operas. He was born near Busseto to a provincial family of moderate means, receiving a musical education with the help of a local patron. Verdi came to dominate the Italian opera scene after the era of Gioachino Rossini, Gaetano Donizetti, and Vincenzo Bellini, whose works significantly influenced him.
1810
1. Alfred Kennerley, English-Australian politician, 10th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1897) births
  1. Alfred Kennerley
    
    Alfred Kennerley was an Australian politician and Premier of Tasmania from 4 August 1873 until 20 July 1876.
  2. Premier of Tasmania
    
    The premier of Tasmania is the head of the executive government in the Australian state of Tasmania. By convention, the leader of the party or political grouping which has majority support in the House of Assembly is invited by the governor of Tasmania to be premier and principal adviser.
1806
1. Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia (b. 1772) deaths
  1. Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia (1772–1806)
    
    Prince Frederick Louis Christian "Ferdinand" of Prussia, was a Prussian prince, soldier, composer and pianist. Prince Louis Ferdinand fought in the Napoleonic Wars. The 1927 German film Prinz Louis Ferdinand was a biopic of his life.
1800
1. Gabriel Prosser, American rebel leader (b. 1776) deaths
  1. Gabriel Prosser
    
    Gabriel Prosser, having attained his surname from his slaveholder, was an African blacksmith enslaved by the Prosser family who planned a large slave rebellion in the Richmond, Virginia, area in the summer of 1800. Information regarding the revolt, which came to be known as "Gabriel's Rebellion", was leaked prior to its execution, and he and twenty-five followers were hanged.
1795
1. Francesco Antonio Zaccaria, Italian historian and theologian (b. 1714) deaths
  1. Francesco Antonio Zaccaria
    
    Francesco Antonio Zaccaria was an Italian theologian, historian, and prolific writer.
1794
1. William Whiting Boardman, American judge and politician (d. 1871) births
  1. William Whiting Boardman
    
    William Whiting Boardman was a politician and United States Representative from Connecticut.
1780
1. John Abercrombie, Scottish physician and philosopher (d. 1844) births
  1. John Abercrombie (physician)
    
    John Abercrombie was a Scottish physician, author, philosopher and philanthropist. His Edinburgh practice became one of the most successful medical practices in Scotland. The Chambers Biographical Dictionary says of him that after James Gregory's death, he was "recognized as the first consulting physician in Scotland". As surgeon to The Royal Public Dispensary and the New Town Dispensary he provided free medical care for the poor of the town and taught medical students and apprentices. He published extensively on medical topics and latterly on metaphysics morality and religion. A devout Christian he gave financial support to missionary work. Abercrombie was awarded the honorary degree of MD from the University of Oxford, was elected Rector of Marischal College and University, Aberdeen and appointed Physician to the King in Scotland.
1765
1. Lionel Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1688) deaths
  1. Lionel Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset
    
    Lionel Cranfield Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset was an English political leader and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
  2. Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
    
    Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, or more formally Lieutenant General and General Governor of Ireland, was the title of the chief governor of Ireland from the Williamite Wars of 1690 until the Partition of Ireland in 1922. This spanned the Kingdom of Ireland (1541–1800) and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922). The office, under its various names, was often more generally known as the Viceroy, and his wife was known as the vicereine. The government of Ireland in practice was usually in the hands of the Lord Deputy up to the 17th century, and later of the Chief Secretary for Ireland.
1759
1. Granville Elliott, English general (b. 1713) deaths
  1. Granville Elliott
    
    Major-General Granville Elliott, 1st Count Elliott, was a British military officer who served with distinction in several other European armies and subsequently in the British Army. He fought at the Battle of Minden where he was wounded, dying of his injuries several weeks later.
1747
1. John Potter, English archbishop and academic (b. 1674) deaths
  1. John Potter (bishop)
    
    John Potter was Archbishop of Canterbury (1737–1747).
1731
1. Henry Cavendish, French-English chemist, physicist, and philosopher (d. 1810) births
  1. Henry Cavendish
    
    Henry Cavendish was an English natural philosopher and scientist who was an important experimental and theoretical chemist and physicist. He is noted for his discovery of hydrogen, which he termed "inflammable air". He described the density of inflammable air, which formed water on combustion, in a 1766 paper, On Factitious Airs. Antoine Lavoisier later reproduced Cavendish's experiment and gave the element its name.
1725
1. Philippe de Rigaud Vaudreuil, French politician, Governor of New France (b. 1643) deaths
  1. Philippe de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil
    
    Philippe de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil was a French military officer who served as Governor General of New France from 1703 to 1725, throughout Queen Anne's War and Father Rale's War.
  2. Governor of New France
    
    The governor of New France was the viceroy of the King of France in North America. A French nobleman, he was appointed to govern the colonies of New France, which included Canada, Acadia and Louisiana. The residence of the Governor was at the Chateau St. Louis in the capital of Quebec City. Acadia, Louisiana, and the towns of Trois-Rivières and Montreal had their own particular governors.
1723
1. William Cowper, 1st Earl Cowper, English lawyer and politician, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1665) deaths
  1. William Cowper, 1st Earl Cowper
    
