Important events in history
on October 5 ^th

Events

2011
1. Two Chinese cargo ships were attacked on a stretch of the Mekong River in the Golden Triangle area of Southeast Asia, and their crews murdered.
  1. Mekong River massacre
    
    The Mekong River massacre occurred on the morning of 5 October 2011, when two Chinese cargo ships were attacked on a stretch of the Mekong River in the Golden Triangle region on the borders of Myanmar (Burma) and Thailand. All 13 crew members on the two ships were killed and dumped in the river. It was the deadliest attack on Chinese nationals abroad in modern times. In response, China temporarily suspended shipping on the Mekong, and reached an agreement with Myanmar, Thailand and Laos to jointly patrol the river. The event was also the impetus for the Naypyidaw Declaration and other anti-drug cooperation efforts in the region. On 28 October 2011, Thai authorities arrested nine Pha Muang Task Force soldiers, who subsequently "disappeared from the justice system". Drug lord Naw Kham and three subordinates were eventually tried and executed by the Chinese government for their roles in the massacre.
  2. Mekong
    
    The Mekong or Mekong River is a trans-boundary river in East Asia and Southeast Asia. It is the world's twelfth longest river and the third longest in Asia. Its estimated length is 4,909 km (3,050 mi), and it drains an area of 795,000 km2 (307,000 sq mi), discharging 475 km3 (114 cu mi) of water annually. From the Tibetan Plateau the river runs through China, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam. The extreme seasonal variations in flow and the presence of rapids and waterfalls in the Mekong make navigation difficult. Even so, the river is a major trade route between western China and Southeast Asia.
  3. Golden Triangle (Southeast Asia)
    
    The Golden Triangle is the area where the borders of Thailand, Laos, and Myanmar meet at the confluence of the Ruak and Mekong rivers. The name "Golden Triangle"—coined by the CIA—is commonly used more broadly to refer to an area of approximately 950,000 square kilometres (367,000 sq mi) that overlaps the mountains of the three adjacent countries.
2. In the Mekong River massacre, two Chinese cargo boats are hijacked and 13 crew members murdered.
  1. Mekong River massacre
    
    The Mekong River massacre occurred on the morning of 5 October 2011, when two Chinese cargo ships were attacked on a stretch of the Mekong River in the Golden Triangle region on the borders of Myanmar (Burma) and Thailand. All 13 crew members on the two ships were killed and dumped in the river. It was the deadliest attack on Chinese nationals abroad in modern times. In response, China temporarily suspended shipping on the Mekong, and reached an agreement with Myanmar, Thailand and Laos to jointly patrol the river. The event was also the impetus for the Naypyidaw Declaration and other anti-drug cooperation efforts in the region. On 28 October 2011, Thai authorities arrested nine Pha Muang Task Force soldiers, who subsequently "disappeared from the justice system". Drug lord Naw Kham and three subordinates were eventually tried and executed by the Chinese government for their roles in the massacre.
2000
1. Mass demonstrations in Serbia force the resignation of Slobodan Milošević.
  1. Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević
    
    The overthrow of Slobodan Milošević in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, began after the presidential election on 24 September and culminated in the downfall of Slobodan Milošević's government on 5 October 2000. It is sometimes referred to as the 5 October Overthrow and sometimes colloquially called the Bager revolucija, after one of the most memorable episodes from the day-long protest in which a heavy equipment operator charged the Radio Television of Serbia building, considered to be symbolic of the Milošević regime's propaganda.
1999
1. Two trains collided head-on at Ladbroke Grove, London, killing 31 people, injuring 417, and severely damaging public confidence in the management and regulation of safety of Britain's privatised railway system.
  1. Ladbroke Grove rail crash
    
    The Ladbroke Grove rail crash was a rail accident which occurred on 5 October 1999 at Ladbroke Grove in London, England, when two passenger trains collided almost head-on after one of them had passed a signal at danger. With 31 people killed and 417 injured, it remains one of the worst rail accidents in 20th-century British history.
  2. Ladbroke Grove
    
    Ladbroke Grove is an area and a road in West London in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, passing through Kensal Green and Notting Hill, running north–south between Harrow Road and Holland Park Avenue.
  3. Rail transport in Great Britain
    
    The railway system in Great Britain is the oldest railway system in the world. The first locomotive-hauled public railway opened in 1825, which was followed by an era of rapid expansion. Most of the track is managed by Network Rail, which in 2017 had a network of 15,811 kilometres (9,824 mi) of standard-gauge lines, of which 5,374 kilometres (3,339 mi) were electrified. These lines range from single to quadruple track or more. In addition, some cities have separate metro, light rail and tram systems. There are also many private railways, which are primarily short lines for tourists. The main rail network is connected with that of continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel and High Speed 1, which fully opened in 1994 and 2007 respectively.
2. The Ladbroke Grove rail crash in west London kills 31 people.
  1. Ladbroke Grove rail crash
    
    The Ladbroke Grove rail crash was a rail accident which occurred on 5 October 1999 at Ladbroke Grove in London, England, when two passenger trains collided almost head-on after one of them had passed a signal at danger. With 31 people killed and 417 injured, it remains one of the worst rail accidents in 20th-century British history.
1991
1. An Indonesian Air Force C-130 crash kills 135 people.
  1. 1991 Jakarta Indonesian Air Force C-130 crash
    
    The 1991 Indonesian Air Force Lockheed C-130 Hercules crash happened on 5 October 1991 when an Indonesian Air Force Lockheed C-130H-30 Hercules, A-1324, crashed shortly after takeoff from Jakarta-Halim Perdana Kusuma Airport due to an engine fire.
1990
1. After 150 years The Herald newspaper in Melbourne, Australia, is published for the last time as a separate newspaper.
  1. The Herald (Melbourne)
    
    The Herald was a morning and, later, evening broadsheet newspaper published in Melbourne, Australia, from 3 January 1840 to 5 October 1990, which is when it merged with its sister morning newspaper The Sun News-Pictorial to form the Herald-Sun.
1988
1. During the United States vice-presidential debate, Democratic candidate Lloyd Bentsen told his opponent Dan Quayle, "Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy."
  1. Lloyd Bentsen
    
    Lloyd Millard Bentsen Jr. was an American politician who was a four-term United States Senator (1971–1993) from Texas and the Democratic Party nominee for vice president in 1988 on the Michael Dukakis ticket. He also served as the 69th United States Secretary of the Treasury under President Bill Clinton.
  2. Dan Quayle
    
    James Danforth Quayle is an American politician who served as the 44th vice president of the United States from 1989 to 1993 under President George H. W. Bush. Before that, Quayle served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for Indiana's 4th district from 1977 to 1981 and as a U.S. senator from Indiana from 1981 to 1989. Quayle unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for president in 2000.
  3. Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy
    
    "Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy" was a remark made during the 1988 United States vice-presidential debate by Democratic vice-presidential candidate Senator Lloyd Bentsen to Republican vice-presidential candidate Senator Dan Quayle in response to Quayle's mentioning the name of John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States. Since then, the words "You're no Jack Kennedy," or some variation on the remark, have become a part of the political lexicon as a way to deflate politicians or other individuals perceived as thinking too highly of themselves. Michael Dukakis and Bentsen later went on to lose the 1988 United States presidential election to George H. W. Bush and Quayle, who thus became Vice President of the United States.
2. A Chilean opposition coalition defeats Augusto Pinochet in his re-election attempt.
  1. 1988 Chilean national plebiscite
    
    The 1988 Chilean national plebiscite was a national referendum held on 5 October 1988 to determine whether Chile's de facto leader, Augusto Pinochet, should extend his rule for another eight years through 1996. The "No" side won with nearly 56% of the vote, indicating the end of Pinochet's fifteen and a half years in power. After democratic elections in 1989, a new government took power in 1990.
1986
1. Eugene Hasenfus's plane was shot down by Nicaraguan forces while carrying weapons to the Contra rebels on behalf of the U.S. government; he was subsequently captured, leading to an international controversy.
  1. Eugene Hasenfus
    
    Eugene H. Hasenfus is a former United States Marine who helped fly weapons shipments on behalf of the U.S. government to the rebel Contras in Nicaragua. The sole survivor after his plane was shot down by the Nicaraguan government in 1986, he was sentenced to 30 years in prison for terrorism and other charges, but pardoned and released the same year. The statements of admission he made to the Sandinista government resulted in a controversy in the U.S. government, after the Reagan administration denied any connection to him.
  2. Corporate Air Services HPF821
    
    Corporate Air Services HPF821 was a transport aircraft delivering weapons via clandestine airdrop to the Nicaraguan Contras which was shot down over Nicaragua on 5 October 1986 by a surface-to-air missile. Two U.S. pilots, Wallace "Buzz" Sawyer and William Cooper, and the Nicaraguan nationalist radio operator Freddy Vilches died when the Fairchild C-123 Provider was shot down by a Sandinista soldier using an SA-7 shoulder-launched missile, while Eugene Hasenfus, the U.S. "kicker" responsible for pushing the cargo out of the aircraft, survived by parachuting to safety. The aircraft was carrying "60 collapsible AK-47 rifles, 50,000 AK-47 rifle cartridges, several dozen RPG-7 grenade launchers and 150 pairs of jungle boots".
  3. Contras
    
    The Contras were the various U.S.-backed and funded right-wing rebel groups that were active from 1979 to 1990 in opposition to the Marxist Sandinista Junta of National Reconstruction Government in Nicaragua, which came to power in 1979 following the Nicaraguan Revolution. Among the separate contra groups, the Nicaraguan Democratic Force (FDN) emerged as the largest by far. In 1987, virtually all Contra organizations were united, at least nominally, into the Nicaraguan Resistance.
  4. Iran–Contra affair
    
    The Iran–Contra affair, often referred to as the Iran–Contra scandal, the McFarlane affair, or simply Iran–Contra, was a political scandal in the United States that occurred during the second term of the Reagan administration. Between 1981 and 1986, senior administration officials secretly facilitated the sale of arms to Iran, which was the subject of an arms embargo. The administration hoped to use the proceeds of the arms sale to fund the Contras, a right-wing rebel group, in Nicaragua. Under the Boland Amendment, further funding of the Contras by the government had been prohibited by Congress.
2. Mordechai Vanunu's story in The Sunday Times reveals Israel's secret nuclear weapons.
  1. Mordechai Vanunu
    
    Mordechai Vanunu, also known as John Crossman, is an Israeli former nuclear technician and peace activist who, citing his opposition to weapons of mass destruction, revealed details of Israel's nuclear weapons program to the British press in 1986. He was subsequently lured to Italy by the Israeli intelligence agency Mossad, where he was drugged and abducted. He was secretly transported to Israel and ultimately convicted in a trial that was held behind closed doors.
1984
1. Marc Garneau becomes the first Canadian in space.
  1. Marc Garneau
    
    Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau is a Canadian politician, retired Royal Canadian Navy officer and former astronaut who served as a Cabinet minister from 2015 to 2021. A member of the Liberal Party, Garneau was the minister of foreign affairs from January to October 2021 and minister of transport from November 2015 to January 2021. He is the Member of Parliament (MP) for Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount.
1982
1. Tylenol products are recalled after bottles in Chicago laced with cyanide cause seven deaths.
  1. Chicago Tylenol murders
    
    The Chicago Tylenol murders were a series of poisoning deaths resulting from drug tampering in the Chicago metropolitan area in 1982. The victims had all taken Tylenol-branded acetaminophen capsules that had been laced with potassium cyanide. Seven people died in the original poisonings, with several more deaths in subsequent copycat crimes.
1975
1. Dirty War: The Argentine guerrilla group Montoneros carried out Operation Primicia, a terrorist attack in which they hijacked an Aerolíneas Argentinas flight, captured Formosa International Airport, and attacked a military regiment.
  1. Dirty War
    
    The Dirty War is the name used by the military junta or civic-military dictatorship of Argentina for the period of state terrorism in Argentina from 1974 to 1983 as a part of Operation Condor, during which military and security forces and right-wing death squads in the form of the Argentine Anticommunist Alliance hunted down any political dissidents and anyone believed to be associated with socialism, left-wing Peronism, or the Montoneros movement.
  2. Montoneros
    
    Montoneros was an Argentine left-wing Peronist guerrilla organization, active throughout the 1970s and early 1980s. The name is an allusion to the 19th-century cavalry militias called Montoneras, who fought for the Federalist Party during the Argentine Civil Wars.
  3. Operation Primicia
    
    Operation Primicia ("Scoop") was a large guerrilla assault that took place on 5 October 1975, in Formosa, Argentina. It was the largest attack ever launched by the paramilitary group Montoneros, which attempted to seize the barracks of the 29th Forest Infantry Regiment. The incident worsened the Dirty War, and indirectly led to the 1976 Argentine coup d'état the following year.
  4. Aerolíneas Argentinas
    
    Aerolíneas Argentinas, formally Aerolíneas Argentinas S.A., is Argentina's largest airline and the country's flag carrier. The airline was created in 1949 from the merger of four companies and started operations in December 1950. A consortium led by Iberia took control of the airline in 1990, and Grupo Marsans acquired the company and its subsidiaries in 2001, following a period of severe financial difficulties that put the airline on the brink of closure. The company has been run by the Argentine government since late 2008, when the country regained control of the airline after it was taken over from the Spanish owners. As of December 2014, Aerolíneas Argentinas was state-owned. It has its headquarters in Buenos Aires. SkyTeam membership was achieved in late August 2012; the airline's cargo division became a member of SkyTeam Cargo in November 2013.
  5. Formosa International Airport
    
    Formosa International Airport, also known as El Pucú Airport, is an international airport serving Formosa, Argentina, a city on the Paraguay River, which is locally the border between Argentina and Paraguay. The airport is operated by Aeropuertos Argentina 2000.
1974
1. Bombs planted by the PIRA in pubs in Guildford kill four British soldiers and one civilian.
  1. Guildford pub bombings
    
    The Guildford pub bombings occurred on 5 October 1974 when the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) detonated two 6-pound (2.7-kilogram) gelignite bombs at two pubs in Guildford, Surrey, England. The pubs were targeted because they were popular with British Army personnel stationed at Pirbright barracks. Four soldiers and one civilian were killed. Sixty-five people were wounded.
1973
1. Seven nations signed the European Patent Convention, providing an autonomous legal system according to which European patents are granted.
  1. European Patent Convention
    
    The European Patent Convention (EPC), also known as the Convention on the Grant of European Patents of 5 October 1973, is a multilateral treaty instituting the European Patent Organisation and providing an autonomous legal system according to which European patents are granted. The term European patent is used to refer to patents granted under the European Patent Convention. However, a European patent is not a unitary right, but a group of essentially independent nationally enforceable, nationally revocable patents, subject to central revocation or narrowing as a group pursuant to two types of unified, post-grant procedures: a time-limited opposition procedure, which can be initiated by any person except the patent proprietor, and limitation and revocation procedures, which can be initiated by the patent proprietor only.
1970
1. The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is founded.
  1. PBS
    
    The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcaster and non-commercial, free-to-air television network based in Arlington, Virginia. PBS is a publicly funded nonprofit organization and the most prominent provider of educational programming to public television stations in the United States, distributing shows such as Frontline, Nova, PBS NewsHour, Sesame Street, and This Old House.
2. The British Trade Commissioner, James Cross, is kidnapped by members of the Front de libération du Québec, triggering the October Crisis in Canada.
  1. Front de libération du Québec
    
    The Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) was a Marxist–Leninist and Quebec separatist guerrilla group. Founded in the early 1960s with the aim of establishing an independent and socialist Quebec through violent means, the FLQ was considered a terrorist group by the Canadian government. It conducted a number of attacks between 1963 and 1970, which totaled over 160 violent incidents and killed eight people and injured many more. These attacks culminated with the Montreal Stock Exchange bombing in 1969 and the October Crisis in 1970, the latter beginning with the kidnapping of British Trade Commissioner James Cross. In the subsequent negotiations, Quebec Labour Minister Pierre Laporte was kidnapped and murdered by a cell of the FLQ. Public outcry and a federal crackdown subsequently ended the crisis and resulted in a drastic loss of support for the FLQ, with a small number of FLQ members being granted refuge in Cuba.
  2. October Crisis
    
    The October Crisis refers to a chain of events that started in October 1970 when members of the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) kidnapped the provincial Labour Minister Pierre Laporte and British diplomat James Cross from his Montreal residence. These events saw the Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau invoking the War Measures Act for the first time in Canadian history during peacetime.
1968
1. A Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association march in Derry is violently suppressed by police.
  1. Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association
    
    The Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) was an organisation that campaigned for civil rights in Northern Ireland during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Formed in Belfast on 9 April 1967, the civil rights campaign attempted to achieve reform by publicising, documenting, and lobbying for an end to discrimination against Catholics in areas such as elections, discrimination in employment, in public housing and abuses of the Special Powers Act.
1966
1. A reactor at the Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station near Detroit suffers a partial meltdown.
  1. Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station
    
    The Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station is a nuclear power plant on the shore of Lake Erie near Monroe, in Frenchtown Charter Township, Michigan on approximately 1,000 acres (400 ha). All units of the plant are operated by the DTE Energy Electric Company and owned by parent company DTE Energy. It is approximately halfway between Detroit, Michigan, and Toledo, Ohio. It is also visible from parts of Amherstburg and Colchester, Ontario as well as on the shore of Lake Erie in Ottawa County, Ohio. Two units have been constructed on this site. The first unit's construction started on August 4, 1956 and reached initial criticality on August 23, 1963, and the second unit received its construction permit on September 26, 1972. It reached criticality on June 21, 1985 and was declared commercial on November 18, 1988. The plant is connected to two single-circuit 345 kV Transmission Lines and three 120 kV lines. They are operated and maintained by ITC Transmission.
1963
1. The U.S. suspended the Commercial Import Program, its main economic support for South Vietnam, in response to the oppression of Buddhists by President Ngô Đình Diệm (pictured).
  1. Commercial Import Program
    
    The Commercial Import Program, sometimes known as the Commodity Import Program (CIP), was an economic aid arrangement between South Vietnam and its main supporter, the United States. It lasted from January 1955 until the Fall of Saigon in 1975 and the dissolution of South Vietnam following the invasion by North Vietnam after US forces had withdrawn from the country due to the 1973 cease-fire agreement.
  2. South Vietnam
    
    South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam, was a country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975, the period when the southern portion of Vietnam was a member of the Western Bloc during part of the Cold War after the 1954 division of Vietnam. It first received international recognition in 1949 as the State of Vietnam within the French Union, with its capital at Saigon, before becoming a republic in 1955. South Vietnam was bordered by North Vietnam to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and Thailand across the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest. Its sovereignty was recognized by the United States and 87 other nations, though it failed to gain admission into the United Nations as a result of a Soviet veto in 1957. It was succeeded by the Republic of South Vietnam in 1975.
  3. Buddhist crisis
    
    The Buddhist crisis was a period of political and religious tension in South Vietnam between May and November 1963, characterized by a series of repressive acts by the South Vietnamese government and a campaign of civil resistance, led mainly by Buddhist monks.
  4. Ngo Dinh Diem
    
    Ngô Đình Diệm was a South Vietnamese politician. He was the final prime minister of the State of Vietnam (1954–1955), and then served as the first president of South Vietnam from 1955 until he was captured and assassinated during the 1963 military coup.
2. The United States suspends the Commercial Import Program in response to repression of the Buddhist majority by the regime of President Ngo Dinh Diem.
  1. Commercial Import Program
    
    The Commercial Import Program, sometimes known as the Commodity Import Program (CIP), was an economic aid arrangement between South Vietnam and its main supporter, the United States. It lasted from January 1955 until the Fall of Saigon in 1975 and the dissolution of South Vietnam following the invasion by North Vietnam after US forces had withdrawn from the country due to the 1973 cease-fire agreement.
  2. Buddhist crisis
    
    The Buddhist crisis was a period of political and religious tension in South Vietnam between May and November 1963, characterized by a series of repressive acts by the South Vietnamese government and a campaign of civil resistance, led mainly by Buddhist monks.
1962
1. "Love Me Do", the first single by the Beatles, was released in the United Kingdom.
  1. Love Me Do
    
    "Love Me Do" is the official debut single by the English rock band the Beatles, backed by "P.S. I Love You". When the single was originally released in the United Kingdom on 5 October 1962, it peaked at number 17. It was released in the United States in 1964, where it became a number one hit. Re-released in 1982 as part of EMI’s Beatles 20th anniversary, it re-entered the UK charts and peaked at number 4.
  2. The Beatles
    
    The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, that comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the most influential band of all time and were integral to the development of 1960s counterculture and popular music's recognition as an art form. Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock 'n' roll, their sound incorporated elements of classical music and traditional pop in innovative ways; the band also explored music styles ranging from folk and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock. As pioneers in recording, songwriting and artistic presentation, the Beatles revolutionised many aspects of the music industry and were often publicised as leaders of the era's youth and sociocultural movements.
2. Dr. No, the first James Bond film, was released.
  1. Dr. No (film)
    
    Dr. No is a 1962 spy film directed by Terence Young, and it is the first film in the James Bond series. Starring Sean Connery, Ursula Andress, Joseph Wiseman, and Jack Lord, it was adapted by Richard Maibaum, Johanna Harwood, and Berkely Mather from the 1958 novel of the same name by Ian Fleming. The film was produced by Harry Saltzman and Albert R. Broccoli, a partnership that continued until 1975. It was followed by From Russia With Love in 1963. In the film, James Bond is sent to Jamaica to investigate the disappearance of a fellow British agent. The trail leads him to the underground base of Dr. Julius No, who is plotting to disrupt an early American space launch from Cape Canaveral with a radio beam weapon.
  2. List of James Bond films
    
    James Bond is a fictional character created by British novelist Ian Fleming in 1953. A British secret agent working for MI6 under the codename 007, Bond has been portrayed on film in twenty-seven productions by actors Sean Connery, David Niven, George Lazenby, Roger Moore, Timothy Dalton, Pierce Brosnan, and Daniel Craig. Eon Productions, which now holds the adaptation rights to all of Fleming's Bond novels, made all but two films in the film series.
3. The first of the James Bond film series, based on the novels by Ian Fleming, Dr. No, is released in Britain.
  1. James Bond
    
    The James Bond series focuses on a fictional British Secret Service agent created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming, who featured him in twelve novels and two short-story collections. Since Fleming's death in 1964, eight other authors have written authorised Bond novels or novelisations: Kingsley Amis, Christopher Wood, John Gardner, Raymond Benson, Sebastian Faulks, Jeffery Deaver, William Boyd, and Anthony Horowitz. The latest novel is With a Mind to Kill by Anthony Horowitz, published in May 2022. Additionally Charlie Higson wrote a series on a young James Bond, and Kate Westbrook wrote three novels based on the diaries of a recurring series character, Moneypenny.
  2. Ian Fleming
    
    Ian Lancaster Fleming was a British writer who is best known for his postwar James Bond series of spy novels. Fleming came from a wealthy family connected to the merchant bank Robert Fleming & Co., and his father was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Henley from 1910 until his death on the Western Front in 1917. Educated at Eton, Sandhurst, and, briefly, the universities of Munich and Geneva, Fleming moved through several jobs before he started writing.
  3. Dr. No (film)
    
    Dr. No is a 1962 spy film directed by Terence Young, and it is the first film in the James Bond series. Starring Sean Connery, Ursula Andress, Joseph Wiseman, and Jack Lord, it was adapted by Richard Maibaum, Johanna Harwood, and Berkely Mather from the 1958 novel of the same name by Ian Fleming. The film was produced by Harry Saltzman and Albert R. Broccoli, a partnership that continued until 1975. It was followed by From Russia With Love in 1963. In the film, James Bond is sent to Jamaica to investigate the disappearance of a fellow British agent. The trail leads him to the underground base of Dr. Julius No, who is plotting to disrupt an early American space launch from Cape Canaveral with a radio beam weapon.
4. The first Beatles single, Love Me Do is released in Britain.
  1. The Beatles
    
    The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, that comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the most influential band of all time and were integral to the development of 1960s counterculture and popular music's recognition as an art form. Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock 'n' roll, their sound incorporated elements of classical music and traditional pop in innovative ways; the band also explored music styles ranging from folk and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock. As pioneers in recording, songwriting and artistic presentation, the Beatles revolutionised many aspects of the music industry and were often publicised as leaders of the era's youth and sociocultural movements.
  2. Love Me Do
    
    "Love Me Do" is the official debut single by the English rock band the Beatles, backed by "P.S. I Love You". When the single was originally released in the United Kingdom on 5 October 1962, it peaked at number 17. It was released in the United States in 1964, where it became a number one hit. Re-released in 1982 as part of EMI’s Beatles 20th anniversary, it re-entered the UK charts and peaked at number 4.
1947
1. President Truman makes the first televised Oval Office address.
  1. Address to the Nation
    
    An Address to the Nation is a speech made from the White House by the President of the United States. It is traditionally made from the Oval Office. It is considered among the most solemn settings for an address made by the President, and is most often delivered to announce a major new policy initiative, on the occasion of a President's departure from office, or during times of national emergency.
1945
1. A six-month strike by Hollywood set decorators turns into a bloody riot at the gates of the Warner Brothers studio.
  1. Hollywood Black Friday
    
    Hollywood Black Friday, or Hollywood Bloody Friday, is the name given, in the history of organized labor in the United States, to October 5, 1945. On that date, a six-month strike by the set decorators represented by the Conference of Studio Unions (CSU) boiled over into a bloody riot at the gates of Warner Bros.' studios in Burbank, California. The strikes helped the passage of the Taft–Hartley Act in 1947 and led to the eventual breakup of the CSU and reorganization of the rival International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees (IATSE) leadership.
1944
1. The Provisional Government of the French Republic enfranchises women.
  1. Provisional Government of the French Republic
    
    The Provisional Government of the French Republic was the provisional government of Free France between 3 June 1944 and 27 October 1946, following the liberation of continental France after Operations Overlord and Dragoon, and lasting until the establishment of the French Fourth Republic. Its establishment marked the official restoration and re-establishment of a provisional French Republic, assuring continuity with the defunct French Third Republic.
1943
1. Ninety-eight American POWs are executed by Japanese forces on Wake Island.
  1. Wake Island
    
    Wake Island is a coral atoll in the western Pacific Ocean in the northeastern area of the Micronesia subregion, 1,501 miles east of Guam, 2,298 miles west of Honolulu, 1,991 miles southeast of Tokyo and 898 miles north of Majuro. The island is an unorganized, unincorporated territory belonging to the United States that is also claimed by the Republic of the Marshall Islands. Wake Island is one of the most isolated islands in the world. The nearest inhabited island is Utirik Atoll in the Marshall Islands, 592 miles to the southeast.
1938
1. In Nazi Germany, Jews' passports are invalidated.
  1. Nuremberg Laws
    
    The Nuremberg Laws were antisemitic and racist laws that were enacted in Nazi Germany on 15 September 1935, at a special meeting of the Reichstag convened during the annual Nuremberg Rally of the Nazi Party. The two laws were the Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour, which forbade marriages and extramarital intercourse between Jews and Germans and the employment of German females under 45 in Jewish households; and the Reich Citizenship Law, which declared that only those of German or related blood were eligible to be Reich citizens. The remainder were classed as state subjects without any citizenship rights. A supplementary decree outlining the definition of who was Jewish was passed on 14 November, and the Reich Citizenship Law officially came into force on that date. The laws were expanded on 26 November 1935 to include Romani and Black people. This supplementary decree defined Romanis as "enemies of the race-based state", the same category as Jews.
1936
1. Around 200 men began a 291-mile (468 km) march from Jarrow to London, carrying a petition to the British government requesting the re-establishment of industry in the town.
  1. Jarrow March
    
    The Jarrow March of 5–31 October 1936, also known as the Jarrow Crusade, was an organised protest against the unemployment and poverty suffered in the English town of Jarrow during the 1930s. Around 200 men marched from Jarrow to London, carrying a petition to the British government requesting the re-establishment of industry in the town following the closure in 1934 of its main employer, Palmer's shipyard. The petition was received by the House of Commons but not debated, and the march produced few immediate results. The Jarrovians went home believing that they had failed.
  2. Jarrow
    
    Jarrow is a town in South Tyneside metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear, England, about 5 mi (8.0 km) east of Newcastle. It is situated on the south bank of the River Tyne, about 3 mi (4.8 km) from the east coast. It is home to the southern portal of the Tyne Tunnel. In 2011, Jarrow had a population of 43,431.
2. The Jarrow March sets off for London.
  1. Jarrow March
    
    The Jarrow March of 5–31 October 1936, also known as the Jarrow Crusade, was an organised protest against the unemployment and poverty suffered in the English town of Jarrow during the 1930s. Around 200 men marched from Jarrow to London, carrying a petition to the British government requesting the re-establishment of industry in the town following the closure in 1934 of its main employer, Palmer's shipyard. The petition was received by the House of Commons but not debated, and the march produced few immediate results. The Jarrovians went home believing that they had failed.
1930
1. British airship R101 crashes in France en route to India on its maiden voyage killing 48 people.
  1. R101
    
    R101 was one of a pair of British rigid airships completed in 1929 as part of a British government programme to develop civil airships capable of service on long-distance routes within the British Empire. It was designed and built by an Air Ministry–appointed team and was effectively in competition with the government-funded but privately designed and built R100. When built, it was the world's largest flying craft at 731 ft (223 m) in length, and it was not surpassed by another hydrogen-filled rigid airship until the LZ 129 Hindenburg was launched seven years later.
1921
1. The World Series is the first to be broadcast on radio.
  1. 1921 World Series
    
    The 1921 World Series was the championship series in Major League Baseball for the 1921 season. The 18th edition of the World Series, it matched the National League champion New York Giants and the American League champion New York Yankees.
1914
1. World War I: An aircraft successfully destroys another aircraft with gunfire for the first time.
  1. World War I
    
    World War I or the First World War, often abbreviated as WWI or WW1, and referred to by some Anglophone authors as the "Great War" or the "War to End All Wars", was a global conflict which lasted from 1914 to 1918, and is considered one of the deadliest conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war.
  2. Fighter aircraft
    
    Fighter aircraft are fixed-wing military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat. In military conflict, the role of fighter aircraft is to establish air superiority of the battlespace. Domination of the airspace above a battlefield permits bombers and attack aircraft to engage in tactical and strategic bombing of enemy targets.
1911
1. The Kowloon–Canton Railway commences service.
  1. Kowloon–Canton Railway
    
    The Kowloon–Canton Railway was a railway network in Hong Kong. It was owned and operated by the Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation (KCRC) until 2007. Rapid transit services, a light rail system, feeder bus routes within Hong Kong, and intercity passenger and freight train services to China on the KCR network, have been operated by the MTR Corporation since 2007.
1910
1. In a revolution in Portugal the monarchy is overthrown and a republic is declared.
  1. 5 October 1910 revolution
    
    The 5 October 1910 revolution was the overthrow of the centuries-old Portuguese monarchy and its replacement by the First Portuguese Republic. It was the result of a coup d'état organized by the Portuguese Republican Party.
1905
1. The Wright brothers pilot the Wright Flyer III in a new world record flight of 24 miles in 39 minutes.
  1. Wright brothers
    
    The Wright brothers, Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, were American aviation pioneers generally credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful motor-operated airplane. They made the first controlled, sustained flight of a powered, heavier-than-air aircraft with the Wright Flyer on December 17, 1903, 4 mi (6 km) south of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, at what is now known as Kill Devil Hills. The brothers were also the first to invent aircraft controls that made fixed-wing powered flight possible.
  2. Wright Flyer III
    
    The Wright Flyer III was the third powered aircraft by the Wright Brothers, built during the winter of 1904–05. Orville Wright made the first flight with it on June 23, 1905. The Flyer III had an airframe of spruce construction with a wing camber of 1-in-20 as used in 1903, rather than the less effective 1-in-25 used in 1904. The new machine was equipped with the engine and other hardware from the scrapped Flyer II and, after major modifications, achieved much greater performance than Flyers I and II.
1903
1. Samuel Griffith (pictured) became the first Chief Justice of Australia, while Edmund Barton and Richard O'Connor became the first Puisne Justices of the High Court of Australia.
  1. Samuel Griffith
    
    Sir Samuel Walker Griffith, was an Australian judge and politician who served as the inaugural Chief Justice of Australia, in office from 1903 to 1919. He also served a term as Chief Justice of Queensland and two terms as Premier of Queensland, and played a key role in the drafting of the Australian Constitution.
  2. Chief Justice of Australia
    
    The Chief Justice of Australia is the presiding Justice of the High Court of Australia and the highest-ranking judicial officer in the Commonwealth of Australia. The incumbent is Susan Kiefel, who is the first woman to hold the position.
  3. Edmund Barton
    
    Sir Edmund "Toby" Barton, was an Australian politician and judge who served as the first prime minister of Australia from 1901 to 1903, holding office as the leader of the Protectionist Party. He resigned to become a founding member of the High Court of Australia, where he served until his death.
  4. Richard Edward O'Connor
    
    Richard Edward O'Connor was an Australian politician and judge.
  5. List of Justices of the High Court of Australia
    
    The High Court of Australia is composed of seven Justices: the Chief Justice of Australia and six other Justices. There have been 56 Justices who have served as Justices of the High Court since its formation under the Judiciary Act 1903. Under Section 71 of the Australian Constitution, the judicial power of the Commonwealth of Australia is vested in the court, and it has been the highest court in the Australian court hierarchy since the passing of the Australia Act 1986.
  6. High Court of Australia
    
    The High Court of Australia is Australia's apex court. It exercises original and appellate jurisdiction on matters specified within Australia's Constitution.
1900
1. Peace congress in Paris condemns British policy in South Africa and asserts Boer Republic's right to self-determination.
  1. South African Republic
    
    The South African Republic, also known as the Transvaal Republic, was an independent Boer Republic in Southern Africa which existed from 1852 to 1902, when it was annexed into the British Empire as a result of the Second Boer War.
1877
1. The Nez Perce War in the northwestern United States comes to an end.
  1. Nez Perce War
    
    The Nez Perce War was an armed conflict in 1877 in the Western United States that pitted several bands of the Nez Perce tribe of Native Americans and their allies, a small band of the Palouse tribe led by Red Echo (Hahtalekin) and Bald Head, against the United States Army. Fought between June and October, the conflict stemmed from the refusal of several bands of the Nez Perce, dubbed "non-treaty Indians," to give up their ancestral lands in the Pacific Northwest and move to an Indian reservation in Idaho Territory. This forced removal was in violation of the 1855 Treaty of Walla Walla, which granted the tribe 7.5 million acres of their ancestral lands and the right to hunt and fish on lands ceded to the U.S. government.
1869
1. During construction of the Eastman tunnel in St. Anthony, Minnesota (now Minneapolis), the Mississippi River broke through the tunnel's limestone ceiling, nearly destroying Saint Anthony Falls.
  1. Eastman tunnel
    
    The Eastman tunnel, also called the Hennepin Island tunnel, was a 2,000-foot-long (610 m) underground passage in Saint Anthony, Minnesota, dug beneath the Mississippi River riverbed between 1868 and 1869 to create a tailrace so water-powered business could be located upstream of Saint Anthony Falls on Nicollet Island. The tunnel ran downstream from Nicollet Island, beneath Hennepin Island, and exited below Saint Anthony Falls.
  2. Minneapolis
    
    Minneapolis is the largest city in Minnesota, United States, and the county seat of Hennepin County. The city is abundant in water, with thirteen lakes, wetlands, the Mississippi River, creeks and waterfalls. Minneapolis has its origins in timber and as the flour milling capital of the world. It occupies both banks of the Mississippi River and adjoins Saint Paul, the state capital of Minnesota.
  3. Mississippi River
    
    The Mississippi River is the second-longest river and chief river of the second-largest drainage system in North America, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system. From its traditional source of Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota, it flows generally south for 2,340 miles (3,770 km) to the Mississippi River Delta in the Gulf of Mexico. With its many tributaries, the Mississippi's watershed drains all or parts of 32 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces between the Rocky and Appalachian mountains. The main stem is entirely within the United States; the total drainage basin is 1,151,000 sq mi (2,980,000 km2), of which only about one percent is in Canada. The Mississippi ranks as the thirteenth-largest river by discharge in the world. The river either borders or passes through the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Louisiana.
  4. Limestone
    
    Limestone is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of CaCO3. Limestone forms when these minerals precipitate out of water containing dissolved calcium. This can take place through both biological and nonbiological processes, though biological processes, such as the accumulation of corals and shells in the sea, have likely been more important for the last 540 million years. Limestone often contains fossils which provide scientists with information on ancient environments and on the evolution of life.
  5. Saint Anthony Falls
    
    Saint Anthony Falls, or the Falls of Saint Anthony located at the northeastern edge of downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota, is the only natural major waterfall on the Mississippi River. Throughout the mid-to-late 1800’s, various dams were built atop the east and west faces of the falls to support the milling industry that spurred the growth of the city of Minneapolis. In 1880, the central face of the falls was reinforced with a sloping timber apron to stop the upstream erosion of the falls. In the 1950s, the apron was rebuilt with concrete, which makes up the most visible portion of the falls today. A series of locks were constructed in the 1950s and 1960s to extend navigation to points upstream.
2. The Saxby Gale devastates the Bay of Fundy region in Canada.
  1. 1869 Saxby Gale
    
    The Saxby Gale was a tropical cyclone which struck eastern Canada's Bay of Fundy region on the night of October 4–5, 1869. The storm was named for Lieutenant Stephen Martin Saxby, a naval instructor who, based on his astronomical studies, had predicted extremely high tides in the North Atlantic Ocean on October 1, 1869, which would produce storm surges in the event of a storm.
3. The Eastman tunnel, in Minnesota, United States, collapses during construction, causing a landslide that nearly destroys St. Anthony Falls.
  1. Eastman tunnel
    