    William Cowper, 1st Earl Cowper, was an English politician who became the first Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain. Cowper was the son of Sir William Cowper, 2nd Baronet, of Ratling Court, Kent, a Whig member of parliament of some mark in the two last Stuart reigns.
  2. Lord Chancellor
    
    The lord chancellor, formally the lord high chancellor of Great Britain, is the highest-ranking traditional minister among the Great Officers of State in Scotland and England in the United Kingdom, nominally outranking the prime minister. The lord chancellor is appointed by the sovereign on the advice of the prime minister. Prior to their Union into the Kingdom of Great Britain, there were separate lord chancellors for the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland; there were lord chancellors of Ireland until 1922.
1720
1. Antoine Coysevox, French sculptor (b. 1640) deaths
  1. Antoine Coysevox
    
    Charles Antoine Coysevox, was a French sculptor in the Baroque and Louis XIV style, best known for his sculpture decorating the gardens and Palace of Versailles and his portrait busts.
1714
1. Pierre Le Pesant, sieur de Boisguilbert, French economist and academic (b. 1646) deaths
  1. Pierre Le Pesant, sieur de Boisguilbert
    
    Pierre le Pesant, sieur de Boisguilbert or Boisguillebert was a French lawmaker and a Jansenist, one of the inventors of the notion of an economic market.
1708
1. David Gregory, Scottish mathematician and astronomer (b. 1659) deaths
  1. David Gregory (mathematician)
    
    David Gregory FRS was a Scottish mathematician and astronomer. He was professor of mathematics at the University of Edinburgh, and later Savilian Professor of Astronomy at the University of Oxford, and a proponent of Isaac Newton's Principia.
1700
1. Lambert-Sigisbert Adam, French sculptor and illustrator (d. 1759) births
  1. Lambert-Sigisbert Adam
    
    Lambert-Sigisbert Adam was a lorrain sculptor born in 1700 in Nancy. The eldest son of sculptor Jacob-Sigisbert Adam, he was known as Adam l’aîné to distinguish him from his two sculptor brothers Nicolas-Sébastien Adam, known as "Adam le jeune", and François Gaspard Balthazar Adam. His sister Anne Adam married Thomas Michel, an undistinguished sculptor, and became the mother of famous sculptor Claude Michel, known as Clodion, who received his early training in the studio of his uncle Lambert-Sigisbert.
1691
1. Isaac de Benserade, French author and poet (b. 1613) deaths
  1. Isaac de Benserade
    
    Isaac de Benserade was a French poet.
1684
1. Jean-Antoine Watteau, French painter (d. 1721) births
  1. Antoine Watteau
    
    Jean-Antoine Watteau was a French painter and draughtsman whose brief career spurred the revival of interest in colour and movement, as seen in the tradition of Correggio and Rubens. He revitalized the waning Baroque style, shifting it to the less severe, more naturalistic, less formally classical, Rococo. Watteau is credited with inventing the genre of fêtes galantes, scenes of bucolic and idyllic charm, suffused with a theatrical air. Some of his best known subjects were drawn from the world of Italian comedy and ballet.
1678
1. John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, Scottish general and politician, Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland (d. 1743) births
  1. John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll
    
    Field Marshal John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, 1st Duke of Greenwich,, styled Lord Lorne from 1680 to 1703, was a Scottish nobleman and senior commander in the British Army. He served on the continent in the Nine Years' War and fought at the Battle of Kaiserwerth during the War of the Spanish Succession. He went on to serve as a brigade commander during the later battles of the War of the Spanish Succession. Next he was given command of all British forces in Spain at the instigation of the Harley Ministry; after conducting a successful evacuation of the troops from Spain, he became Commander-in-Chief, Scotland. During the Jacobite Rebellion, he led the government army against the Jacobites led by the Earl of Mar at the Battle of Sheriffmuir. He went on to serve as Lord Steward and then Master-General of the Ordnance under the Walpole–Townshend Ministry.
  2. Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland
    
    The Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland was the monarch of Scotland's's personal representative to the Parliament of Scotland. From the accession of James VI of Scotland to the throne of England in 1603, a Lord High Commissioner was appointed from among the senior nobility to represent the Scottish monarch in parliament when he or she was absent, as was usually the case up to 1707. The Act of Union 1707, which merged the Parliament of Scotland and the Parliament of England to create the Parliament of Great Britain, rendered the post redundant.
1669
1. Johann Nicolaus Bach, German organist and composer (d. 1753) births
  1. Johann Nicolaus Bach
    
    Johann Nicolaus Bach was a German composer of the Baroque period.
1659
1. Abel Tasman, Dutch merchant and explorer (b. 1603) deaths
  1. Abel Tasman
    
    Abel Janszoon Tasman was a Dutch seafarer, explorer, and merchant, best known for his voyages of 1642 and 1644 in the service of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). He was the first known European explorer to reach New Zealand and the islands of Fiji and Van Diemen's Land.
1656
1. Nicolas de Largillière, French painter and academic (d. 1746) births
  1. Nicolas de Largillière
    