    The Eastman tunnel, also called the Hennepin Island tunnel, was a 2,000-foot-long (610 m) underground passage in Saint Anthony, Minnesota, dug beneath the Mississippi River riverbed between 1868 and 1869 to create a tailrace so water-powered business could be located upstream of Saint Anthony Falls on Nicollet Island. The tunnel ran downstream from Nicollet Island, beneath Hennepin Island, and exited below Saint Anthony Falls.
1838
1. The Killough massacre in east Texas sees eighteen Texian settlers either killed or kidnapped.
  1. Killough massacre
    
    The Killough massacre is believed to have been both the largest and last Native American attack on white settlers in East Texas. The massacre took place on October 5, 1838, near Larissa, Texas, in the northwestern part of Cherokee County. There were eighteen victims, including Isaac Killough, Sr., and his extended family. They had immigrated to the Republic of Texas from Talladega County, Alabama, in 1837.
1813
1. War of 1812: The Army of the Northwest defeats a British and Native Canadian force threatening Detroit.
  1. Battle of the Thames
    
    The Battle of the Thames, also known as the Battle of Moraviantown, was an American victory in the War of 1812 against Tecumseh's Confederacy and their British allies. It took place on October 5, 1813, in Upper Canada, near Chatham. The British lost control of Southwestern Ontario as a result of the battle; Tecumseh was killed, and his confederacy largely fell apart.
1789
1. French Revolution: Upset about the high price and scarcity of bread, thousands of Parisian women and allies marched on the Palace of Versailles.
  1. French Revolution
    
    The French Revolution was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are considered fundamental principles of liberal democracy, while phrases like liberté, égalité, fraternité reappeared in other revolts, such as the 1917 Russian Revolution, and inspired campaigns for the abolition of slavery and universal suffrage. The values and institutions it created dominate French politics to this day.
  2. Women's March on Versailles
    
    The Women's March on Versailles, also known as the October March, the October Days or simply the March on Versailles, was one of the earliest and most significant events of the French Revolution. The march began among women in the marketplaces of Paris who, on the morning of 5 October 1789, were nearly rioting over the high price of bread. The unrest quickly became intertwined with the activities of revolutionaries seeking liberal political reforms and a constitutional monarchy for France. The market women and their allies ultimately grew into a mob of thousands. Encouraged by revolutionary agitators, they ransacked the city armory for weapons and marched on the Palace of Versailles. The crowd besieged the palace and, in a dramatic and violent confrontation, they successfully pressed their demands upon King Louis XVI. The next day, the crowd forced the king, his family, and most of the French Assembly to return with them to Paris.
  3. Palace of Versailles
    
    The Palace of Versailles is a former royal residence built by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, about 12 miles (19 km) west of Paris, France. The palace is owned by the French Republic and since 1995 has been managed, under the direction of the French Ministry of Culture, by the Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles. Some 15,000,000 people visit the palace, park, or gardens of Versailles every year, making it one of the most popular tourist attractions in the world.
2. French Revolution: The Women's March on Versailles effectively terminates royal authority.
  1. Women's March on Versailles
    
    The Women's March on Versailles, also known as the October March, the October Days or simply the March on Versailles, was one of the earliest and most significant events of the French Revolution. The march began among women in the marketplaces of Paris who, on the morning of 5 October 1789, were nearly rioting over the high price of bread. The unrest quickly became intertwined with the activities of revolutionaries seeking liberal political reforms and a constitutional monarchy for France. The market women and their allies ultimately grew into a mob of thousands. Encouraged by revolutionary agitators, they ransacked the city armory for weapons and marched on the Palace of Versailles. The crowd besieged the palace and, in a dramatic and violent confrontation, they successfully pressed their demands upon King Louis XVI. The next day, the crowd forced the king, his family, and most of the French Assembly to return with them to Paris.
1607
1. Assassins attempt to kill Venetian statesman and scientist Paolo Sarpi.
  1. Paolo Sarpi
    
    Paolo Sarpi was a Venetian historian, prelate, scientist, canon lawyer, and statesman active on behalf of the Venetian Republic during the period of its successful defiance of the papal interdict (1605–1607) and its war (1615–1617) with Austria over the Uskok pirates. His writings, frankly polemical and highly critical of the Catholic Church and its Scholastic tradition, "inspired both Hobbes and Edward Gibbon in their own historical debunkings of priestcraft." Sarpi's major work, the History of the Council of Trent (1619), was published in London in 1619; other works: a History of Ecclesiastical Benefices, History of the Interdict and his Supplement to the History of the Uskoks, appeared posthumously. Organized around single topics, they are early examples of the genre of the historical monograph.
1450
1. Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria expels Jews from his jurisdiction.
  1. Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria
    
    Louis IX was Duke of Bavaria-Landshut from 1450. He was a son of Henry XVI the Rich and Margaret of Austria. Louis was the founder of the University of Ingolstadt.
1143
1. With the signing of the Treaty of Zamora, King Alfonso VII of León and Castile recognises Portugal as a Kingdom.
  1. Treaty of Zamora
    
    The Treaty of Zamora recognized Portuguese independence from the Kingdom of León. Based on the terms of the accord, King Alfonso VII of León recognized the Kingdom of Portugal in the presence of his cousin King Afonso I of Portugal, witnessed by the papal representative, Cardinal Guido de Vico, at the Cathedral of Zamora. Both kings promised durable peace between their kingdoms. By this treaty Afonso I of Portugal also recognized the suzerainty of the Pope.
  2. Alfonso VII of León and Castile
    
    Alfonso VII, called the Emperor, became the King of Galicia in 1111 and King of León and Castile in 1126. Alfonso, born Alfonso Raimúndez, first used the title Emperor of All Spain, alongside his mother Urraca, once she vested him with the direct rule of Toledo in 1116. Alfonso later held another investiture in 1135 in a grand ceremony reasserting his claims to the imperial title. He was the son of Urraca of León and Raymond of Burgundy, the first of the House of Ivrea to rule in the Iberian peninsula.
869
1. The Fourth Council of Constantinople, the eighth Catholic Ecumenical Council, was convened to discuss the patriarchate of Photios I of Constantinople.
  1. Fourth Council of Constantinople (Catholic Church)
    
    The Fourth Council of Constantinople was the eighth ecumenical council of the Catholic Church held in Constantinople from October 5, 869, to February 28, 870. It was poorly attended, the first session by only 12 bishops and the number of bishops later never exceeded 103. In contrast the pro-Photian council of 879–80 was attended by 383 bishops. The Council met in ten sessions from October 869 to February 870 and issued 27 canons.
  2. Catholic ecumenical councils
    
    According to the Catholic Church, a Church Council is ecumenical ("world-wide"), if it is "a solemn congregation of the Catholic bishops of the world at the invitation of the Pope to decide on matters of the Church with him".
  3. Patriarchate
    
    Patriarchate is an ecclesiological term in Christianity, designating the office and jurisdiction of an ecclesiastical patriarch. According to Christian tradition three patriarchates were established by the apostles as apostolic sees in the 1st century: Rome, Antioch, and Alexandria. Constantinople was added in the 4th century and Jerusalem in the 5th century. Eventually, together, these five were recognised as the pentarchy by the Council of Ephesus in 431.
  4. Photios I of Constantinople
    
    Photios I, also spelled Photius, was the ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople from 858 to 867 and from 877 to 886. He is recognized in the Eastern Orthodox Church as Saint Photios the Great.
2. The Fourth Council of Constantinople is convened to depose patriarch Photios I.
  1. Fourth Council of Constantinople (Catholic Church)
    
    The Fourth Council of Constantinople was the eighth ecumenical council of the Catholic Church held in Constantinople from October 5, 869, to February 28, 870. It was poorly attended, the first session by only 12 bishops and the number of bishops later never exceeded 103. In contrast the pro-Photian council of 879–80 was attended by 383 bishops. The Council met in ten sessions from October 869 to February 870 and issued 27 canons.
816
1. King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope.
  1. Louis the Pious
    
    Louis the Pious, also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aquitaine from 781. As the only surviving son of Charlemagne and Hildegard, he became the sole ruler of the Franks after his father's death in 814, a position which he held until his death, save for the period 833–34, during which he was deposed.
610
1. Heraclius was crowned Byzantine emperor, having personally beheaded his predecessor, Phocas.
  1. Heraclius
    
    Heraclius, was Eastern Roman emperor from 610 to 641. His rise to power began in 608, when he and his father, Heraclius the Elder, the exarch of Africa, led a revolt against the unpopular usurper Phocas.
  2. Byzantine Empire
    
    The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople. It survived the fragmentation and fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD and continued to exist for an additional thousand years until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453. During most of its existence, the empire remained the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe. The terms "Byzantine Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" were coined after the end of the realm; its citizens continued to refer to their empire as the Roman Empire, and to themselves as Romans—a term which Greeks continued to use for themselves into Ottoman times. Although the Roman state continued and its traditions were maintained, modern historians distinguish Byzantium from its earlier incarnation because it was centered on Constantinople and not Rome, oriented towards Greek rather than Latin culture, and characterised by Eastern Orthodox Christianity, instead of Roman Catholicism or Paganism.
  3. Phocas
    
    Phocas was Eastern Roman emperor from 602 to 610. Initially, a middle-ranking officer in the Eastern Roman army, Phocas rose to prominence as a spokesman for dissatisfied soldiers in their disputes with the court of the Emperor Maurice. When the army revolted in 602, Phocas emerged as the natural leader of the mutiny. The revolt proved to be successful and led to the capture of Constantinople and the overthrow of Maurice on 23 November 602 with Phocas declaring himself emperor on the same day.
2. Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor.
  1. Heraclius
    
    Heraclius, was Eastern Roman emperor from 610 to 641. His rise to power began in 608, when he and his father, Heraclius the Elder, the exarch of Africa, led a revolt against the unpopular usurper Phocas.

Births & Deaths

2017
1. Eberhard van der Laan, Dutch politician, mayor of Amsterdam (b. 1955) deaths
  1. Eberhard van der Laan
    
    Eberhard Edzard van der Laan was a Dutch politician who served as Minister for Housing, Communities and Integration from 2008 to 2010 and Mayor of Amsterdam from 2010 until his death in 2017. He was a member of the Labour Party (PvdA).
  2. Amsterdam
    
    Amsterdam is the capital and most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population of 907,976 within the city proper, 1,558,755 in the urban area and 2,480,394 in the metropolitan area. Located in the Dutch province of North Holland, Amsterdam is colloquially referred to as the "Venice of the North", for its large number of canals, now designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
2016
1. Brock Yates, American journalist and author (b. 1933) deaths
  1. Brock Yates
    
    Brock Wendel Yates was an American print and TV journalist, screenwriter, and author. He was longtime executive editor of Car and Driver, an American automotive magazine. In 1971 Yates, his son, and a friend developed and drove the first the Cannonball Baker Sea-To-Shining-Sea Memorial Trophy Dash.
2015
1. Chantal Akerman, Belgian-French actress, director, and producer (b. 1950) deaths
  1. Chantal Akerman
    
    Chantal Anne Akerman was a Belgian film director, screenwriter, artist, and film professor at the City College of New York. She is best known for films such as Jeanne Dielman, 23 quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles (1975), News from Home (1977), and Les Rendez-vous d'Anna (1978); the former was ranked the greatest film of all time in Sight & Sound magazine's 2022 "Top 100 Greatest Films" critics poll. According to film scholar Gwendolyn Audrey Foster, Akerman's influence on feminist and avant-garde cinema is substantial.
2. Joker Arroyo, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1927) deaths
  1. Joker Arroyo
    
    Ceferino "Joker" Paz Arroyo Jr. was a Filipino statesman and key figure in the 1986 EDSA People Power Revolution which ousted dictator Ferdinand Marcos. He was a Congressman for Makati from 1992 to 2001 and Senator from 2001 to 2013. Arroyo received various awards and commendations for his significant contributions to the law profession and public service. Among these are the Philippine Bar Association's Most Distinguished Award for Justice as a “man beholden to no one except to his country” and Senate Resolution No. 100 enacted in the 8th Congress citing his invaluable service to the Filipino people. He was also known for being the thriftiest legislator, earning the title of "Scrooge of Congress", as he only had few staff members without bodyguards and did not use his pork barrel funds.
3. Grace Lee Boggs, American philosopher, author, and activist (b. 1915) deaths
  1. Grace Lee Boggs
    
    Grace Lee Boggs was an American author, social activist, philosopher, and feminist. She is known for her years of political collaboration with C. L. R. James and Raya Dunayevskaya in the 1940s and 1950s. In the 1960s, she and James Boggs, her husband of some forty years, took their own political direction. By 1998, she had written four books, including an autobiography. In 2011, still active at the age of 95, she wrote a fifth book, The Next American Revolution: Sustainable Activism for the Twenty-First Century, with Scott Kurashige and published by the University of California Press. She is regarded as a key figure in the Asian American Movement.
4. Henning Mankell, Swedish author and playwright (b. 1948) deaths
  1. Henning Mankell
    
    Henning Georg Mankell was a Swedish crime writer, children's author, and dramatist, best known for a series of mystery novels starring his most noted creation, Inspector Kurt Wallander. He also wrote a number of plays and screenplays for television.
2014
1. David Chavchavadze, English-American CIA officer and author (b. 1924) deaths
  1. David Chavchavadze
    
    David Chavchavadze was a British-born American author and a former Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) officer of Georgian-Russian origin.
  2. Central Intelligence Agency
    
    The Central Intelligence Agency, known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States, officially tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT) and performing covert actions. As a principal member of the United States Intelligence Community (IC), the CIA reports to the Director of National Intelligence and is primarily focused on providing intelligence for the President and Cabinet of the United States. President Harry S. Truman had created the Central Intelligence Group under the direction of a Director of Central Intelligence by presidential directive on January 22, 1946, and this group was transformed into the Central Intelligence Agency by implementation of the National Security Act of 1947.
2. Andrea de Cesaris, Italian racing driver (b. 1959) deaths
  1. Andrea de Cesaris
    
    Andrea de Cesaris was an Italian racing driver. He started 208 Formula One Grands Prix but never won. As a result, he holds the record for the most races started without a race victory. A string of accidents early in his career earned him a reputation for being a fast but wild driver.
3. Geoffrey Holder, Trinidadian-American actor, singer, dancer, and choreographer (b. 1930) deaths
  1. Geoffrey Holder
    
    Geoffrey Lamont Holder was a Trinidadian-American actor, dancer, musician, and artist. He was a principal dancer for the Metropolitan Opera Ballet before his film career began in 1957 with an appearance in Carib Gold. In 1973, he played the villainous Baron Samedi in the Bond film Live and Let Die. He also carried out advertising work as the pitchman for 7 Up.
4. Yuri Lyubimov, Russian actor and director (b. 1917) deaths
  1. Yuri Lyubimov
    
    Yuri Petrovich Lyubimov was a Soviet and Russian stage actor and director associated with the internationally renowned Taganka Theatre, which he founded in 1964. He was one of the leading names in the Russian theatre world.
2013
1. Ruth R. Benerito, American chemist and academic (b. 1916) deaths
  1. Ruth R. Benerito
    
    Ruth Mary Rogan Benerito was an American chemist and inventor known for her work related to the textile industry, notably including the development of wash-and-wear cotton fabrics. She held 55 patents.
2. Carlo Lizzani, Italian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1922) deaths
  1. Carlo Lizzani
    
    Carlo Lizzani was an Italian film director, screenwriter and critic.
3. Yakkun Sakurazuka, Japanese voice actress and singer (b. 1976) deaths
  1. Yakkun Sakurazuka
    
    Yasuo Saitō , also known by the stage name Yakkun Sakurazuka , was a Japanese comedian, singer, and voice actor.
2012
1. Keith Campbell, English biologist and academic (b. 1954) deaths
  1. Keith Campbell (biologist)
    
    Keith Henry Stockman Campbell was a British biologist who was a member of the team at Roslin Institute that in 1996 first cloned a mammal, a Finnish Dorset lamb named Dolly, from fully differentiated adult mammary cells. He was Professor of Animal Development at the University of Nottingham. In 2008, he received the Shaw Prize for Medicine and Life Sciences jointly with Ian Wilmut and Shinya Yamanaka for "their works on the cell differentiation in mammals".
2. Vojin Dimitrijević, Croatian-Serbian lawyer and activist (b. 1932) deaths
  1. Vojin Dimitrijević
    
    Vojin Dimitrijević was a law professor, public intellectual, and a prominent Serbian human rights activist and international law expert.
3. James W. Holley III, American dentist and politician (b. 1926) deaths
  1. James W. Holley III
    
    James W. Holley III was an American politician and dental surgeon. Holley became the first Black mayor of Portsmouth, Virginia, and ultimately the city's longest serving mayor, although both his mayoral terms ended with his being recalled from office. Thus he became the only known politician in American history to be twice recalled until Fullerton, California Councilman Don Bankhead was recalled in June 2012.
4. Edvard Mirzoyan, Georgian-Armenian composer and educator (b. 1921) deaths
  1. Edvard Mirzoyan
    
    Edvard Mik'aeli Mirzoyan was an Armenian composer.
5. Claude Pinoteau, French director and screenwriter (b. 1925) deaths
  1. Claude Pinoteau
    
    Claude Pinoteau was a French film director and scriptwriter. Born in Boulogne-Billancourt, Hauts de Seine, Île-de-France, France. He died in Neuilly-sur-Seine, aged 87. His sister was the actress Arlette Merry.
2011
1. Derrick Bell, American academic and scholar (b. 1930) deaths
  1. Derrick Bell
    
    Derrick Albert Bell Jr. was an American lawyer, professor, and civil rights activist. Bell worked for first the U.S. Justice Department, then the NAACP Legal Defense Fund, where he supervised over 300 school desegregation cases in Mississippi.
2. Bert Jansch, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1943) deaths
  1. Bert Jansch
    
    Herbert Jansch was a Scottish folk musician and founding member of the band Pentangle. He was born in Glasgow and came to prominence in London in the 1960s as an acoustic guitarist and singer-songwriter. He recorded more than 28 albums and toured extensively from the 1960s to the 21st century.
3. Steve Jobs, American businessman, co-founder of Apple Inc. and Pixar (b. 1955) deaths
  1. Steve Jobs
    
    Steven Paul Jobs was an American entrepreneur, industrial designer, media proprietor, and investor. He was the co-founder, chairman, and CEO of Apple; the chairman and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT. He is widely recognized as a pioneer of the personal computer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s, along with his early business partner and fellow Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak.
  2. Apple Inc.
    
    Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, United States. Apple is the largest technology company by revenue and, as of June 2022, is the world's biggest company by market capitalization, the fourth-largest personal computer vendor by unit sales and second-largest mobile phone manufacturer. It is one of the Big Five American information technology companies, alongside Alphabet, Amazon, Meta, and Microsoft.
  3. Pixar
    
    Pixar Animation Studios and stylized as P I X A R) is an American computer animation studio known for its critically and commercially successful computer animated feature films. It is based in Emeryville, California, United States. Since 2006, Pixar has been a subsidiary of Walt Disney Studios, which is another studio owned by The Walt Disney Company.
4. Charles Napier, American actor and singer (b. 1936) deaths
  1. Charles Napier (actor)
    
    Charles Lewis Napier was an American character actor known for playing supporting and occasional leading roles in television and films. He was frequently cast as police officers, soldiers, or authority figures, many of them villainous or corrupt. After leaving his Kentucky hometown to serve in the Army, he graduated from college and worked as a sports coach and art teacher before settling on acting as a career. Napier established himself in character roles and worked steadily for the next 35 years. He made numerous collaborations with director Jonathan Demme, including roles in Something Wild (1986), Married to the Mob (1988), The Silence of the Lambs (1991), Philadelphia (1993), Beloved (1998), and The Manchurian Candidate (2004).
5. Fred Shuttlesworth, American activist, co-founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (b. 1922) deaths
  1. Fred Shuttlesworth
    
    Frederick Lee Shuttlesworth was a U.S. civil rights activist who led the fight against segregation and other forms of racism as a minister in Birmingham, Alabama. He was a co-founder of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, initiated and was instrumental in the 1963 Birmingham Campaign, and continued to work against racism and for alleviation of the problems of the homeless in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he took up a pastorate in 1961. He returned to Birmingham after his retirement in 2007. He worked with Martin Luther King Jr. during the civil rights movement, though the two men often disagreed on tactics and approaches.
  2. Southern Christian Leadership Conference
    
    The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is an African-American civil rights organization based in Atlanta, Georgia. SCLC is closely associated with its first president, Martin Luther King Jr., who had a large role in the American civil rights movement.
6. Gökşin Sipahioğlu, Turkish photographer and journalist (b. 1926) deaths
  1. Gökşin Sipahioğlu
    
    Gökşin Sipahioğlu was a Turkish photographer and journalist who founded the Paris-based photo agency Sipa Press. He spent most of his life in Paris where the French media dubbed him "le Grand Turc". He also helped found the Kadiköy Sports Club, now best known for the Efes Pilsen basketball team.
2010
1. Bernard Clavel, French journalist and author (b. 1923) deaths
  1. Bernard Clavel
    
    Bernard Charles Henri Clavel was a French writer.
2. Mary Leona Gage, American model and actress, Miss USA 1957 (b. 1939) deaths
  1. Mary Leona Gage
    
    Mary Leona Gage was an American actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss USA 1957, the first from Maryland to capture the Miss USA crown. She was stripped of her title when it was revealed that she was 18, married, and the mother of two children.
  2. Miss USA 1957
    
    Miss USA 1957 was the 6th Miss USA pageant, held at Long Beach Municipal Auditorium, Long Beach, California on July 17, 1957, during the run-up to the year's Miss Universe pageant.
3. Steve Lee, Swiss singer-songwriter (b. 1963) deaths
  1. Steve Lee (singer)
    
    Steve Lee was a Swiss musician, best known as the vocalist of the band Gotthard.
2006
1. Jacob Tremblay, Canadian actor births
  1. Jacob Tremblay
    
    Jacob Tremblay is a Canadian actor. He is the recipient of various accolades, including a Canadian Screen Award, a Critics' Choice Movie Award, a Young Artist Award, and nominations for a Screen Actors Guild Award, two Saturn Awards and an Empire Award.
2. Antonio Peña, Mexican wrestling promoter, founded Lucha Libre AAA World Wide (b. 1953) deaths
  1. Antonio Peña
    
    Antonio Hipolito Peña Herrada was the founder of the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA) in 1992. Peña's promotion reached its height of popularity in the early 1990s before the downturn of the Mexican economy. Peña's AAA is the promotion largely responsible for bringing the "Lucha" style to the United States, with such wrestlers as Rey Mysterio Jr., Psicosis, La Parka, Konnan and others. Peña was the former head booker of Empresa Mexicana de Lucha Libre (EMLL) before forming AAA. Peña began his professional wrestling career as a wrestler or Luchador, as they're called in Spanish, working under various masks as El Genio, Espectro Jr., Kahoz, Espectro de Ultratumba and Dalia Negra before retiring in 1986 to work with the promotional side of wrestling.
  2. Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide
    
    Antonio Peña Promotions, S.A. de C.V. d/b/a Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide is a Mexican Lucha Libre promotion based in Mexico City, Mexico. Commonly referred to as simply AAA, the promotion was founded in 1992 when Antonio Peña broke away from Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) to set up a promotion, which allowed him more creative freedom. AAA has held a number of pay-per-views (PPV) over the years and has promoted shows not just in Mexico but in the United States and Japan as well.
2004
1. Rodney Dangerfield, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921) deaths
  1. Rodney Dangerfield
    
    Rodney Dangerfield was an American stand-up comedian, actor, screenwriter, and producer. He was known for his self-deprecating one-liner humor, his catchphrase "I don't get no respect!" and his monologues on that theme.
2. William H. Dobelle, American biologist and academic (b. 1941) deaths
  1. William H. Dobelle
    
    Dr. Bill Dobelle was a biomedical researcher who developed experimental technologies that restored limited sight to blind patients, and also known for the impact he and his company had on the breathing pacemaker industry with the development of the only FDA approved device for phrenic nerve pacing. He was the former director of the Division of Artificial Organs at the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center.
3. Maurice Wilkins, New Zealand-English physicist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1916) deaths
  1. Maurice Wilkins
    
    Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins was a New Zealand-born British biophysicist and Nobel laureate whose research spanned multiple areas of physics and biophysics, contributing to the scientific understanding of phosphorescence, isotope separation, optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction, and to the development of radar. He is best known for his work at King's College London on the structure of DNA.
  2. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
    
    The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded yearly by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine. The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's 1895 will, are awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind". Nobel Prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace.
2003
1. Dan Snyder, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1978) deaths
  1. Dan Snyder (ice hockey)
    
    Daniel Joseph Snyder was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. He played as a centre in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Atlanta Thrashers. Following a single-vehicle accident in which he was a passenger, Snyder was injured and fell into a coma as a result. He died six days later of septic shock.
2. Timothy Treadwell, American environmentalist, director, and producer (b. 1957) deaths
  1. Timothy Treadwell
    
    Timothy Treadwell was an American bear enthusiast, environmentalist, documentary filmmaker, and founder of the bear-protection organization Grizzly People. He lived among coastal brown bears or Grizzlies in Katmai National Park, Alaska for 13 summers.
2002
1. Chuck Rayner, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1920) deaths
  1. Chuck Rayner
    
    Claude Earl "Chuck" Rayner, nicknamed "Bonnie Prince Charlie", was a Canadian professional hockey goaltender who played nine seasons in the National Hockey League for the New York Americans and New York Rangers. He is a member of the Hockey Hall of Fame.
2001
1. Mike Mansfield, American soldier, politician, and diplomat, 22nd United States Ambassador to Japan (b. 1903) deaths
  1. Mike Mansfield
    
    Michael Joseph Mansfield was an American politician and diplomat. A Democrat, he served as a U.S. representative (1943–1953) and a U.S. senator (1953–1977) from Montana. He was the longest-serving Senate Majority Leader and served from 1961 to 1977. During his tenure, he shepherded Great Society programs through the Senate.
  2. List of ambassadors of the United States to Japan
    
    The ambassador of the United States of America to Japan is the ambassador from the United States of America to Japan.
2000
1. Johanna Döbereiner, Brazilian agronomist (b. 1924) deaths
  1. Johanna Döbereiner
    
    Johanna Liesbeth Kubelka Döbereiner was a Brazilian agronomist.
2. Cătălin Hîldan, Romanian footballer (b. 1976) deaths
  1. Cătălin Hîldan
    
    Cătălin George Hîldan was a Romanian professional footballer who played as a midfielder.
1997
1. Brian Pillman, American football player and wrestler (b. 1962) deaths
  1. Brian Pillman
    
    Brian William Pillman was an American professional wrestler and professional football player best known for his appearances in Stampede Wrestling in the 1980s and World Championship Wrestling (WCW), Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW), and World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in the 1990s.
1996
1. Seymour Cray, American engineer and businessman, founded CRAY Inc (b. 1925) deaths
  1. Seymour Cray
    
    Seymour Roger Cray was an American electrical engineer and supercomputer architect who designed a series of computers that were the fastest in the world for decades, and founded Cray Research which built many of these machines. Called "the father of supercomputing", Cray has been credited with creating the supercomputer industry. Joel S. Birnbaum, then chief technology officer of Hewlett-Packard, said of him: "It seems impossible to exaggerate the effect he had on the industry; many of the things that high performance computers now do routinely were at the farthest edge of credibility when Seymour envisioned them." Larry Smarr, then director of the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois said that Cray is "the Thomas Edison of the supercomputing industry."
  2. Cray
    
    Cray Inc., a subsidiary of Hewlett Packard Enterprise, is an American supercomputer manufacturer headquartered in Seattle, Washington. It also manufactures systems for data storage and analytics. Several Cray supercomputer systems are listed in the TOP500, which ranks the most powerful supercomputers in the world.
1993
1. Wakamotoharu Minato, Japanese sumo wrestler births
  1. Wakamotoharu Minato
    
    Wakamotoharu Minato is a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Fukushima. He wrestles for the Arashio stable, where he is a stable mate of his brothers Wakatakakage and Wakatakamoto. His highest rank to date has been maegashira 4.
1992
1. Kevin Magnussen, Danish racing driver births
  1. Kevin Magnussen
    
    Kevin Jan Magnussen is a Danish racing driver currently competing in Formula One for Haas F1 Team.
2. Eddie Kendricks, American singer-songwriter (b. 1939) deaths
  1. Eddie Kendricks
    
    Edward James Kendrick, better known as Eddie Kendricks, was an American singer and songwriter. Noted for his distinctive falsetto singing style, Kendricks co-founded the Motown singing group the Temptations, and was one of their lead singers from 1960 until 1971. He was the lead voice on such famous songs as "The Way You Do the Things You Do", "Get Ready", and "Just My Imagination ". As a solo artist, Kendricks recorded several hits of his own during the 1970s, including the number-one single "Keep On Truckin'".
1990
1. Nathan Peats, Australian rugby league player births
  1. Nathan Peats
    
    Nathan Peats is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who plays as a hooker for Huddersfield Giants in the Betfred Super League.
1989
1. Kelsey Adrian, Canadian basketball player births
  1. Kelsey Adrian
    
    Kelsey Alexa Adrian is a Canadian female professional basketball player.
2. Marcel Baude, German footballer births
  1. Marcel Baude
    
    Marcel Baude is a German footballer who plays as a right-back for VfB Auerbach.
3. Ify Ibekwe, American basketball player births
  1. Ify Ibekwe
    
    Ifunanya Debbie "Ify" Ibekwe is a Nigerian American professional basketball player for the Virtus Eirene Ragusa and the Nigeria women's national team.
4. Travis Kelce, American football player births
  1. Travis Kelce
    
    Travis Michael Kelce is an American football tight end for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Chiefs in the third round of the 2013 NFL Draft and later won Super Bowl LIV with the team over the San Francisco 49ers. He played college football at Cincinnati. He is a seven-time Pro Bowler and a three-time first-team All-Pro selection. He holds the NFL record for most consecutive and most overall seasons with 1,000 yards receiving by a tight end (6). He also owns the record for most receiving yards by a tight end in a single season with 1,416 in 2020. He also briefly held the single season record in 2018 before it was broken later that same day. Kelce was named to the NFL 2010s All-Decade Team.
1988
1. Benny Howell, English cricketer births
  1. Benny Howell
    
    Benny Alexander Cameron Howell is an English first-class cricketer. Howell is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Bordeaux, France, and was educated at The Oratory School in Oxfordshire.
2. Bahar Kızıl, German singer-songwriter births
  1. Bahar Kizil
    
    Bahar Kizil is a German singer and songwriter of Turkish descent, best known as one of the founding members of the girl group Monrose, which won the fifth season of the German version of Popstars.
3. Maja Salvador, Filipino actress, dancer, singer, and host births
  1. Maja Salvador
    
    Maja Ross Andres Salvador-Ortega is a Filipino actress, performer, television host, occasional producer, and talent manager. Referred to as the “Majestic Superstar”and the "Queen of Revenge Drama", Salvador is a recipient of an Asia Contents Awards, including nominations from FAMAS Awards, Asian Academy Creative Awards, and Asian Television Awards.
1987
1. Dillon Francis, American DJ and record producer births
  1. Dillon Francis
    
    Dillon Hart Francis is an American electronic musician, actor, comedian, internet celebrity, record producer and disc jockey.
2. Kevin Mirallas, Belgian footballer births
  1. Kevin Mirallas
    
    Kevin Antonio Joel Gislain Mirallas y Castillo, known as Kevin Mirallas, is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Cypriot side AEL Limassol.
3. Tim Ream, American soccer player births
  1. Tim Ream
    
    Timothy Michael Ream is an American professional soccer player who plays as a center-back or left-back for Premier League club Fulham and the United States national team.
4. Park So-yeon, South Korean singer, dancer, and actress births
  1. Park So-yeon (singer)
    
    Park So-yeon, referred to as Soyeon, is a South Korean singer and actress. She debuted as a member of girl group T-ara in July 2009, which went on to become one of the best-selling girl groups of all time. She debuted as a solo artist in 2021.
5. Luigi Vitale, Italian footballer births
  1. Luigi Vitale
    
    Luigi Vitale is an Italian footballer who plays as a left midfielder, left back, or a left wing back.
1986
1. Mladen Bartulović, Croatian footballer births
  1. Mladen Bartulović
    
    Mladen Bartulović is a Croatian retired footballer and manager. He spent most of his playing career in Ukrainian Premier League representing various clubs from Central Ukraine: Kryvbas, Inhulets, Vorskla, others.
2. Mike Burgmann, Australian racing driver and accountant (b. 1947) deaths
  1. Mike Burgmann
    
    Michael Burgmann was a Sydney accountant and racing car driver who was involved in a fatal accident at the 1986 James Hardie 1000 race held at the Mount Panorama Circuit in Bathurst, New South Wales. At the time of his death, Burgmann was the accountant for the Australian Racing Drivers Club (ARDC), who were the promoters of the Bathurst 1000, as well as the owners and promoters of Amaroo Park in Sydney.
3. Hal B. Wallis, American film producer (b. 1898) deaths
  1. Hal B. Wallis
    
    Harold Brent Wallis was an American film producer. He is best known for producing Casablanca (1942), The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), and True Grit (1969), along with many other major films for Warner Bros. featuring such film stars as Humphrey Bogart, John Wayne, Bette Davis, and Errol Flynn. As a producer, he received 19 nominations for the Academy Award for Best Picture.
4. James H. Wilkinson, English mathematician and computer scientist (b. 1919) deaths
  1. James H. Wilkinson
    
    James Hardy Wilkinson FRS was a prominent figure in the field of numerical analysis, a field at the boundary of applied mathematics and computer science particularly useful to physics and engineering.
1985
1. Nicola Roberts, English singer-songwriter births
  1. Nicola Roberts
    
    Nicola Maria Roberts is a British pop singer. She rose to prominence in late 2002 upon winning a place in Girls Aloud, a girl group created through ITV's Popstars: The Rivals. The group's success helped them win the competition and they were later entered in Guinness World Records as the most successful reality television music-group. They enjoyed 20 consecutive top-ten singles, spawning five albums and positive critical responses.
2. Karl Menger, Austrian-American mathematician from the Vienna Circle (b. 1902) deaths
  1. Karl Menger
    
    Karl Menger was an Austrian-American mathematician, the son of the economist Carl Menger. In mathematics, Menger studied the theory of algebras and the dimension theory of low-regularity ("rough") curves and regions; in graph theory, he is credited with Menger's theorem. Outside of mathematics, Menger has substantial contributions to game theory and social sciences.
1984
1. Naima Adedapo, American singer and dancer births
  1. Naima Adedapo
    
    Naima Adedapo is an American singer and dancer from Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Adedapo placed in the top 11 on the tenth season of American Idol.
2. Kenwyne Jones, Trinidadian footballer births
  1. Kenwyne Jones
    
    Kenwyne Joel Jones CM is a Trinidadian football manager and retired professional player who played as a forward. He currently manages the Trinidad and Tobago women's national team. He began his football career with Joe Public in his native Trinidad and Tobago. He moved to W Connection in 2002, and he was a utility player in the Trinidad and Tobago team in 2003 against Finland. In 2004, he joined Southampton, where he was converted to a striker. He was later loaned to Sheffield Wednesday and Stoke City during the 2004–05 season.
1983
1. Jesse Eisenberg, American actor and writer births
  1. Jesse Eisenberg
    
    Jesse Adam Eisenberg is an American actor. He has received various accolades, including nominations for an Academy Award, two BAFTA Awards, a Golden Globe Award and two Screen Actors Guild Awards.
2. Florian Mayer, German tennis player births
  1. Florian Mayer
    
    Florian Mayer is a German former professional tennis player.
3. Mashrafe Mortaza, Bangladeshi cricketer births
  1. Mashrafe Mortaza
    
    Mashrafe Bin Mortaza, Popularly known as the 'Narail Express', is a Bangladeshi international cricketer and politician who is the former captain in all three formats of the game for the Bangladesh national cricket team and currently serves as a Member of Parliament of Narail-2 district. Widely considered as the greatest captain for Bangladesh in ODI and T20 formats of all time.
4. Humberto Mauro, Brazilian director and screenwriter (b. 1897) deaths
  1. Humberto Mauro
    
    Humberto Duarte Mauro was a Brazilian film director. His best known work is Ganga Bruta. He is often considered the greatest director of early Brazilian cinema.
5. Earl Tupper, American inventor and businessman, founded the Tupperware Corporation (b. 1907) deaths
  1. Earl Tupper
    
    Earl Silas Tupper was an American businessman and inventor, best known as the inventor of Tupperware, an airtight plastic container for storing food, and for founding the related home products company that bears his name, Tupperware Plastics Company.
  2. Tupperware
    
    Tupperware is an American home products line that includes preparation, storage, and serving products for the kitchen and home. In 1942, Earl Tupper developed his first bell-shaped container; the brand products were introduced to the public in 1946.
1982
1. Michael Roos, Estonian-American football player births
  1. Michael Roos
    
    Michael Roos is a former football offensive tackle who played his entire career for the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Titans in the second round of the 2005 NFL Draft. He played college football at Eastern Washington.
2. Steve Williams, Australian-German rugby player births
  1. Steve Williams (rugby union, born 1982)
    
    Steve Williams is an Australian-born German international rugby union player, having played for the SC Neuenheim and the German national rugby union team. He has also played club rugby at highest level in Scotland, the Netherlands and Portugal.
1981
1. Jeanette Antolin, American gymnast births
  1. Jeanette Antolin
    
    Jeanette Antolin is an American former artistic gymnast who was a member of the U.S. national team from 1995 to 2000. In 1999, she competed at the Pan American Games, where she helped the U.S. win a team silver medal, and the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships. She then joined the UCLA Bruins.
2. Joel Lindpere, Estonian footballer births
  1. Joel Lindpere
    