    Nicolas de Largillière was a French portrait painter, born in Paris.
1646
1. Françoise-Marguerite de Sévigné, French noblewoman (d. 1705) births
  1. Françoise-Marguerite de Sévigné
    
    Françoise-Marguerite de Sévigné, comtesse de Grignan, was a French aristocrat, remembered for the letters that her mother, Madame de Sévigné, wrote to her.
1629
1. Richard Towneley, English mathematician and astronomer (d. 1707) births
  1. Richard Towneley
    
    Richard Towneley was an English mathematician, natural philosopher and astronomer, resident at Towneley Hall, near Burnley in Lancashire. His uncle was the antiquarian and mathematician Christopher Towneley (1604–1674).
1599
1. Étienne Moulinié, French composer and director (d. 1676) births
  1. Étienne Moulinié
    
    Étienne Moulinié was a French Baroque composer. He was born in Languedoc, and when he was a child he sang at the Narbonne Cathedral. Through the influence of his brother Antoine, Moulinié gained an appointment at court, as the director of music for Gaston d'Orléans, the younger brother of the king. For this post he wrote sacred and secular music, for voice or voices and lute or continuo. He also wrote music to accompany the ballet or other dances. He taught Gaston's daughter, Mlle de Montpensier. Moulinié worked for Gaston until the latter's death in 1660, at which point he was forced to find new employment. For this he returned to his birthplace of Languedoc.
1584
1. Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke (d. 1649) births
  1. Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke
    
    Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke and 1st Earl of Montgomery, was an English courtier, nobleman, and politician active during the reigns of James I and Charles I. Philip and his older brother William were the 'incomparable pair of brethren' to whom the First Folio of Shakespeare's collected works was dedicated in 1623.
1581
1. Bayinnaung, Burmese king (b. 1516) deaths
  1. Bayinnaung
    
    Bayinnaung Kyawhtin Nawrahta was king of the Toungoo Dynasty of Myanmar from 1550 to 1581. During his 31-year reign, which has been called the "greatest explosion of human energy ever seen in Burma", Bayinnaung assembled what was probably the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia, which included much of modern-day Myanmar, the Chinese Shan states, Lan Na, Lan Xang, Manipur and Siam.
1567
1. Infanta Catherine Michelle of Spain (d. 1597) births
  1. Catalina Micaela of Spain
    
    Catherine Michaela of Spain was Duchess of Savoy by marriage to Duke Charles Emmanuel I. She ruled the Duchy several times as regent in Charles Emmanuel's absence, notably during his campaign in 1594. She was the younger surviving daughter of Philip II of Spain and Elisabeth of Valois.
1560
1. Jacobus Arminius, Dutch theologian (d. 1609) births
  1. Jacobus Arminius
    
    Jacobus Arminius, the Latinized name of Jakob Hermanszoon, was a Dutch theologian during the Protestant Reformation period whose views became the basis of Arminianism and the Dutch Remonstrant movement. He served from 1603 as professor in theology at the University of Leiden and wrote many books and treatises on theology.
1554
1. Arnold III, Count of Bentheim-Steinfurt-Tecklenburg-Limburg and Lord of Rheda (d. 1606) births
  1. Arnold III, Count of Bentheim-Steinfurt-Tecklenburg-Limburg
    
    Arnold III of Bentheim-Tecklenburg-Steinfurt-Limburg was a German nobleman. He was Count of Bentheim, Tecklenburg and Steinfurt, and jure uxoris Count of Limburg. He ruled as Arnold IV in Bentheim and Tecklenburg, and as Arnold II in Steinfurt. In Limburg, he was the first Count named Arnold and hence just the name distinctive.
1503
1. Peter II, Duke of Bourbon (b. 1438) deaths
  1. Peter II, Duke of Bourbon
    
    Peter II, Duke of Bourbon, was the son of Charles I, Duke of Bourbon, and Agnes of Burgundy, and a member of the House of Bourbon. He and his wife Anne of France ruled as regents during the minority of Charles VIII of France.
1486
1. Charles III, Duke of Savoy (d. 1553) births
  1. Charles III, Duke of Savoy
    
    Charles III of Savoy, often called Charles the Good, was Duke of Savoy from 1504 to 1553, although most of his lands were ruled by the French between 1536 and his death.
1421
1. John Paston, English politician (d. 1466) births
  1. John Paston (died 1466)
    
    John Paston I was an English country gentleman and landowner. He was the eldest son of the judge William Paston, Justice of the Common Pleas. After he succeeded his father in 1444, his life was marked by conflict occasioned by a power struggle in East Anglia between the dukes of Suffolk and Norfolk, and by his involvement in the affairs of his wife's kinsman, Sir John Fastolf. Between 1460–1466 he was Justice of the Peace for Norfolk, and was elected as a member of parliament in 1460 and again in 1461. A number of his letters survive among the Paston Letters, a rich source of historical information for the lives of the English gentry of the period.
1359
1. Hugh IV of Cyprus (b. 1295) deaths
  1. Hugh IV of Cyprus
    
    Hugh IV was King of Cyprus from 31 March 1324 to his abdication, on 24 November 1358 and, nominally, King of Jerusalem, as Hugh II, until his death. The son of Guy, Constable of Cyprus, and Eschiva of Ibelin, Hugh succeeded his father as Constable of Cyprus in 1318, and later succeeded to the throne of Cyprus on the death of his uncle Henry II, since Henry II had no son. He was a member of the House of Poitiers-Lusignan.
1355
1. Zhu Biao, Chinese prince (d. 1392) births
  1. Zhu Biao
    
    Zhu Biao was the Hongwu Emperor's eldest son and crown prince of the Ming dynasty. His early death created a crisis in the dynasty's first succession that was resolved by the successful usurpation of his brother Zhu Di as the Yongle Emperor, an act with far-reaching consequences for the future of China.
1344
1. Mary of Waltham, duchess of Brittany (d. 1361) births
  1. Mary of Waltham
    
    Mary of Waltham, Duchess of Brittany, was a daughter of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault and was the wife of John IV, Duke of Brittany, known in England as "John V" and "The Conqueror". Mary was made a Lady of the Garter in 1378.
1332
1. King Charles II of Navarre (d. 1387) births
  1. Charles II of Navarre
    
    Charles II, called Charles the Bad, was King of Navarre 1349–1387 and Count of Évreux 1343–1387.
1308
1. Patrick Dunbar, 8th Earl of Dunbar deaths
  1. Patrick IV, Earl of March
    
    Patrick IV, 8th Earl of Dunbar and Earl of March, sometimes called Patrick de Dunbar "8th" Earl of March, was the most important magnate in the border regions of Scotland. He was one of the Competitors for the Crown of Scotland.
1213
1. Frederick II, Duke of Lorraine deaths
  1. Frederick II, Duke of Lorraine
    
    Frederick II was the duke of Lorraine.
1149
1. Al-Hafiz, Fatimid imam-caliph (b. 1074/77) deaths
  1. Al-Hafiz
    
    Abūʾl-Maymūn ʿAbd al-Majīd ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Mustanṣir, better known by his regnal name as al-Ḥāfiẓ li-Dīn Allāh, was the eleventh Fatimid caliph, ruling over Egypt from 1132 to his death in 1149, and the 21st imam of Hafizi Isma'ilism.
  2. Fatimid Caliphate
    
    The Fatimid Caliphate was an Ismaili Shi'a caliphate extant from the tenth to the twelfth centuries AD. Spanning a large area of North Africa, it ranged from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Red Sea in the east. The Fatimids, a dynasty of Arab origin, trace their ancestry to Muhammad's daughter Fatima and her husband ‘Ali b. Abi Talib, the first Shi‘a imam. The Fatimids were acknowledged as the rightful imams by different Isma‘ili communities, but also in many other Muslim lands, including Persia and the adjacent regions. Originating during the Abbasid Caliphate, the Fatimids conquered Tunisia and established the city of "al-Mahdiyya". The Ismaili dynasty ruled territories across the Mediterranean coast of Africa and ultimately made Egypt the center of the caliphate. At its height, the caliphate included – in addition to Egypt – varying areas of the Maghreb, Sudan, Sicily, the Levant, and the Hijaz.
937
1. Wang Lingmou, chancellor of Wu deaths
  1. Wang Lingmou
    
    Wang Lingmou was a close associate of Xu Zhigao, the regent of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period state Wu. As Xu's close associate, Wang served as a chancellor of Wu late in its history, and urged Xu to take over its throne, but died shortly before Xu actually did.
  2. Yang Wu
    
    Wu, also referred to as Huainan (淮南), Hongnong (弘農), Southern Wu (南吳), or Yang Wu (楊吳), was one of the Ten Kingdoms in eastern China which was in existence from 907 to 937. Its capital was Jiangdu Municipality (江都).
867
1. Li Siyuan, Chinese emperor (d. 933) births
  1. Li Siyuan
    
    Li Siyuan, also known by his temple name as the Emperor Mingzong of Later Tang (後唐明宗), was the second emperor of the Later Tang dynasty of China, reigning from 926 until his death. He was an ethnic Shatuo originally named, in the Shatuo language, Miaojilie (邈佶烈).
827
1. Pope Valentine (b. 800) deaths
  1. Pope Valentine
    
    Pope Valentine was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States for two months in 827. He was unusually close to his predecessor, Eugene II, rumoured to be his son or his lover, and became pope before being ordained as a priest. He was a nobleman and elected by nobility, which later became the custom.
786
1. Saga, emperor of Japan (d. 842) births
  1. Emperor Saga
    
    Emperor Saga was the 52nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Saga's reign spanned the years from 809 through 823.
680
1. Abbas ibn Ali, son of Imam Ali deaths
  1. Abbas ibn Ali
    