    Joel Lindpere is an Estonian football coach and former professional player.
3. Andy Nägelein, German footballer births
  1. Andy Nägelein
    
    Andreas Hannes Ling Fung Nägelein, commonly known as Andy Nägelein, is a former professional footballer. Nägelein began his career in Germany and he left to Cyprus and China in short term. His usual position was defensive midfielder, but he could also be utilized as a centre-back or a full back. Born in Hong Kong and raised in Germany, he made nine appearances for the Hong Kong national team.
4. Gloria Grahame, American actress (b. 1923) deaths
  1. Gloria Grahame
    
    Gloria Grahame Hallward was an Academy Award-winning American actress and singer. She began her acting career in theatre, and in 1944 made her first film for MGM.
1980
1. Paul Thomas, American bass player births
  1. Good Charlotte
    
    Good Charlotte is an American rock band from Waldorf, Maryland that formed in 1996. Since 2005, the band's lineup has consisted of twin brothers Joel Madden and Benji Madden, Paul Thomas (bass), Billy Martin, and Dean Butterworth.
2. James Toseland, English motorcycle racer births
  1. James Toseland
    
    James Michael Toseland is an English former motorcycle racer and vocalist of his own rock band named Toseland. For 2020, he is team-manager of Wepol Racing with riders in World Supersport and Supersport 300.
1979
1. Vince Grella, Australian footballer births
  1. Vince Grella
    
    Vincenzo "Vince" Grella is an Australian former footballer who played as a midfielder. Born in Dandenong to Italian immigrants, Antonio and Maria, Grella began his senior career in Australia before moving to Italy, where he spent over ten years, playing for Empoli, Ternana, Parma and Torino. He moved to Blackburn Rovers of the Premier League in 2008 where he spent four seasons, before returning to Australia in 2012 to play for Melbourne Heart.
2. Curtis Sanford, Canadian ice hockey player births
  1. Curtis Sanford
    
    Curtis Sanford is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender who last played for Lokomotiv Yaroslavl of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). He is currently a goalie coach for the Toronto Maple Leafs. He previously played in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the St. Louis Blues, Vancouver Canucks, and Columbus Blue Jackets.
1978
1. Jesse Palmer, Canadian football player and sportscaster births
  1. Jesse Palmer
    
    Jesse James Palmer is a Canadian television personality, sports commentator, actor, and former professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL) for five seasons in the early 2000s. Palmer played college football for the University of Florida, and thereafter, he played professionally for the New York Giants and San Francisco 49ers in the NFL before spending half of the 2006 season with the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL). Palmer was cast in 2004 as the bachelor on the fifth season of the reality television series The Bachelor. He went on to become a college football analyst for ESPN/ABC in the United States, and has been a contributor to The Sports Network (TSN) in Canada. He was also a contributor to ABC's Good Morning America. In 2018, he hosted the kickoff season of The Proposal on ABC. Since 2017 he has hosted the Holiday Baking Championship on Food Network. Jesse was host of DailyMailTV from 2017 to 2020. Palmer married model Emely Fardo on June 5, 2020, at a close friend's house in Connecticut. In 2021, Palmer was named as the permanent host of The Bachelor and The Bachelorette.
2. Shane Ryan, Irish footballer and hurler births
  1. Shane Ryan (Dublin Gaelic footballer)
    
    Shane Ryan is an Irish sportsman who plays hurling for the Dublin county team and, formerly, Gaelic football also for the Dublin county team (F), for which he received an All Star. Ryan plays his club hurling and football for Naomh Mearnóg and his preferred position is centre back, although he is known to have played many positions for Dublin. He made his senior debut for Dublin on 4 June 1999. He made the decision to concentrate solely on Gaelic football in 2004, which dealt a blow to the then hurling manager Humphrey Kelleher. In 2009, he made the decision to switch back to hurling and join Anthony Daly's team after giving it much consideration. Ryan is a graduate of Business Studies (2001) in Dublin City University and is a teacher by profession.
3. Steinar Nickelsen, Norwegian organist and composer births
  1. Steinar Nickelsen
    
    Steinar Sønk Nickelsen is a Norwegian jazz musician from Bærum, known from several bands and album releases.
4. Morgan Webb, Canadian-American television host and producer births
  1. Morgan Webb
    
    Morgan Ailis Webb is a former co-host and senior segment producer of the G4 show X-Play. She was previously the host of the podcast WebbAlert and a monthly columnist for the United States edition of FHM, where she contributed a monthly video game column titled "Tips from the Gaming Goddess". She began working at independent game studio Bonfire Studios in March 2017 in a production role.
1977
1. Hugleikur Dagsson, Icelandic author, illustrator, and critic births
  1. Hugleikur Dagsson
    
    Þórarinn Hugleikur Dagsson, nicknamed Hulli, born 5 October 1977 is an Icelandic artist. He received a B.A. degree from the Iceland Academy of the Arts in 2002.
2. Vinnie Paz, Italian-American rapper and producer births
  1. Vinnie Paz
    
    Vincenzo Luvineri, better known as Vinnie Paz, is a Sicilian American rapper and producer behind the Philadelphia underground hip hop group Jedi Mind Tricks. He is also the frontman of the hip hop collective Army of the Pharaohs.
3. Konstantin Zyryanov, Russian footballer births
  1. Konstantin Zyryanov
    
    Konstantin Georgiyevich Zyryanov is a Russian football manager and a former player of Komi descent. He is the manager of Chernomorets Novorossiysk.
1976
1. Ramzan Kadyrov, Russian-Chechen general and politician, 3rd President of the Chechen Republic births
  1. Ramzan Kadyrov
    
    Ramzan Akhmadovich Kadyrov is a Russian politician who currently serves as the Head of the Chechen Republic. He was formerly a member of the Chechen independence movement, and is a colonel general in the Russian military.
  2. Head of the Chechen Republic
    
    The Head of the Chechen Republic or Head of Chechnya is the highest office within the political system of the Chechen Republic, as Head of State and Head of Government of Chechnya. The office was instituted in 2003 during the course of the Second Chechen War, when the Russian federal government regained control over the region and after a constitutional referendum approved the current Constitution of the Chechen Republic.
2. Royston Tan, Singaporean director, producer, and screenwriter births
  1. Royston Tan
    
    Royston Tan is a Singaporean filmmaker, director, screenwriter, producer and actor.
3. J. J. Yeley, American race car driver births
  1. J. J. Yeley
    
    Christopher Beltram Hernandez "J. J." Yeley is an American professional stock car racing driver. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the Nos. 13 and 66 cars for MBM Motorsports and part-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 55 Ford Mustang for MBM Motorsports and the No. 15 Mustang for Rick Ware Racing.
4. Barbara Nichols, American actress (b. 1928) deaths
  1. Barbara Nichols
    
    Barbara Marie Nickerauer, known professionally as Barbara Nichols, was an American actress who often played brassy or comic roles in films in the 1950s and 1960s.
5. Lars Onsager, Norwegian-American chemist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1903) deaths
  1. Lars Onsager
    
    Lars Onsager was a Norwegian-born American physical chemist and theoretical physicist. He held the Gibbs Professorship of Theoretical Chemistry at Yale University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1968.
  2. Nobel Prize in Chemistry
    
    The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895, awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. This award is administered by the Nobel Foundation, and awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on proposal of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry which consists of five members elected by the Academy. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death.
1975
1. Bobo Baldé, French-Guinean footballer births
  1. Bobo Baldé
    
    Dianbobo "Bobo" Baldé is a former professional footballer who played as a defender and is the current manager of Guinea U20.
2. Carson Ellis, American painter and illustrator births
  1. Carson Ellis
    
    Carson Friedman Ellis is a Canadian-born American children's book illustrator and artist. She received a Caldecott Honor for her children's book Du Iz Tak? (2016). Her work is inspired by folk art, art history, and mysticism.
3. Parminder Nagra, English actress births
  1. Parminder Nagra
    
    Parminder Kaur Nagra is a British actress of Indian Punjabi descent and Sikh heritage. She is known for portraying Jess Bhamra in the film Bend It Like Beckham (2002) and Dr. Neela Rasgotra in the NBC medical drama series ER from 2003 to 2009. She has had several other major television roles, including a starring role as Meera Malik in the NBC crime drama series The Blacklist for season one and a recurring role on the ABC/Marvel Television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. as Ellen Nadeer for season four.
4. Monica Rial, American voice actress, director, and screenwriter births
  1. Monica Rial
    
    Monica Jean Rial is an American voice actress and ADR script writer affiliated with Funimation and Seraphim Digital/Sentai Filmworks. She provides voices for English language versions of Japanese anime films and television series.
5. Kate Winslet, English actress births
  1. Kate Winslet
    
    Kate Elizabeth Winslet is an English actress. Known for her work in independent films, particularly period dramas, and for her portrayals of headstrong and complicated women, she has received numerous accolades, including an Academy Award, a Grammy Award, two Primetime Emmy Awards, three BAFTA Awards, and five Golden Globe Awards. Time magazine named Winslet one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2009 and 2021. She was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 2012.
1974
1. Rich Franklin, American mixed martial artist and actor births
  1. Rich Franklin
    
    Richard Jay Franklin II is an American retired mixed martial artist who competed in Ultimate Fighting Championship. He is a former UFC Middleweight Champion. As of June 2014, Franklin has been the Vice President of Asian mixed martial arts company ONE Championship.
2. Anousjka van Exel, Dutch tennis player births
  1. Anousjka van Exel
    
    Anousjka van Exel is a Dutch former tennis player.
1973
1. Cédric Villani, French mathematician and academic births
  1. Cédric Villani
    
    Cédric Patrice Thierry Villani is a French politician and mathematician working primarily on partial differential equations, Riemannian geometry and mathematical physics. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 2010, and he was the director of Sorbonne University's Institut Henri Poincaré from 2009 to 2017. As of September 2022, he is a professor at Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques.
1972
1. Annely Akkermann, Estonian banker and politician births
  1. Annely Akkermann
    
    Annely Akkermann is an Estonian politician.
2. Aaron Guiel, Canadian baseball player births
  1. Aaron Guiel
    
    Aaron Colin Guiel is a Canadian former professional baseball outfielder.
3. Grant Hill, American basketball player and actor births
  1. Grant Hill
    
    Grant Henry Hill is an American former professional basketball player who is a co-owner and executive of the Atlanta Hawks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He attended Duke University and is widely considered one of its greatest players. After playing college basketball for four years, Hill played in the NBA for four teams in his professional career: the Detroit Pistons, the Orlando Magic, the Phoenix Suns, and the Los Angeles Clippers. For most of his career, he played the small forward position. Hill also works as a basketball analyst for CBS and Turner Sports.
4. Thomas Roberts, American journalist and actor births
  1. Thomas Roberts (television journalist)
    
    Thomas Albert Roberts is an American television journalist who served as a news anchor for MSNBC, a cable-news channel. He ended his seven-year stint anchoring MSNBC Live, the daytime news platform of NBC News, on weekends from 5-7pm ET. Before that he was anchor of Way Too Early and a contributor to Morning Joe. He was also an NBC News correspondent and a fill-in anchor on Today and NBC Nightly News. On November 18, 2017, it was announced that Roberts had decided to leave MSNBC for other endeavors. On August 14, 2020, it was announced that Roberts will be the host of season four of DailyMailTV.
1971
1. Tonia Antoniazzi, British politician births
  1. Tonia Antoniazzi
    
    Antonia Louise Antoniazzi is a Welsh Labour Party politician. She was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Gower at the 2017 general election.
2. Mauricio Pellegrino, Argentinian footballer and manager births
  1. Mauricio Pellegrino
    
    Mauricio Andrés Pellegrino Luna is an Argentine former professional footballer who played as a centre-back, currently the manager of Chilean club Universidad de Chile.
1970
1. Josie Bissett, American actress births
  1. Josie Bissett
    
    Jolyn Christine Heutmaker, known professionally as Josie Bissett, is an American actress. She is known for her role as Jane Mancini on the television series Melrose Place (1992–1999), and for her television film appearances over the past three decades.
2. Matthew Knights, Australian footballer and coach births
  1. Matthew Knights
    
    Matthew Knights is an Australian rules football coach and former player who is currently serving as an assistant coach with the Geelong Football Club. Knights played in the midfield for the Richmond Football Club from 1988 to 2002, before going on to forge a coaching career, most notably as head coach of the Essendon Football Club from 2008 to 2010. He later became the head coach of the Geelong VFL Football Club from 2012–14, guiding the Cats to the 2012 VFL Premiership and the 2013 VFL Grand Final.
3. Tord Gustavsen, Norwegian pianist and composer births
  1. Tord Gustavsen
    
    Tord Gustavsen is a Norwegian jazz pianist and composer. He tours extensively worldwide, and he has been a bandleader for a trio, ensemble and quartet at various times, all bearing his name.
4. Cal Wilson, New Zealand comedian, actress, and screenwriter births
  1. Cal Wilson
    
    Cal Wilson is a New Zealand stand-up comedian, author, radio and television presenter.
1967
1. Rex Chapman, American basketball player and sportscaster births
  1. Rex Chapman
    
    Rex Everett Chapman is an American former professional basketball player and social media influencer. Chapman was a high school phenom in Kentucky, winning numerous awards for his play. In two seasons at the University of Kentucky, he won further awards and scored more than 1,000 points. Chapman was the first draft pick of the expansion Charlotte Hornets and played on four National Basketball Association (NBA) teams. Over his 12-year career, he averaged 14.6 points per game and appeared in two slam dunk competitions.
2. Guy Pearce, English-Australian actor births
  1. Guy Pearce
    
    Guy Edward Pearce is an Australian actor. Born in Ely, Cambridgeshire, and raised in Geelong, he started his career portraying Mike Young in the Australian television series Neighbours. He received international attention for his breakout role in The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert (1994) and subsequently took starring roles in Curtis Hanson's L.A. Confidential (1997), Christopher Nolan's Memento (2000) and Simon Wells's The Time Machine (2002). Pearce is known for his performances in the film adaptation of Cormac McCarthy's The Road (2009), Kathryn Bigelow's war drama The Hurt Locker (2009) and Tom Hooper's historical drama The King's Speech (2010). He has appeared in Ridley Scott's Prometheus (2012), the Marvel action film Iron Man 3 (2013), Alien: Covenant (2017), and the historical biopic Mary Queen of Scots (2018).
3. Clifton Williams, American astronaut (b. 1932) deaths
  1. Clifton Williams
    
    Clifton Curtis Williams Jr., was an American naval aviator, test pilot, mechanical engineer, major in the United States Marine Corps, and NASA astronaut, who was killed in a plane crash; he never went into space. The crash was caused by a mechanical failure in a NASA T-38 jet trainer, which he was piloting to visit his parents in Mobile, Alabama. The failure caused the flight controls to stop responding, and although he activated the ejection seat, it did not save him. He was the fourth astronaut from NASA's Astronaut Group 3 to have died, the first two having been killed in separate T-38 flights, and the third in the Apollo 1 fire earlier that year. The aircraft crashed in Florida near Tallahassee within an hour of departing Patrick AFB.
1966
1. Dennis Byrd, American football player (d. 2016) births
  1. Dennis Byrd
    
    Dennis DeWayne Byrd was an American football defensive end and defensive tackle for the New York Jets of the National Football League. He attended college at the University of Tulsa in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He played professionally for the Jets for four seasons beginning in 1989. Over his four seasons, he recorded 28 sacks and 110 tackles. His career ended when he was paralyzed following a collision with a teammate during a game. Through rehabilitation, he later managed to walk again.
2. Sean M. Carroll, American physicist, cosmologist, and academic births
  1. Sean M. Carroll
    
    Sean Michael Carroll is an American theoretical physicist and philosopher who specializes in quantum mechanics, gravity, and cosmology. He is (formerly) a research professor in the Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics in the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Department of Physics and an External Professor at the Santa Fe Institute. He is currently Homewood Professor of Natural Philosophy at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore from the summer of 2022. He has been a contributor to the physics blog Cosmic Variance, and has published in scientific journals such as Nature as well as other publications, including The New York Times, Sky & Telescope and New Scientist. He is known for atheism, critique of theism and defense of naturalism. He is considered a prolific public speaker and science populariser. In 2007, Carroll was named NSF Distinguished Lecturer by the National Science Foundation.
3. Terri Runnels, American wrestler and manager births
  1. Terri Runnels
    
    Terri Lynne Boatright Runnels is an American retired professional wrestling manager, television host, and professional wrestler. Runnels began her professional wrestling career in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) as Miss Alexandra York, manager of The York Foundation. She later joined the World Wrestling Federation (WWF), later renamed World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), where she worked for eight years as Marlena and also under her real name.
4. Jan Verhaas, Dutch snooker player and referee births
  1. Jan Verhaas
    
    Jan Verhaas is a Dutch snooker and pool referee. He was born in Maassluis, South Holland, and now lives in Brielle.
1965
1. Trace Armstrong, American football player and agent births
  1. Trace Armstrong
    
    Raymond Lester "Trace" Armstrong III, is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL) for fifteen seasons from the late 1980s to the early 2000s. He played college football for Arizona State University and the University of Florida, and was recognized as an All-American. A first-round pick in the 1989 NFL Draft, he played professionally for the Chicago Bears, the Miami Dolphins and the Oakland Raiders. He was formerly the president of the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA), and he currently works as a sports agent.
2. Mario Lemieux, Canadian ice hockey player births
  1. Mario Lemieux
    
    Mario Lemieux is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He played parts of 17 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Pittsburgh Penguins between 1984 and 2006, and he assumed ownership of the franchise in 1999. Nicknamed "The Magnificent One", "Le Magnifique" and "Super Mario" after the fictional character of the same name, he is widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time. A gifted playmaker and fast skater despite his large size, Lemieux often beat defencemen with fakes and dekes.
3. Patrick Roy, Canadian ice hockey player and coach births
  1. Patrick Roy
    
    Patrick Jacques Roy is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender and executive, who serves as the head coach for the Quebec Remparts of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). In 2017, Roy was named one of the 100 Greatest NHL Players in history.
1964
1. Philip A. Haigh, English historian and author births
  1. Philip A. Haigh
    
    Philip Andrew Haigh is a British I.T. Professional, TV presenter and writer of non-fiction military history books, mostly on the subject of the Wars of the Roses, although in recent years he has taken to writing military fiction works based on characters and events from World War II.
2. Malik Saidullaev, Russian businessman births
  1. Malik Saidullaev
    
    Malik Mingaevich Saidullaev is a Russian businessman of Chechen descent.
3. Korina Sanchez, Filipino journalist births
  1. Korina Sanchez
    
    Korina Maria Baluyot Sanchez-Roxas, known professionally as Korina Sanchez, is a Filipino broadcast journalist, television news anchor, senior field correspondent, magazine show host, radio anchor, and newspaper columnist. She served as Chief Correspondent for the Integrated News and Current Affairs Division of ABS-CBN airing on TV Channel 2, AM Radio DZMM and cable TV ABS-CBN News Channel. She also has a regular column in The Philippine Star entitled That Does It, as well as a Tagalog column entitled K Ka Lang in its sister newspaper, Pilipino Star Ngayon.
1963
1. Laura Davies, English golfer and sportscaster births
  1. Laura Davies
    