    Al-Abbas ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib, also known as Abu al-Fadl, was a son of the Muslim caliph and Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib, who was the cousin, son-in-law, and companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. His mother was Fatima bint Hizam, commonly known as Umm al-Banin, not to be confused with Fatima, the daughter of the Prophet.
  2. Ali
    
    ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib was the last of four Rightly Guided Caliphs to rule Islam immediately after the death of Muhammad, and he was the first Shia Imam. The issue of his succession caused a major rift between Muslims and divided them into Shia and Sunni groups. Ali was assassinated in the Grand Mosque of Kufa in 661 by the forces of Mu'awiya, who went on to found the Umayyad Caliphate. The Imam Ali Shrine and the city of Najaf were built around Ali's tomb and it is visited yearly by millions of devotees.
2. Ali al-Akbar ibn Husayn, son of Al-Husayn deaths
  1. Ali al-Akbar ibn Husayn
    
    Ali al-Akbar ibn al-Husayn, commonly known as simply Ali al-Akbar, was the son of Al-Husayn ibn Ali, the third Imam, and Umm Layla. He was martyred at the age of 18 on the day of Ashura, in the Battle of Karbala. According to Jean Calmard writing in Iranica, ‘Ali al-Akbar's reputation as a valiant warrior of the Household of Muhammad might have preceded that of Al-‘Abbas ibn ‘Ali.
  2. Husayn ibn Ali
    
    Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib was a grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a son of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Muhammad's daughter Fatima, as well as a younger brother of Hasan ibn Ali. He is claimed to be the third Imam of Shia Islam after his brother, Hasan, and before his son, Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin. Being a grandson of the prophet, he is a member of the Ahl al-Bayt. He is also considered to be a member of the Ahl al-Kisa, and a participant in the event of Mubahala. Muhammad described him and his brother, Hasan, as "the leaders of the youth of Paradise."
3. Habib ibn Madhahir deaths
  1. Habib ibn Muzahir
    
    Ḥabīb ibn Muẓāhir al-Asadī was of the Banu Asad clan, and one of the companions of Ali, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali. He was one of the people of Kufa who sent letters to Husayn ibn Ali and invited him to Kufa. Though, when he realized that people of Kufa have broken their allegiance to Husayn, he left Kufa, joined Husayn, and was martyred at the age of 75 while fighting in Husayn's army, in Karbala.
4. Husayn ibn Ali, third Shia Imam and grandson of Muhammad (b. 626) deaths
  1. Husayn ibn Ali
    
    Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib was a grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a son of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Muhammad's daughter Fatima, as well as a younger brother of Hasan ibn Ali. He is claimed to be the third Imam of Shia Islam after his brother, Hasan, and before his son, Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin. Being a grandson of the prophet, he is a member of the Ahl al-Bayt. He is also considered to be a member of the Ahl al-Kisa, and a participant in the event of Mubahala. Muhammad described him and his brother, Hasan, as "the leaders of the youth of Paradise."
  2. Imam
    
    Imam is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a worship leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Islamic worship services, lead prayers, serve as community leaders, and provide religious guidance. Thus for Sunnis, anyone can study the basic Islamic sciences and become an Imam.
  3. Muhammad
    
    Muhammad was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monotheistic teachings of Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets. He is believed to be the Seal of the Prophets within Islam. Muhammad united Arabia into a single Muslim polity, with the Quran as well as his teachings and practices forming the basis of Islamic religious belief.
644
1. Paulinus of York, English bishop and missionary deaths
  1. Paulinus of York
    
    Paulinus was a Roman missionary and the first Bishop of York. A member of the Gregorian mission sent in 601 by Pope Gregory I to Christianize the Anglo-Saxons from their native Anglo-Saxon paganism, Paulinus arrived in England by 604 with the second missionary group. Little is known of Paulinus's activities in the following two decades.
19
1. Tiberius Gemellus, Roman son of Drusus Julius Caesar and Livilla (d. 38) births
  1. AD 19
    
    AD 19 (XIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Silanus and Balbus. The denomination AD 19 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
  2. Tiberius Gemellus
    
    Tiberius Julius Caesar Nero Gemellus, known as Tiberius Gemellus was the son of Drusus and Livilla, the grandson of the Emperor Tiberius, and the cousin of the Emperor Caligula. Gemellus is a nickname meaning "the twin". His twin brother, Tiberius Claudius Caesar Germanicus II Gemellus, died as a young child in 23. His father and older cousins died, and are suspected by contemporary sources as having been systematically eliminated by the powerful praetorian prefect Sejanus. Their removal allowed Gemellus and Caligula to be named joint-heirs by Tiberius in 35, a decision that ultimately resulted in Caligula assuming power and having Gemellus killed in late 37 or early 38.
  3. Drusus Julius Caesar
    
    Drusus Julius Caesar, was the son of Emperor Tiberius, and heir to the Roman Empire following the death of his adoptive brother Germanicus in AD 19.
  4. Livilla
    
    Claudia Livia was the only daughter of Nero Claudius Drusus and Antonia Minor and sister to Roman Emperor Claudius and general Germanicus, and thus paternal aunt of emperor Caligula and maternal great-aunt of emperor Nero, as well as the niece and daughter-in-law of Tiberius. She was named after her grandmother, Augustus' wife Livia Drusilla, and commonly known by her family nickname Livilla. She was born after Germanicus and before Claudius.
2. Germanicus, Roman general (b. 15 BC) deaths
  1. AD 19
    
    AD 19 (XIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Silanus and Balbus. The denomination AD 19 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
  2. Germanicus
    
    Germanicus Julius Caesar was an ancient Roman general, known for his campaigns in Germania. The son of Nero Claudius Drusus and Antonia the Younger, Germanicus was born into an influential branch of the patrician gens Claudia. The agnomen Germanicus was added to his full name in 9 BC when it was posthumously awarded to his father in honour of his victories in Germania. In AD 4, he was adopted by his paternal uncle Tiberius, who succeeded Augustus as Roman emperor a decade later. As a result, Germanicus became an official member of the gens Julia, another prominent family, to which he was related on his mother's side. His connection to the Julii was further consolidated through a marriage between himself and Agrippina the Elder, a granddaughter of Augustus. He was also the father of Caligula, the maternal grandfather of Nero, and the older brother of Claudius.

Holidays

Arbor Day (Poland)
1. Arbor Day
  
  Arbor Day is a secular day of observance in which individuals and groups are encouraged to plant trees. Today, many countries observe such a holiday. Though usually observed in the spring, the date varies, depending on climate and suitable planting season.
Army Day (Sri Lanka)
1. Armed Forces Day
  
  Many nations around the world observe some kind of Armed Forces Day to honor their military forces. This day is not to be confused with Veterans Day or Memorial Day.
2. Sri Lanka
  
  Sri Lanka, formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, and southeast of the Arabian Sea; it is separated from the Indian subcontinent by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait. Sri Lanka shares a maritime border with India and the Maldives. Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is its legislative capital, and Colombo is its largest city and financial centre.
Capital Liberation Day (Vietnam)
1. Public holidays in Vietnam
2. Vietnam
  
  Vietnam or Viet Nam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of 311,699 square kilometres (120,348 sq mi) and population of 96 million, making it the world's fifteenth-most populous country. Vietnam borders China to the north, and Laos and Cambodia to the west. It shares maritime borders with Thailand through the Gulf of Thailand, and the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia through the South China Sea. Its capital is Hanoi and its largest city is Ho Chi Minh City.
Christian feast day: Blessed Angela Truszkowska
1. Angela Truszkowska
  
  Angela Truszkowska was a Polish nun who has been beatified by the Roman Catholic Church. Foundress of the Felician Sisters, she forged one of the first active-contemplative communities that, nearly a century and a half later, would grow to include more than 1,800 vowed Sisters over four continents serving in an array of ministries.
Christian feast day: Cerbonius
1. Cerbonius
  
  Saint Cerbonius was a bishop of Populonia during the Barbarian invasions. Saint Gregory the Great praises him in Book XI of his Dialogues.
Christian feast day: Daniel Comboni
1. Daniele Comboni
  
  Daniele Comboni was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop who served in the missions in Africa and was the founder of both the Comboni Missionaries of the Heart of Jesus and the Comboni Missionary Sisters. Comboni studied under Nicola Mazza in Verona where he became a multi-linguist and in 1849 vowed to join the missions in the African continent although this did not occur until 1857 when he travelled to Sudan. He continued to travel back and forth from his assignment to his native land in order to found his congregations and attend to other matters, and returned in 1870 for the First Vatican Council in Rome until its premature closing due to conflict.
Christian feast day: Eulampius and Eulampia
1. Eulampius and Eulampia
  
  Saints Eulampius and Eulampia are venerated as 3rd century Christian martyrs. According to tradition, they were brother and sister and natives of Nicomedia and were executed during the reign of Roman emperor Maximinus.
Christian feast day: Gereon and companions
1. Gereon
  
  Saint Gereon of Cologne, who may have been a soldier, was martyred at Cologne by beheading, probably in the early 4th century.
Christian feast day: Blessed María Catalina Irigoyen Echegaray (Maria Desposorios)
1. María Catalina Irigoyen Echegaray
  
  María Catalina Irigoyen Echegaray - in religious María Desposorios - was a Spanish Roman Catholic professed religious and a professed member from the Siervos de María Ministros de los Enfermos. From her adolescence she worked to comfort and tend to the old and ill and her religious call manifested while doing this work; she entered the order where her work increased.
Christian feast day: Paulinus of York (in England)
1. Paulinus of York
  
  Paulinus was a Roman missionary and the first Bishop of York. A member of the Gregorian mission sent in 601 by Pope Gregory I to Christianize the Anglo-Saxons from their native Anglo-Saxon paganism, Paulinus arrived in England by 604 with the second missionary group. Little is known of Paulinus's activities in the following two decades.
Christian feast day: Pinytus
1. Pinytus
  