    Dame Laura Jane Davies, is an English female professional golfer. She has achieved the status of her nation's most accomplished female golfer of modern times, being the first non-American to finish at the top of the LPGA money list as well as winning the Ladies European Tour (LET) Order of Merit a record seven times: in 1985, 1986, 1992, 1996, 1999, 2004 and 2006.
2. Tony Dodemaide, Australian cricketer births
  1. Tony Dodemaide
    
    Anthony Ian Christopher Dodemaide is an Australian former test cricketer. After a three-year stint as Chief Executive of the Western Australian Cricket Association in Perth, he became the current chief executive of Cricket Victoria. He is currently a selector for the Australian men's national team.
3. Michael Hadschieff, Austrian speed skater births
  1. Michael Hadschieff
    
    Michael Florian Hadschieff is a former speed skater from Austria.
4. Nick Robinson, English journalist and blogger births
  1. Nick Robinson (journalist)
    
    Nicholas Anthony Robinson is a British journalist, currently a presenter on the BBC's Today programme. Prior to this he spent ten years as political editor for the BBC and has had many other roles with the broadcaster.
1962
1. Michael Andretti, American race car driver births
  1. Michael Andretti
    
    Michael Mario Andretti is an American semi-retired auto racing driver and current team owner. Statistically one of the most successful drivers in the history of American open-wheel car racing, Andretti won the 1991 CART PPG Indy Car World Series and amassed 42 race victories, the most in the CART era and fourth-most all time. Since his retirement from active racing, Andretti has owned Andretti Autosport, which has won four IndyCar Series championships and five Indianapolis 500 races.
2. Thomas Herbst, German footballer and manager births
  1. Thomas Herbst (footballer)
    
    Thomas Herbst is a German football manager and former player. He was most recently the head coach of FC Viktoria 1889 Berlin.
3. Caron Keating, British television host (d. 2004) births
  1. Caron Keating
    
    Caron Louisa Keating was a Northern Irish television presenter.
1961
1. Pato Banton, English singer-songwriter births
  1. Pato Banton
    
    Pato Banton is a reggae singer and toaster from Birmingham, England. He received the nickname "Pato Banton" from his stepfather; his first name derives from the sound of a Jamaican owl calling "patoo, patoo", while his last name comes from the disc jockey slang word "Banton", meaning heavyweight lyricist or storyteller. In 1994, he achieved a number 1 on the UK Singles Chart with a cover of The Equals' Baby Come Back featuring Robin and Ali Campbell of UB40.
1960
1. Careca, Brazilian footballer births
  1. Careca
    
    Antônio de Oliveira Filho, better known as Careca, is a Brazilian former footballer, who was deployed as a forward. During his career, Careca played for several clubs, most notably with Italian side Napoli. He also represented the Brazil national football team on over 60 occasions.
2. Daniel Baldwin, American actor, director, and producer births
  1. Daniel Baldwin
    
    Daniel Leroy Baldwin is an American actor, most famous for his lead role in Cleaver. He is the second oldest of the four Baldwin brothers, all of whom are actors. Baldwin played the role of Detective Beau Felton in the NBC TV series Homicide: Life on the Street, and has also starred in Ned Blessing: The True Story of My Life (1992), Mulholland Falls (1996), Vampires (1998), The Pandora Project (1998), Stealing Candy (2002), Paparazzi (2004) and Grey Gardens (2009).
3. David Kirk, New Zealand rugby player and coach births
  1. David Kirk
    
    David Edward Kirk is a former New Zealand rugby union player. He is best known for having been the captain of the All Blacks when they won the inaugural Rugby World Cup in 1987.
1959
1. Maya Lin, American architect and sculptor, designed the Vietnam Veterans Memorial and Civil Rights Memorial births
  1. Maya Lin
    
    Maya Ying Lin is an American designer and sculptor. In 1981, while an undergraduate at Yale University, she achieved national recognition when she won a national design competition for the planned Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C.
  2. Vietnam Veterans Memorial
    
    The Vietnam Veterans Memorial is a U.S. national memorial in Washington, D.C., honoring service members of the U.S. armed forces who served in the Vietnam War. The two-acre (8,100 m2) site is dominated by two black granite walls engraved with the names of those service members who died or remain missing as a result of their service in Vietnam and South East Asia during the war. The Wall, completed in 1982, has since been supplemented with the statue The Three Soldiers in 1984 and the Vietnam Women's Memorial in 1993.
  3. Civil Rights Memorial
    
    The Civil Rights Memorial is an American memorial in Montgomery, Alabama, created by Maya Lin. The names of 41 people are inscribed on the granite fountain as martyrs who were killed in the civil rights movement. The memorial is sponsored by the Southern Poverty Law Center.
2. Kelly Joe Phelps, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2022) births
  1. Kelly Joe Phelps
    
    Kelly Joe Phelps was an American musician and songwriter. His music has been characterized as a mixture of delta blues and jazz.
3. Kenan İpek, Turkish lawyer and judge births
  1. Kenan İpek
    
    Kenan İpek is a Turkish legal prosecutor and judge who served as the Minister of Justice of Turkey from 7 March to 17 November 2015. Having previously served as the Undersecretary to the Justice Ministry, İpek succeeded the Justice and Development Party minister Bekir Bozdağ as the Minister of Justice in accordance to Article 114 of the Turkish Constitution three months before the June 2015 general election. He is, formally, of no political affiliation, and concurrently served as the President of the Supreme Board of Judges and Prosecutors during his time as Minister.
1958
1. André Kuipers, Dutch physician and astronaut births
  1. André Kuipers
    
    André Kuipers is a Dutch physician and ESA astronaut. He became the second Dutch citizen, third Dutch-born and fifth Dutch-speaking astronaut upon launch of Soyuz TMA-4 on 19 April 2004. Kuipers returned to Earth aboard Soyuz TMA-3 11 days later.
2. Neil Peart, Australian footballer births
  1. Neil Peart (footballer)
    
    Neil Peart is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood, Richmond and Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1980s.
3. Neil deGrasse Tyson, American astrophysicist, cosmologist, and author births
  1. Neil deGrasse Tyson
    
    Neil deGrasse Tyson is an American astrophysicist, author, and science communicator. Tyson studied at Harvard University, the University of Texas at Austin, and Columbia University. From 1991 to 1994, he was a postdoctoral research associate at Princeton University. In 1994, he joined the Hayden Planetarium as a staff scientist and the Princeton faculty as a visiting research scientist and lecturer. In 1996, he became director of the planetarium and oversaw its $210 million reconstruction project, which was completed in 2000. Since 1996, he has been the director of the Hayden Planetarium at the Rose Center for Earth and Space in New York City. The center is part of the American Museum of Natural History, where Tyson founded the Department of Astrophysics in 1997 and has been a research associate in the department since 2003.
1957
1. Mark Geragos, American lawyer births
  1. Mark Geragos
    
    Mark John Geragos is an American criminal defense lawyer and the managing partner of Geragos & Geragos, in Los Angeles.
2. Lee Thompson, English singer-songwriter and saxophonist births
  1. Lee Thompson (saxophonist)
    
    Lee Jay Thompson, nicknamed Kix or El Thommo, is an English multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter, and composer. In a career spanning more than 40 years, Thompson came to prominence in the late 1970s as a founder and saxophonist for the English ska band Madness.
3. Bernie Mac, American actor, comedian, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2008) births
  1. Bernie Mac
    
    Bernard Jeffrey McCullough, better known by his stage name Bernie Mac, was an American comedian and actor. Born and raised on Chicago's South Side, Mac gained popularity as a stand-up comedian. He joined fellow comedians Steve Harvey, Cedric the Entertainer, and D. L. Hughley in the film The Original Kings of Comedy.
1955
1. John Alexander, English footballer births
  1. John Alexander (footballer, born 1955)
    
    John Alexander is an English former footballer who holds the post of club secretary at Manchester United.
2. Jean-Jacques Lafon, French singer-songwriter births
  1. Jean-Jacques Lafon
    
    Jean-Jacques Lafon is a French singer-songwriter and painter. He remains known for his 1985 one-hit wonder "Le géant de papier", which peaked at No. 6 on the SNEP singles chart and earned a Silver disc. Lafon is also the writer of the 1987 hit "Viens boire un p'tit coup à la maison" for Licence IV, under the pseudonym of Falon.
3. Adair Turner, Baron Turner of Ecchinswell, English academic and businessman births
  1. Adair Turner, Baron Turner of Ecchinswell
    
    Jonathan Adair Turner, Baron Turner of Ecchinswell is a British businessman and academic and was Chairman of the Financial Services Authority until its abolition in March 2013. He is a former Chairman of the Pensions Commission and the Committee on Climate Change, as well as a former Director-General of the Confederation of British Industry. He has described himself in a BBC HARDtalk interview with Stephen Sackur as a 'technocrat'.
1953
1. Philip Hampton, English-Scottish accountant and businessman births
  1. Philip Hampton
    
    Sir Philip Roy Hampton is a British businessman. He was the first chairman of UK Financial Investments Limited in 2008 and chairman of government-owned The Royal Bank of Scotland Group between 2009 and 2015. He has also chaired GlaxoSmithKline and J Sainsbury.
2. Roy Laidlaw, Scottish rugby player births
  1. Roy Laidlaw
    
    Roy James Laidlaw is a former Scotland international rugby union player.
1952
1. Clive Barker, English author, director, producer, and screenwriter births
  1. Clive Barker
    
    Clive Barker is an English novelist, playwright, author, film director, and visual artist who came to prominence in the mid-1980s with a series of short stories, the Books of Blood, which established him as a leading horror writer. He has since written many novels and other works. His fiction has been adapted into films, notably the Hellraiser series, the first installment of which he also wrote and directed, and the Candyman series. He was also an executive producer of the film Gods and Monsters, which won an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.
2. Harold Faltermeyer, German keyboard player, composer, and producer births
  1. Harold Faltermeyer
    
    Hans Hugo Harold Faltermeier is a German musician, composer and record producer.
3. Imran Khan, Pakistani cricketer and Prime Minister births
  1. Imran Khan
    
    Imran Ahmed Khan Niazi is a Pakistani politician and former cricketer who served as the 22nd Prime Minister of Pakistan from August 2018 to until April 2022. He is the founder and leader of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI).
  2. Prime Minister of Pakistan
    
    The prime minister of Pakistan is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Executive authority is vested in the prime minister and his chosen cabinet, despite the president of Pakistan serving as the nominal head of executive. The prime minister is often the leader of the party or the coalition with a majority in the lower house of the Parliament of Pakistan, the National Assembly where he serves as Leader of the House. Prime minister holds office by virtue of their ability to command the confidence of the National Assembly. The prime minister is designated as the "Chief Executive of the Islamic Republic".
4. Joe Jagersberger, Austrian racing driver (b. 1884) deaths
  1. Joe Jagersberger
    
    Joseph W. Jagersberger was an Austrian-American racecar driver.
1951
1. Karen Allen, American actress births
  1. Karen Allen
    
    Karen Jane Allen is an American film and stage actress. After making her film debut in Animal House (1978), she became best known for her portrayal of Marion Ravenwood opposite Harrison Ford in Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981), a role she later reprised for Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008). She also co-starred in Starman (1984) and Scrooged (1988). Her stage work has included performances on Broadway, and she has directed both for stage and film.
2. Bob Geldof, British singer-songwriter and actor births
  1. Bob Geldof
    
    Robert Frederick Zenon Geldof is an Irish singer-songwriter, and political activist. He rose to prominence in the late 1970s as lead singer of the Irish rock band the Boomtown Rats, who achieved popularity as part of the punk rock movement. The band had UK number one hits with his compositions "Rat Trap" and "I Don't Like Mondays". Geldof starred as "Pink" in Pink Floyd's 1982 film Pink Floyd – The Wall. As a fundraiser, Geldof organised the charity supergroup Band Aid and the concerts Live Aid and Live 8, and co-wrote "Do They Know It's Christmas?", one of the best-selling singles of all time.
1950
1. "Fast" Eddie Clarke, English rock guitarist (d. 2018) births
  1. Eddie Clarke (musician)
    
    Edward Allan Clarke, better known as "Fast" Eddie Clarke or simply "Fast", was a British guitarist who was a member of heavy metal bands Fastway and Motörhead. Of Motörhead's classic lineup, which consisted of Lemmy and Phil "Philthy Animal" Taylor, he was the last surviving member at the time of his death.
2. Jeff Conaway, American actor and singer (d. 2011) births
  1. Jeff Conaway
    
    Jeffrey Charles William Michael Conaway was an American actor. He portrayed Kenickie in the film Grease and had roles in two television series: struggling actor Bobby Wheeler in Taxi and security officer Zack Allan on Babylon 5. Conaway was featured in the first and second seasons of the reality television series Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew.
3. Edward P. Jones, American novelist and short story writer births
  1. Edward P. Jones
    
    Edward Paul Jones is an American novelist and short story writer. His 2003 novel The Known World received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and the International Dublin Literary Award.
4. James Rizzi, American painter and illustrator (d. 2011) births
  1. James Rizzi
    
    James Rizzi was an American pop artist who was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York.
5. Frederic Lewy, German-American neurologist and academic (b. 1885) deaths
  1. Frederic Lewy
    
    Fritz Heinrich Lewy, known in his later years as Frederic Henry Lewey, was a German-born American neurologist. He is best known for the discovery of Lewy bodies, which are a characteristic indicator of Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies.
1949
1. Peter Ackroyd, English biographer, novelist and critic births
  1. Peter Ackroyd
    
    Peter Ackroyd is an English biographer, novelist and critic with a specialist interest in the history and culture of London. For his novels about English history and culture and his biographies of, among others, William Blake, Charles Dickens, T. S. Eliot, Charles Chaplin and Sir Thomas More, he won the Somerset Maugham Award and two Whitbread Awards. He is noted for the volume of work he has produced, the range of styles therein, his skill at assuming different voices, and the depth of his research.
2. Michael Gaughan (Irish republican) Irish Hunger Striker (d. 1974) births
  1. Michael Gaughan (Irish republican)
    
    Michael Gaughan was a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) hunger striker who died in 1974 in Parkhurst Prison on the Isle of Wight, England.
3. Ralph Goodale, Canadian lawyer and politician, 36th Canadian Minister of Finance births
  1. Ralph Goodale
    
    Ralph Edward Goodale is a Canadian diplomat and retired politician who has served as the Canadian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom since April 19, 2021.
  2. Minister of Finance (Canada)
    
    The minister of finance is the minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet who is responsible for overseeing the Department of Finance and presenting the federal government's budget each year. It is one of the most important positions in the Cabinet.
4. Bill James, American historian and author births
  1. Bill James
    
    George William James is an American baseball writer, historian, and statistician whose work has been widely influential. Since 1977, James has written more than two dozen books devoted to baseball history and statistics. His approach, which he termed sabermetrics in reference to the Society for American Baseball Research (SABR), scientifically analyzes and studies baseball, often through the use of statistical data, in an attempt to determine why teams win and lose.
5. B. W. Stevenson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1988) births
  1. B. W. Stevenson
    
    Louis Charles "B.W." Stevenson was an American country pop singer and musician, working in a genre now called progressive country. "B.W." stood for "Buckwheat". Stevenson was born in Dallas, Texas, United States, and attended W.H. Adamson High School with other musicians Michael Martin Murphey, Ray Wylie Hubbard, and Larry Groce.
6. Yashiki Takajin, Japanese singer and television host (d. 2014) births
  1. Yashiki Takajin
    
    Takajin Yashiki , often referred to as simply Takajin (たかじん), was a Japanese singer and television personality.
1948
1. Russell Mael, American vocalist births
  1. Russell Mael
    
    Russell Craig Mael is an American singer best known as the lead singer for the band Sparks which he formed in 1971 with his elder brother Ron Mael. Mael is known for his wide vocal range, in particular his far-reaching falsetto. He has a flamboyant and hyperactive stage presence which contrasts sharply with Ron Mael's deadpan scowling. The band released an album with British rock band Franz Ferdinand, as the supergroup FFS, titled FFS, released in 2015. The Mael brothers are the founders of Lil' Beethoven Records.
1947
1. Michèle Pierre-Louis, Haitian politician, 14th Prime Minister of Haiti births
  1. Michèle Pierre-Louis
    
    Michèle Duvivier Pierre-Louis is a Haitian politician who was Prime Minister of Haiti from September 2008 to November 2009. She was Haiti's second female Prime Minister, after Claudette Werleigh, who served from 1995 to 1996.
  2. Prime Minister of Haiti
    
    The prime minister of Haiti is the head of government of Haiti. The office was created under the 1987 Constitution; previously, all executive power was held by the president or head of state, who appointed and chaired the Council of Ministers. The current prime minister of Haiti is Ariel Henry, who was sworn into office on 20 July 2021.
1946
1. Zahida Hina, Pakistani journalist and author births
  1. Zahida Hina
    
    Zahida Hina is a noted Urdu columnist, essayist, short story writer, novelist and dramatist from Pakistan.
2. Robin Lane Fox, English historian and author births
  1. Robin Lane Fox
    
    Robin James Lane Fox, is an English classicist, ancient historian, and gardening writer known for his works on Alexander the Great. Lane Fox is an Emeritus Fellow of New College, Oxford and Reader in Ancient History, University of Oxford. Fellow and Tutor in Ancient History at New College from 1977 to 2014, he serves as Garden Master and as Extraordinary Lecturer in Ancient History for both New and Exeter Colleges. He has also taught Greek and Latin literature and early Islamic history.
3. Jean Perron, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster births
  1. Jean Perron
    
    Jean Perron is a Canadian ice hockey coach and sports commentator, best known for being the 16th head coach of the Montreal Canadiens, serving from 1985 to 1988. Perron has more recently served as the head coach for Israel's men's national teams.
4. David Watson, English footballer births
  1. David Watson (footballer, born 1946)
    
    David Vernon Watson is an English former professional footballer who played for Notts County, Rotherham United, Sunderland, Manchester City, Werder Bremen, Southampton, Stoke City, Vancouver Whitecaps and Derby County as well at the England national team where he won 65 caps and was captain on three occasions.
1944
1. Richard Rosser, Baron Rosser, English union leader and politician births
  1. Richard Rosser, Baron Rosser
    
    Richard Andrew Rosser, Baron Rosser is a British former trade union leader and Labour politician, sitting in the House of Lords. He is the Shadow Spokesperson for Transport and Home Affairs for Labour in the House of Lords.
1943
1. Ben Cardin, American lawyer and politician births
  1. Ben Cardin
    