  Saint Pinytus, a Greek by birth, was Bishop of Knossos in Crete in the late 2nd century.
Christian feast day: Tanca
1. Tanca
  
  Saint Tanca is the name of a sixth-century French Roman Catholic saint.
Christian feast day: Vida Dutton Scudder (Episcopal Church)
1. Vida Dutton Scudder
  
  Julia Vida Dutton Scudder (1861–1954) was an American educator, writer, and welfare activist in the social gospel movement.
2. Calendar of saints (Episcopal Church)
  
  The veneration of saints in the Episcopal Church is a continuation of an ancient tradition from the early Church which honors important and influential people of the Christian faith. The usage of the term saint is similar to Roman Catholic and Orthodox traditions. Episcopalians believe in the communion of saints in prayer and as such the Episcopal liturgical calendar accommodates feasts for saints.
Christian feast day: Viktor of Xanten
1. Viktor of Xanten
  
  Viktor of Xanten was a martyr and saint of the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox Church alive during the 4th century AD. Since the 12th century, his presumed bones have been kept in a shrine, which is embedded into the high altar of the Xanten Cathedral today. His feast day is October 10.
Christian feast day: October 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
1. October 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  
  October 9 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - October 11
Constitution Day (Sint Maarten)
1. Public holidays in Sint Maarten
  
  This is a list of public holidays in Sint Maarten.
2. Sint Maarten
  
  Sint Maarten is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Caribbean. With a population of 41,486 as of January 2019 on an area of 41.44 km2 (16.00 sq mi), it encompasses the southern 44% of the divided island of Saint Martin, while the northern 56% of the island constitutes the French overseas collectivity of Saint Martin. Sint Maarten's capital is Philipsburg. Collectively, Sint Maarten and the other Dutch islands in the Caribbean are often called the Dutch Caribbean.
Curaçao Day, anniversary of autonomy
1. Public holidays in Curaçao
  
  This is a list of public holidays in Curaçao.
Double Ten Day (The National Day of Republic of China), celebrates outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising in 1911 that led to founding of the Republic of China in 1912
1. National Day of the Republic of China
  
  The National Day of the Republic of China or the Taiwan National Day, also referred to as Double Ten Day or Double Tenth Day, is a public holiday on 10 October, now held annually in Taiwan. It was also celebrated in mainland China during the Mainland Period of the ROC before 1949, the date continues to be observed by the subsequent People's Republic of China as the Anniversary of the Xinhai Revolution but not as a public holiday. It commemorates the start of the Wuchang Uprising on 10 October 1911 which ultimately led to the collapse of the imperial Qing dynasty and establishment of the Republic of China on 1 January 1912.
2. Wuchang Uprising
  
  The Wuchang Uprising was an armed rebellion against the ruling Qing dynasty that took place in Wuchang, Hubei, China on 10 October 1911, beginning the Xinhai Revolution that successfully overthrew China's last imperial dynasty. It was led by elements of the New Army, influenced by revolutionary ideas from Tongmenghui. The uprising and the eventual revolution directly led to the downfall of the Qing dynasty with almost three centuries of imperial rule, and the establishment of the Republic of China (ROC), which commemorates the anniversary of the uprising's starting date of 10 October as the National Day of the Republic of China.
3. Republic of China (1912–1949)
  
  The Republic of China (ROC), between 1912 and 1949, was a sovereign state recognised as the official designation of China when it was based on Mainland China, prior to the relocation of its central government to Taiwan as a result of the Chinese Civil War. At a population of 541 million in 1949, it was the world's most populous country. Covering 11.4 million square kilometres, it consisted of 35 provinces, 1 special administrative region, 2 regions, 12 special municipalities, 14 leagues, and 4 special banners. The People's Republic of China (PRC), which rules mainland China today, considers ROC as a country that ceased to exist since 1949; thus, the history of ROC before 1949 is often referred to as Republican Era of China. The ROC, now based in Taiwan, today considers itself a continuation of the country, thus calling the period of its mainland governance as the Mainland Period of the Republic of China in Taiwan.
Fiji Day, celebrates the independence of Fiji from United Kingdom in 1970
1. Fiji Week
  
  Fiji Week is a week of festivities culminating in Fiji Day on 10 October annually. A different theme is chosen every year, but common elements include religious ceremonies and cultural performances.
2. Fiji
  
  Fiji, officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about 1,100 nautical miles north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists of an archipelago of more than 330 islands—of which about 110 are permanently inhabited—and more than 500 islets, amounting to a total land area of about 18,300 square kilometres (7,100 sq mi). The most outlying island group is Ono-i-Lau. About 87% of the total population of 924,610 live on the two major islands, Viti Levu and Vanua Levu. About three-quarters of Fijians live on Viti Levu's coasts: either in the capital city of Suva; or in smaller urban centres such as Nadi—where tourism is the major local industry; or in Lautoka, where the sugar-cane industry is dominant. The interior of Viti Levu is sparsely inhabited because of its terrain.
Finnish Literature Day (Finland)
1. Flag flying days in Finland
  
  Flag flying days in Finland are days of the year when the national flag is flown nationwide, either by law or by custom. The flag of Finland is generally flown only on special occasions to celebrate or honour someone or something. On certain days of the year the state officially flies the flag, and recommends all private citizens to do so as well, these are the flag flying days as listed below. Any citizen has a right to fly the flag on their own property if they deem it appropriate, for example in celebration of birthdays or weddings in the family. Midsummer's day is additionally celebrated as Flag Day in Finland.
Independence Day, commemorates the proclamation of Cuba's independence from Spain and the beginning of the Ten Years' War in 1868.
1. Public holidays in Cuba
2. Ten Years' War
  
  The Ten Years' War, also known as the Great War and the War of '68, was part of Cuba's fight for independence from Spain. The uprising was led by Cuban-born planters and other wealthy natives. On 10 October 1868, sugar mill owner Carlos Manuel de Céspedes and his followers proclaimed independence, beginning the conflict. This was the first of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain, the other two being the Little War (1879–1880) and the Cuban War of Independence (1895–1898). The final three months of the last conflict escalated with United States involvement, leading to the Spanish–American War.
Party Foundation Day (North Korea)
1. Party Foundation Day
  
  The Party Foundation Day is an annual public holiday in North Korea marking the 10 October 1945 foundation of the "Central Organizing Committee of the Communist Party of North Korea", known as the "North Korea Bureau of the Communist Party of Korea" in the West and considered a predecessor to the ruling Workers' Party of Korea.
2. North Korea
  
  North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu (Amnok) and Tumen rivers, and South Korea to the south at the Korean Demilitarized Zone. North Korea's border with South Korea is a disputed border as both countries claim the entirety of the Korean Peninsula. The country's western border is formed by the Yellow Sea, while its eastern border is defined by the Sea of Japan. North Korea, like its southern counterpart, claims to be the legitimate government of the entire peninsula and adjacent islands. Pyongyang is the capital and largest city.
World Day Against the Death Penalty
1. World Day Against the Death Penalty
  
  World Day Against the Death Penalty is a day to advocate for the abolition of the death penalty and to raise awareness of the conditions and the circumstances which affect prisoners with death sentences. The day was first organised by the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty in 2003. It has since taken place annually on 10 October.
World Mental Health Day
1. World Mental Health Day
  
  World Mental Health Day is an international day for global mental health education, awareness and advocacy against social stigma. It was first celebrated in 1992 at the initiative of the World Federation for Mental Health, a global mental health organization with members and contacts in more than 150 countries. This day, each October, thousands of supporters come to celebrate this annual awareness program to bring attention to mental illness and its major effects on people's lives worldwide. In addition, this day provides an opportunity for mental health professionals to discuss and shed light on their work, making mental health a priority worldwide. In some countries this day is part of an awareness week, such as Mental Health Week in Australia.
World Porridge Day
1. World Porridge Day
  
  World Porridge Day, on 10 October, is an international event related to porridge. The first of the days was held in 2009. The event is organized to raise funds for the charity Mary's Meals, based in Argyll, Scotland, to aid starving children in developing countries. The organization "feeds the nutrient-rich maize-based porridge Likuni Phala to about 320,000 children in Malawi each year." The 2009 day included gatherings in the United States, France, Malawi, Bosnia and Sweden.

Important events in history on October 10 th

Events

Ben Bernanke

Douglas Diamond

Philip H. Dybvig

2022 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences

Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences

Hurricane Michael

Florida Panhandle

Florida

2015 Ankara bombings

Netherlands Antilles

Armenia

Turkey

Zurich Protocols

Armenia–Turkey relations

Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor

Soyuz TMA-11

Iraq War

United States Congress

Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002

Lignes Aériennes Congolaises (1997–2003)

1998 Lignes Aériennes Congolaises crash

Kindu

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Austral Líneas Aéreas Flight 2553

Vidyasagar Setu

Cable-stayed bridge

Kolkata

Howrah

1986 San Salvador earthquake

Achille Lauro hijacking

1980 El Asnam earthquake

Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front

Olkiluoto Nuclear Power Plant

Eurajoki

Papua New Guinea

United Nations

Spiro Agnew

Tax noncompliance

Spiro Agnew

Fiji

October Crisis

Pierre Laporte

Front de libération du Québec

Outer Space Treaty

1964 Summer Olympics

Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

Nuclear weapons testing

Nuclear weapon

Underground nuclear weapons testing

Bizerte

Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Komla Agbeli Gbedemah

Windscale fire

Muscat and Oman

Fahud

Jebel Akhdar War

Imamate of Oman

Double Tenth Agreement

Chinese Communist Party

Kuomintang

World War II

Kenpeitai

Imperial Japanese Army

Double Tenth incident

Operation Jaywick

Munich Agreement

Czechoslovakia

Sudetenland

Coup d'état

Second Hellenic Republic

Sabotage

Boeing 247

United Airlines

United Air Lines Trip 23

Chesterton, Indiana

United Air Lines Trip 23

Chiang Kai-shek

Important events in history
on October 10 ^th