    Benjamin Louis Cardin is an American lawyer and politician serving as the senior United States senator from Maryland, a seat he has held since 2007. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously was the U.S. representative for Maryland's 3rd congressional district from 1987 to 2007. Cardin served as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from 1967 to 1987 and as Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates from 1979 to 1987, the youngest person to hold the position in history. In his half-century career as an elected official, he has never lost an election.
2. Steve Miller, American singer-songwriter and guitarist births
  1. Steve Miller (musician)
    
    Steven Haworth Miller is an American guitarist, multi-instrumentalist, singer and songwriter, known as leader of the Steve Miller Band. He began his career in blues and blues rock and evolved to a more pop-oriented arena rock sound during the mid-1970s through the early 1980s, releasing popular singles and albums. Miller was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2016.
3. Michael Morpurgo, English author, poet, and playwright births
  1. Michael Morpurgo
    
    Sir Michael Andrew Bridge Morpurgo is an English book author, poet, playwright, and librettist who is known best for children's novels such as War Horse (1982). His work is noted for its "magical storytelling", for recurring themes such as the triumph of an outsider or survival, for characters' relationships with nature, and for vivid settings such as the Cornish coast or World War I. Morpurgo became the third Children's Laureate, from 2003 to 2005, and he is also the current President of BookTrust, the UK's largest children's reading charity.
4. Leon Roppolo, American clarinet player and composer (b. 1902) deaths
  1. Leon Roppolo
    
    Leon Joseph Roppolo was an American early jazz clarinetist, best known for his playing with the New Orleans Rhythm Kings. He also played saxophone and guitar.
1942
1. Richard Street, American singer-songwriter (d. 2013) births
  1. Richard Street
    
    Richard Allen Street was an American soul and R&B singer, most notable as a member of Motown vocal group The Temptations from 1971 to 1993. Born and raised in Detroit, Michigan, Street was the first member of the Temptations to actually be a native of the city which served as Motown's namesake and hometown; all of the previous members were born and at least partially raised in the southern United States.
2. Dorothea Klumpke, American astronomer (b. 1861) deaths
  1. Dorothea Klumpke
    
    Dorothea Klumpke Roberts was an American astronomer. She was Director of the Bureau of Measurements at the Paris Observatory and was made a Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur.
1941
1. Roy Book Binder, American singer-songwriter and guitarist births
  1. Roy Book Binder
    
    Roy Book Binder is an American blues guitarist, singer-songwriter and storyteller. A student and friend of the Rev. Gary Davis, he is equally at home with blues and ragtime. He is known to shift from open tunings to slide arrangements to original compositions, with both traditional and self-styled licks. His storytelling is another characteristic that makes his style unique.
2. Stephanie Cole, English actress births
  1. Stephanie Cole
    
    Patricia Stephanie Cole is an English stage, television, radio and film actress, known for high-profile roles in shows such as Tenko (1981–1985), Open All Hours (1982–1985), A Bit of a Do (1989), Waiting for God (1990–1994), Keeping Mum (1997–1998), Doc Martin (2004–2009), Cabin Pressure (2008–2014), Still Open All Hours (2013–present), Man Down (2014–2017) and as Sylvia Goodwin in ITV soap opera Coronation Street (2011–2013).
3. Eduardo Duhalde, Argentinian lawyer and politician, 50th President of Argentina births
  1. Eduardo Duhalde
    
    Eduardo Alberto Duhalde is an Argentine Peronist politician who served as the interim President of Argentina from January 2002 to May 2003. He also served as Vice President and Governor of Buenos Aires in the 1990s.
  2. President of Argentina
    
    The president of Argentina, officially known as the president of the Argentine Nation, is both head of state and head of government of Argentina. Under the national constitution, the president is also the chief executive of the federal government and commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
4. Louis Brandeis, American lawyer and jurist (b. 1856) deaths
  1. Louis Brandeis
    
    Louis Dembitz Brandeis was an American lawyer and associate justice on the Supreme Court of the United States from 1916 to 1939.
1940
1. Rein Aun, Estonian decathlete and coach (d. 1995) births
  1. Rein Aun
    
    Rein Aun was a multitalented Estonian athlete. He competed for the Soviet Union in the decathlon at the 1964 and 1968 Olympics, winning a silver medal in 1964.
2. Terry Trotter, American jazz pianist births
  1. Terry Trotter
    
    Terry William Trotter is an American jazz pianist and piano teacher living in Los Angeles. He has recorded with such artists as Frank Sinatra, Ella Fitzgerald, Natalie Cole, Celine Dion, Larry Carlton, and many others. Trotter composed the theme music to the television show Everybody Loves Raymond.
3. Ballington Booth, English-American activist, co-founded the Volunteers of America (b. 1857) deaths
  1. Ballington Booth
    
    Ballington Booth was a British-born American Christian minister who co-founded Volunteers of America, a Christian charitable organization, and became its first General (1896-1940). He was a former officer in The Salvation Army.
  2. Volunteers of America
    
    Volunteers of America (VOA) is a nonprofit organization founded in 1896 that provides affordable housing and other assistance services primarily to low-income people throughout the United States. Headquartered in Alexandria, Virginia, the organization includes 32 affiliates and serves approximately 1.5 million people each year in 46 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.
4. Lincoln Loy McCandless, American rancher and politician (b. 1859) deaths
  1. Lincoln Loy McCandless
    
    Lincoln "Link" Loy McCandless was a United States cattle rancher, industrialist and politician for the Territory of Hawaii. McCandless served in the United States Congress as a territorial delegate. A former member of the Hawaii Republican Party, McCandless was one of the earliest leaders of the Hawaii Democratic Party.
5. Silvestre Revueltas, Mexican violinist, composer, and conductor (b. 1889) deaths
  1. Silvestre Revueltas
    
    Silvestre Revueltas Sánchez was a Mexican composer of classical music, a violinist and a conductor.
1939
1. Marie-Claire Blais, Canadian author and playwright births
  1. Marie-Claire Blais
    
    Marie-Claire Blais was a Canadian writer, novelist, poet, and playwright from the province of Québec. In a career spanning seventy years, she wrote novels, plays, collections of poetry and fiction, newspaper articles, radio dramas, and scripts for television. She was a four-time recipient of the Governor General’s literary prize for French-Canadian literature, and was also a recipient of the Guggenheim Fellowship for creative arts.
2. A. R. Penck, German painter and sculptor (d. 2017) births
  1. A. R. Penck
    
    Ralf Winkler, alias A. R. Penck, who also used the pseudonyms Mike Hammer, T. M., Mickey Spilane, Theodor Marx, "a. Y." or just "Y" was a German painter, printmaker, sculptor, and jazz drummer. A neo-expressionist, he became known for his visual style, reminiscent of the influence of primitive art.
3. Walter Wolf, Austrian-Canadian businessman, founded Walter Wolf Racing births
  1. Walter Wolf
    
    Walter Wolf is a Canadian oil-drilling equipment supplier who in the early 1970s made a fortune from the North Sea oil business and decided to join the world of Formula One (F1) motor racing.
  2. Walter Wolf Racing
    
    Walter Wolf Racing was a Formula One constructor active from 1977 to 1979, which won the first race the team entered. It was owned and run by Canadian Walter Wolf. The team was based in Reading, UK but raced with the Canadian licence.
4. Consuelo Ynares-Santiago, Filipino lawyer and jurist births
  1. Consuelo Ynares-Santiago
    
    Consuelo Ynares-Santiago is a former Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. She was appointed to the Court by President Joseph Estrada.
1938
1. Johnny Duncan, American country singer (d. 2006) births
  1. Johnny Duncan (country singer)
    
    Johnny Richard Duncan was an American country music singer, best known for a string of hits in the mid- to late 1970s. In his career, he released 14 studio albums, including thirteen on Columbia Records. These albums produced more than 30 chart singles, with three of those reaching number one: "Thinkin' of a Rendezvous", "It Couldn't Have Been Any Better", and "She Can Put Her Shoes Under my Bed (Anytime)" from 1976, 1977, and 1978, respectively. Seven more of his singles were top-10 hits.
2. Teresa Heinz, Mozambican-American businesswoman and philanthropist births
  1. Teresa Heinz
    
    Teresa Heinz, also known as Teresa Heinz Kerry, is a Portuguese-American businesswoman and philanthropist. Heinz is the widow of former U.S. Senator John Heinz and the wife of former U.S. Secretary of State, longtime U.S. Senator, and 2004 Democratic presidential nominee John Kerry. Heinz is Chair of the Heinz Endowments and the Heinz Family Philanthropies.
3. Faustina Kowalska, Polish nun and saint (b. 1905) deaths
  1. Faustina Kowalska
    
    Maria Faustyna Kowalska, OLM, also known as Maria Faustyna Kowalska of the Blessed Sacrament, Faustyna popularly spelled "Faustina", was a Polish Catholic religious sister and mystic. Her apparitions of Jesus Christ inspired the Roman Catholic devotion to the Divine Mercy and earned her the title of "Secretary of Divine Mercy".
4. Albert Ranft, Swedish actor and director (b. 1858) deaths
  1. Albert Ranft
    
    Albert Adam Ranft was a Swedish theatre director and actor.
1937
1. Carlo Mastrangelo, American doo-wop singer (d. 2016) births
  1. Carlo Mastrangelo
    
    Carlo Mastrangelo was an American doo-wop and progressive rock singer. Born and raised in The Bronx, he lived in an apartment on the corner of 179th St. and Mapes Ave.
2. Barry Switzer, American football player and coach births
  1. Barry Switzer
    
    Barry Layne Switzer is a former American football coach and player. He served for 16 years as head football coach at the University of Oklahoma and 4 years as head coach of the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He won three national championships at Oklahoma, and led the Cowboys to win Super Bowl XXX against the Pittsburgh Steelers. He has one of the highest winning percentages of any college football coach in history, and is one of only three head coaches to win both a college football national championship and a Super Bowl, the others being Jimmy Johnson and Pete Carroll.
1936
1. Václav Havel, Czech poet, playwright, and politician, 1st President of the Czech Republic (d. 2011) births
  1. Václav Havel
    
    Václav Havel GCB was a Czech statesman, author, poet, playwright, and former dissident. Havel served as the last president of Czechoslovakia from 1989 until the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1992 and then as the first president of the Czech Republic from 1993 to 2003 and was the first democratically elected president of either country after the fall of communism. As a writer of Czech literature, he is known for his plays, essays, and memoirs.
  2. President of the Czech Republic
    
    The president of the Czech Republic is the head of state of the Czech Republic and the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic.
2. J. Slauerhoff, Dutch poet and author (b. 1898) deaths
  1. J. Slauerhoff
    
    Jan Jacob Slauerhoff, who published as J. Slauerhoff, was a Dutch poet and novelist. He is considered one of the most important Dutch language writers.
1934
1. Kenneth D. Taylor, Canadian businessman and diplomat (d. 2015) births
  1. Kenneth D. Taylor
    
    Kenneth Douglas Taylor, was a Canadian diplomat, educator and businessman, best known for his role in the 1979 covert operation called the "Canadian Caper" when he was the Canadian ambassador to Iran. With the cooperation of the American Central Intelligence Agency, Taylor helped six Americans escape from Iran during the Iran hostage crisis by procuring Canadian passports for the Americans to deceive the Iranian Revolutionary guard by posing as a Canadian film crew scouting locations. Before the escape, the six Americans spent several weeks hiding in the homes of Taylor and another Canadian diplomat, John Sheardown.
1933
1. Doug Bailey, American political consultant, founded The Hotline (d. 2013) births
  1. Doug Bailey
    
    Doug Bailey was an American political consultant and founder of The Hotline, a bipartisan, daily briefing on American politics.
  2. The Hotline
    
    The Hotline is a daily political briefing published by Atlantic Media from its headquarters at The Watergate complex in Washington, D.C.. Founded in 1987, It is currently edited by Kyle Trygstad. and published independently until its acquisition in 1996 by National Journal Group, now a subsidiary of Atlantic Media. It is notable for being "the first aggregation of political news ever produced in the United States" and for being a leader in converting political newsletters from mere aggregations to include detailed analysis.
2. Billy Lee Riley, American rockabilly musician, singer-songwriter, and record producer (d. 2009) births
  1. Billy Lee Riley
    
    Billy Lee Riley was an American rockabilly musician, singer-songwriter, and record producer. His most memorable recordings include "Rock With Me Baby", "Flyin' Saucers Rock and Roll" and "Red Hot".
3. Renée Adorée, French-American actress (b. 1898) deaths
  1. Renée Adorée
    
    Renée Adorée was a French stage and film actress who appeared in Hollywood silent movies during the 1920s. She is best known for portraying the role of Melisande, the love interest of John Gilbert in the melodramatic romance and war epic The Big Parade. Adorée‘s career was cut short after she contracted tuberculosis in 1930. She died of the disease in 1933 at the age of 35.
4. Nikolai Yudenich, Russian general (b. 1862) deaths
  1. Nikolai Yudenich
    
    Nikolai Nikolayevich Yudenich was a commander of the Russian Imperial Army during World War I. He was a leader of the anti-communist White movement in Northwestern Russia during the Civil War.
1932
1. Neal Ascherson, Scottish journalist and author births
  1. Neal Ascherson
    
    Charles Neal Ascherson is a Scottish journalist and writer. He has been described by Radio Prague as "one of Britain's leading experts on central and eastern Europe". Ascherson is the author of several books on the history of Poland and Ukraine. His work has appeared in The Guardian and The New York Review of Books.
2. Dean Prentice, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2019) births
  1. Dean Prentice
    
    Dean Sutherland Prentice was a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for 22 seasons between 1952–53 and 1973–74. He had 10 NHL seasons with 20 or more goals. Over his NHL career, Prentice played for the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Detroit Red Wings, Pittsburgh Penguins, and Minnesota North Stars.
3. Michael John Rogers, English ornithologist and police officer (d. 2006) births
  1. Michael John Rogers
    
    Michael ('Mike') John Rogers was an English ornithologist and Honorary Secretary to the British Birds Rarities Committee.
1931
1. Rosalie Gower, Canadian nurse and politician (d. 2013) births
  1. Rosalie Gower
    
    Rosalie Alma Gower was a Canadian nurse who became a city councilor in Vernon, British Columbia, and later a commissioner of the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC), known for her work in advancing women's rights.
1930
1. Pavel Popovich, Ukrainian general, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2009) births
  1. Pavel Popovich
    
    Pavel Romanovich Popovich was a Soviet cosmonaut.
2. Reinhard Selten, German economist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016) births
  1. Reinhard Selten
    
    Reinhard Justus Reginald Selten was a German economist, who won the 1994 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. He is also well known for his work in bounded rationality and can be considered one of the founding fathers of experimental economics.
  2. Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
    
    The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, officially the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, is an economics award administered by the Nobel Foundation.
3. Christopher Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson, Indian-English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for Air (b. 1875) deaths
  1. Christopher Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson
    
    Christopher Birdwood Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson, was a British Army officer who went on to serve as a Labour minister and peer. He served as Secretary of State for Air under Ramsay MacDonald in 1924 and between 1929 and 1930, when he was killed in the R101 disaster.
  2. Secretary of State for Air
    
    The Secretary of State for Air was a secretary of state position in the British government, which existed from 1919 to 1964. The person holding this position was in charge of the Air Ministry. The Secretary of State for Air was supported by the Under-Secretary of State for Air.
1929
1. Richard F. Gordon Jr., American captain, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2017) births
  1. Richard F. Gordon Jr.
    
    Richard Francis Gordon Jr. was an American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, and NASA astronaut, and an American football executive. He was one of 24 people to have flown to the Moon, as the command module pilot of the 1969 Apollo 12 mission, which orbited the Moon 45 times. Gordon had already flown in space as the pilot of the 1966 Gemini 11 mission.
2. Bill Wirtz, American businessman (d. 2007) births
  1. Bill Wirtz
    
    William Wadsworth Wirtz was the chief executive officer and controlling shareholder of the family-owned Wirtz Corporation. He was best known as the owner of the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League, who are part of Wirtz Corp's holdings. Wirtz also served as the Blackhawks' team president for over four decades.
3. Varghese Payyappilly Palakkappilly, Indian priest, founded the Sisters of the Destitute (b. 1876) deaths
  1. Varghese Payyappilly Palakkappilly
    
    Payyappilly Varghese Kathanar was a Syro-Malabar priest from the Indian state of Kerala and the founder of the congregation of Sisters of the Destitute. He was declared Venerable by Pope Francis on 14 April 2018.
  2. Sisters of the Destitute
    
    Sisters of the Destitute is a Syro-Malabar Catholic women's religious institute.
1928
1. Louise Fitzhugh, American author and illustrator (d. 1974) births
  1. Louise Fitzhugh
    
    Louise Fitzhugh was an American writer and illustrator of children's books, known best for the novel Harriet the Spy and its sequels, The Long Secret and Sport.
1927
1. Sam Warner, Polish-American director, producer, and screenwriter, co-founded Warner Bros. (b. 1887) deaths
  1. Sam Warner
    
    Samuel Louis Warner was an American film producer who was the co-founder and chief executive officer of Warner Bros. He established the studio along with his brothers Harry, Albert, and Jack L. Warner. Sam Warner is credited with procuring the technology that enabled Warner Bros. to produce the film industry's first feature-length talking picture, The Jazz Singer. He died in 1927, on the day before the film's enormously successful premiere.
  2. Warner Bros.
    
    Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. is an American film and entertainment studio headquartered at the Warner Bros. Studios complex in Burbank, California, and a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Discovery. Founded in 1923 by four brothers, Harry, Albert, Sam, and Jack Warner, the company established itself as a leader in the American film industry before diversifying into animation, television, and video games and is one of the "Big Five" major American film studios, as well as a member of the Motion Picture Association (MPA).
1926
1. Avraham Adan, Israeli general (d. 2012) births
  1. Avraham Adan
    
    Avraham "Bren" Adan was an Israeli major-general and author. Prior to Israel's independence, he served with the Palmach, an elite formation within the Haganah paramilitary force of the Yishuv community in British Mandatory Palestine. Adan fought under the Haganah and later under the newly formed Israel Defense Forces during the First Arab–Israeli War, and was photographed while raising the Israeli Ink Flag at the site of what is now Eilat to mark the end of the war. He served with the Israel Defense Forces from 1948 to 1977, and fought in all of the major Arab–Israeli wars that occurred during that period.
2. Willi Unsoeld, American mountaineer and educator (d. 1979) births
  1. Willi Unsoeld
    
    William Francis Unsoeld was an American mountaineer who was a member of the first American expedition to summit Mount Everest. The American Mount Everest Expedition was led by Norman Dyhrenfurth, and included Unsoeld, Jim Whittaker, Lute Jerstad, Barry Bishop and Tom Hornbein. Whittaker, with Sherpa Nawang Gombu, reached the summit on May 1, 1963. Unsoeld, Hornbein, Bishop and Jerstad reached the top on May 22, 1963. Unsoeld and Hornbein's climb was the first ascent from the peak's west ridge, and the first major traverse of a Himalayan peak. His subsequent activities included working as a U.S. Forest Service smokejumper, Peace Corps director in Nepal, speaker for Outward Bound, faculty member at Oregon State University and The Evergreen State College and mountaineering guide. He died on Mount Rainier in an avalanche.
1925
1. Gail Davis, American actress (d. 1997) births
  1. Gail Davis
    
    Gail Davis was an American actress and singer, best known for her starring role as Annie Oakley in the 1950s television series Annie Oakley.
2. Herbert Kretzmer, South African-English journalist and songwriter (d. 2020) births
  1. Herbert Kretzmer
    
    Herbert Kretzmer OBE was a South African-born English journalist and lyricist. He was best known as the lyricist for the English-language musical adaptation of Les Misérables and for his long-time collaboration writing the English-language lyrics to the songs of French songwriter Charles Aznavour.
3. Walter Dale Miller, American lawyer and politician, 29th Governor of South Dakota (d. 2015) births
  1. Walter Dale Miller
    
    Walter Dale "Walt" Miller was an American politician and member of the Republican Party. He served as the 29th Governor of South Dakota from 1993 to 1995, having assumed the office upon the death of George S. Mickelson. He was, at age 67 upon taking office, the oldest person to serve as the Governor of South Dakota.
  2. Governor of South Dakota
    
    The governor of South Dakota is the head of government of South Dakota. The governor is elected to a four-year term in even years when there is no presidential election. The current governor is Kristi Noem, a member of the Republican Party who took office on January 5, 2019.
1924
1. Bill Dana, American actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2017) births
  1. Bill Dana
    
    William Szathmary, known as Bill Dana, was an American comedian, actor, and screenwriter. He often appeared on television shows such as The Ed Sullivan Show, frequently in the guise of a heavily accented Bolivian character named José Jiménez. Dana often portrayed the Jiménez character as an astronaut.
2. José Donoso, Chilean author (d. 1996) births
  1. José Donoso
    
    José Manuel Donoso Yáñez, known as José Donoso, was a Chilean writer, journalist and professor. He lived most of his life in Chile, although he spent many years in self-imposed exile in Mexico, the United States and Spain. Although he had left his country in the sixties for personal reasons, after 1973 he said his exile was also a form of protest against the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. He returned to Chile in 1981 and lived there until his death.
3. Barbara Kelly, Canadian actress and screenwriter (d. 2007) births
  1. Barbara Kelly
    
    Barbara Kelly was a Canadian-British actress, best known for her television roles in the United Kingdom opposite her husband Bernard Braden in the 1950s and 1960s, and for many appearances as a panelist on the British version of What's My Line?
4. Frederic Morton, Austrian-American banker, journalist, and author (d. 2015) births
  1. Frederic Morton
    
    Frederic Morton was an Austrian-born American writer.
5. Bob Thaves, American cartoonist (d. 2006) births
  1. Bob Thaves
    
    Robert Thaves was the creator of the comic strip Frank and Ernest, which began in 1972.
1923
1. Philip Berrigan, American priest and activist (d. 2002) births
  1. Philip Berrigan
    
    Philip Francis Berrigan, SSJ was an American peace activist and Catholic priest with the Josephites. He engaged in nonviolent, civil disobedience in the cause of peace and nuclear disarmament and was often arrested.
2. Stig Dagerman, Swedish journalist and author (d. 1954) births
  1. Stig Dagerman
    
    Stig Halvard Dagerman was a Swedish author and journalist prominent in the aftermath of World War II.
3. Albert Guðmundsson, Icelandic footballer and politician (d. 1994) births
  1. Albert Guðmundsson (footballer, born 1923)
    
    Albert Sigurður Guðmundsson was an Icelandic professional footballer who played for, amongst others, Rangers, Arsenal, FC Nancy and A.C. Milan. After retiring from his sporting career he became a politician and was a member of Alþingi for 15 years, serving as Minister of Finance of Iceland and Minister of Industry.
4. Glynis Johns, South African-born British actress and singer births
  1. Glynis Johns
    
    Glynis Margaret Payne Johns is a South African-born British former actress, dancer, musician and singer. Recognised as a film and Broadway icon, Johns has a career spanning eight decades, in which she appeared in more than 60 films and 30 plays. She is the recipient of awards and nominations in various drama award denominations, including the National Board of Review of Motion Pictures, the Academy Awards, the Golden Globe Awards, the Laurel Awards, the Tony Awards, the Drama Desk Awards, and the Laurence Olivier Awards, within which she has won two thirds of her award nominations. As one of the last surviving major stars from the Golden Age of Hollywood and classical years of British cinema, she has several longetivity records to her name.
5. Kailashpati Mishra, Indian lawyer and politician, 18th Governor of Gujarat (d. 2012) births
  1. Kailashpati Mishra
    
    Kailashpati Mishra was an Indian politician. He was a leader of Jana Sangh, and later Bharatiya Janta Party. He was Finance Minister of Bihar in 1977. He was Governor of Gujarat from May 2003 to July 2004.
  2. List of governors of Gujarat
    
    The governor of Gujarat Is a nominal head and representative of the president of india In the state of Gujarat. The governor is appointed by the president for a term of five years and resides in Raj Bhavan in Gandhinagar. Acharya Devvrat took charge as the governor on 22 July 2019.
1922
1. Jim Godbolt, English historian and journalist (d. 2013) births
  1. Jim Godbolt
    
    Jim Godbolt was a British jazz writer and historian.
2. José Froilán González, Argentinian race car driver (d. 2013) births
  1. José Froilán González
    
    José Froilán González was an Argentine racing driver, particularly notable for scoring Ferrari's first win in a Formula One World Championship race at the 1951 British Grand Prix. He made his Formula One debut for Scuderia Achille Varzi in the 1950 Monaco Grand Prix. His last Grand Prix was the 1960 Argentine Grand Prix.
3. Bil Keane, American cartoonist (d. 2011) births
  1. Bil Keane
    
    William Aloysius "Bil" Keane was an American cartoonist most notable for his work on the newspaper comic The Family Circus. It began in 1960 and continues in syndication, drawn by his son Jeff Keane.
4. Jock Stein, Scottish footballer and manager (d. 1985) births
  1. Jock Stein
    
    John "Jock" Stein was a Scottish football player and manager. He was the first manager of a British side to win the European Cup, with Celtic in 1967. Stein also guided Celtic to nine successive Scottish League championships between 1966 and 1974.
1921
1. Bill Willis, American football player and coach (d. 2007) births
  1. Bill Willis
    
    William Karnet Willis was an American football defensive tackle who played eight seasons for the Cleveland Browns in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) and the National Football League (NFL). Known for his quickness and strength despite his small stature, Willis was one of the dominant defensive football players of the 1940s and early 1950s. He was named an All-Pro in every season of his career and reached the NFL's Pro Bowl in three of the four seasons he played in the league. His techniques and style of play were emulated by other teams, and his versatility as a pass-rusher and coverage man influenced the development of the modern-day linebacker position. When he retired, Cleveland coach Paul Brown called him "one of the outstanding linemen in the history of professional football".
2. John Storey, Australian politician, 20th Premier of New South Wales (b. 1869) deaths
  1. John Storey (politician)
    
    John Storey was an Australian politician who was Premier of New South Wales from 12 April 1920 until his sudden death in Sydney. His leadership enabled the New South Wales Labor Party to recover after the split over conscription and to allow it to continue to be a left-wing pragmatist rather than a socialist party.
  2. Premier of New South Wales
    
    The premier of New South Wales is the head of government in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Government of New South Wales follows the Westminster Parliamentary System, with a Parliament of New South Wales acting as the legislature. The premier is appointed by the governor of New South Wales, and by modern convention holds office by his or her ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the Legislative Assembly.
1919
1. Donald Pleasence, English actor (d. 1995) births
  1. Donald Pleasence
    
    Donald Henry Pleasence was an English actor. He began his career on stage in the West End before transitioning into a screen career, where he played numerous supporting and character roles including RAF Flight Lieutenant Colin Blythe in The Great Escape (1963), the villain Ernst Stavro Blofeld in the James Bond film You Only Live Twice (1967), SEN 5241 in THX 1138 (1971), and the deranged Clarence "Doc" Tydon in Wake in Fright (1971).
1918
1. Roland Garros, French soldier and pilot (b. 1888) deaths
  1. Roland Garros (aviator)
    
    Eugène Adrien Roland Georges Garros was a French aviation pioneer and fighter pilot. Garros began a career in aviation in 1909 and performed many early feats before joining the French army and becoming one of the earliest fighter pilots during World War I. In 1928, the Roland Garros tennis stadium was named in his memory; the French Open tennis tournament takes the name of Roland Garros as well as the stadium in which it is held.
1917
1. Allen Ludden, American television personality and game show host (d. 1981) births
  1. Allen Ludden
    
    Allen Ellsworth Ludden was an American television personality, actor, singer, emcee, and game show host. He hosted various incarnations of the game show Password between 1961 and 1980.
2. Magda Szabó, Hungarian author and poet (d. 2007) births
  1. Magda Szabó
    
    Magda Szabó was a Hungarian novelist. Doctor of philology, she also wrote dramas, essays, studies, memoirs, poetry and children's literature. She was a founding member of the Digital Literary Academy, an online digital repository of Hungarian literature. She is the most translated Hungarian author, with publications in 42 countries and over 30 languages.
1916
1. Stetson Kennedy, American author and activist (d. 2011) births
  1. Stetson Kennedy
    
    William Stetson Kennedy was an American author, folklorist and human rights activist. One of the pioneer folklore collectors during the first half of the 20th century, he is remembered for having infiltrated the Ku Klux Klan in the 1940s, exposing its secrets to authorities and the outside world. His actions led to the 1947 revocation by the state of Georgia of the Klan's national corporate charter. Kennedy wrote or co-wrote ten books.
1914
1. Zhang Zhen, Chinese general and politician (d. 2015) births
  1. Zhang Zhen (general)
    
    Zhang Zhen was a general of the People's Liberation Army of China and a member of the Central Military Commission of the Chinese Communist Party.
2. Albert Solomon, Australian politician, 23rd Premier of Tasmania (b. 1876) deaths
  1. Albert Solomon
    
    Albert Edgar Solomon was an Australian politician. He was Premier of Tasmania from 14 June 1912 to 6 April 1914.
  2. Premier of Tasmania
    
    The premier of Tasmania is the head of the executive government in the Australian state of Tasmania. By convention, the leader of the party or political grouping which has majority support in the House of Assembly is invited by the governor of Tasmania to be premier and principal adviser.
1913
1. Eugene B. Fluckey, American admiral, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2007) births
  1. Eugene B. Fluckey
    
    Eugene Bennett Fluckey, nicknamed "Lucky Fluckey", was a United States Navy rear admiral who received the Medal of Honor and four Navy Crosses during his service as a submarine commander in World War II.
  2. Medal of Honor
    
    The Medal of Honor (MOH) is the United States Armed Forces' highest military decoration and is awarded to recognize American soldiers, sailors, marines, airmen, guardians and coast guardsmen who have distinguished themselves by acts of valor. The medal is normally awarded by the president of the United States, but as it is presented "in the name of the United States Congress", it is sometimes erroneously referred to as the "Congressional Medal of Honor".
2. Hans von Bartels, German painter and educator (b. 1856) deaths
  1. Hans von Bartels
    
    Hans von Bartels was a German painter.
1912
1. Fritz Fischer, German physician (d. 2003) births
  1. Fritz Fischer (medical doctor)
    
    Fritz Ernst Fischer was a German medical doctor who, under the Nazi regime, participated in medical experiments conducted on inmates of the Ravensbrück concentration camp.
1911
1. Pierre Dansereau, Canadian ecologist and academic (d. 2011) births
  1. Pierre Dansereau
    
    Pierre Dansereau was a Canadian ecologist from Quebec known as one of the "fathers of ecology".
2. Brian O'Nolan, Irish author and playwright (d. 1966) births
  1. Flann O'Brien
    
    Brian O'Nolan, better known by his pen name Flann O'Brien, was an Irish civil service official, novelist, playwright and satirist, who is now considered a major figure in twentieth century Irish literature. Born in Strabane, County Tyrone, he is regarded as a key figure in modernist and postmodern literature. His English language novels, such as At Swim-Two-Birds and The Third Policeman, were written under the O’Brien pen name. His many satirical columns in The Irish Times and an Irish language novel An Béal Bocht were written under the name Myles na gCopaleen.
1909
1. Tony Malinosky, American baseball player (d. 2011) births
  1. Tony Malinosky
    
    Anthony Francis Malinosky was an American baseball player. He played third baseman and shortstop in Major League baseball in 35 games for the Brooklyn Dodgers in the 1937 season. Listed at 5' 10", Weight: 165 lb., he batted and threw right-handed.
1908
1. Mehmet Ali Aybar, Turkish lawyer and politician (d. 1995) births
  1. Mehmet Ali Aybar
    
    Mehmet Ali Aybar was a lawyer, member of the Turkish parliament, the second president of the Workers Party of Turkey, the founder and President of the Socialist Revolution Party, and a member of the Russell Tribunal against the war crimes of the United States in Vietnam.
2. Joshua Logan, American director and screenwriter (d. 1988) births
  1. Joshua Logan
    
    Joshua Lockwood Logan III was an American director, writer, and actor. He shared a Pulitzer Prize for co-writing the musical South Pacific and was involved in writing other musicals.
1907
1. Mrs. Miller, American novelty singer (d. 1997) births
  1. Mrs. Miller
    
    Elva Ruby Miller, who recorded under the name "Mrs. Miller", was an American singer who gained some fame in the 1960s, for her series of shrill and off-tempo renditions of popular songs such as "Moon River", "Monday, Monday", "A Lover's Concerto", and "Downtown". An untrained mezzo-soprano, she sang in a heavy, vibrato-laden style; according to Irving Wallace, David Wallechinsky and Amy Wallace in The Book of Lists 2, Miller's voice was compared to the sound of "roaches scurrying across a trash can lid."
2. Ragnar Nurkse, Estonian-American economist and academic (d. 1959) births
  1. Ragnar Nurkse
    
    Ragnar Wilhelm Nurkse was an Estonian-American economist and policy maker mainly in the fields of international finance and economic development. He is considered the pioneer of Balanced Growth Theory.
1905
1. John Hoyt, American actor (d. 1991) births
  1. John Hoyt
    
    John Hoyt was an American actor. He began his acting career on Broadway, later appearing in numerous films and television series.
2. Harriet E. MacGibbon, American actress (d. 1987) births
  1. Harriet MacGibbon
    
    Harriet MacGibbon was an American film, stage and television actress best known for her role as the insufferably snobbish, "blue-blooded Bostonian" Mrs. Margaret Drysdale in the CBS sitcom The Beverly Hillbillies.
1903
1. M. King Hubbert, American geophysicist and academic (d. 1989) births
  1. M. King Hubbert
    
    Marion King Hubbert was an American geologist and geophysicist. He worked at the Shell research lab in Houston, Texas. He made several important contributions to geology, geophysics, and petroleum geology, most notably the Hubbert curve and Hubbert peak theory, with important political ramifications. He was often referred to as "M. King Hubbert" or "King Hubbert".
1902
1. Larry Fine, American comedian (d. 1975) births
  1. Larry Fine
    
    Louis Feinberg, known professionally as Larry Fine, was an American actor, comedian and musician. He is best known as a member of the comedy act the Three Stooges.
2. Ray Kroc, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1984) births
  1. Ray Kroc
    
    Raymond Albert Kroc was an American businessman. He purchased the fast food company McDonald's in 1961 and was its CEO from 1967 to 1973. Kroc is credited with the global expansion of McDonald's, turning it into the most successful fast food corporation in the world. Due to the company's growth under Kroc, he has also been referred to as the founder of the McDonald's Corporation. After retiring from McDonald's, he owned the San Diego Padres of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1974 until his death in 1984.
1901
1. John Alton, Austrian-American director and cinematographer (d. 1996) births
  1. John Alton
    
    John Alton, born Johann Jacob Altmann, in Sopron, Kingdom of Hungary, was an American cinematographer of Hungarian-German origin. Alton photographed some of the most famous films noir of the classic period and won an Academy Award for the cinematography of An American in Paris (1951), becoming the first Hungarian-born person to do so in the cinematography category.
1900
1. Bing Xin, Chinese author and poet, known for her contributions to children's literature (d. 1998) births
  1. Bing Xin
    
    Xie Wanying, better known by her pen name Bing Xin or Xie Bingxin, was one of the most prolific Chinese women writers of the 20th century. Many of her works were written for young readers. She was the chairperson of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles. Her pen name Bing Xin carries the meaning of a morally pure heart, and is taken from a line in a Tang dynasty poem by Wang Changling.
2. Margherita Bontade, Italian politician (d. 1992) births
  1. Margherita Bontade
    
    Margherita Bontade was an Italian politician.
1899
1. Elda Anderson, American physicist and health researcher (d. 1961) births
  1. Elda Emma Anderson
    
    Elda Emma Anderson was an American physicist and health researcher. During World War II, she worked on the Manhattan Project at Princeton University and the Los Alamos National Laboratory, where she prepared the first sample of pure uranium-235 at the laboratory. A graduate of the University of Wisconsin, she became professor of physics at Milwaukee-Downer College in 1929. After the war, she became interested in health physics. She worked in the Health Physics Division of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and established the professional certification agency known as the American Board of Health Physics.
1898
1. Nachum Gutman, Moldovan-Israeli painter and sculptor (d. 1980) births
  1. Nachum Gutman
    
    Nachum Gutman was a Moldovan-born Israeli painter, sculptor, and author.
1895
1. Ralph Tollemache, English priest (b. 1826) deaths
  1. Ralph Tollemache
    
    Ralph William Lyonel Tollemache-Tollemache, MA, JP was an English clergyman in the Church of England. He is best known for the unusual and increasingly eccentric names that he chose for his numerous children.
1894
1. Bevil Rudd, South African runner and journalist (d. 1948) births
  1. Bevil Rudd
    
    Bevil Gordon D'Urban Rudd was a South African athlete, the 1920 Olympic Champion in the 400 metres.
1892
1. Remington Kellogg, American zoologist and paleontologist (d. 1969) births
  1. Remington Kellogg
    
    Arthur Remington Kellogg was an American naturalist and a director of the United States National Museum. His work focused on marine mammals.
1889
1. Teresa de la Parra, French-Venezuelan author and educator (d. 1936) births
  1. Teresa de la Parra
    
    Teresa de la Parra was a Venezuelan novelist.
1888
1. Mary Fuller, American actress and screenwriter (d. 1973) births
  1. Mary Fuller
    
    Mary Claire Fuller was an American actress active in both stage and silent films. She also was a screenwriter and had several films produced. An early major star, by 1917 she could no longer gain roles in film or on stage. A later effort to revive her career in Hollywood failed in the 1920s after talkies began to dominate film. After suffering a nervous breakdown, she was admitted to St. Elizabeths Hospital in Washington, DC in 1947 and lived there until her death.
1887
1. René Cassin, French judge and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1976) births
  1. René Cassin
    
    René Samuel Cassin was a French jurist known for co-authoring the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and receiving the Nobel Peace Prize.
  2. Nobel Peace Prize
    
    The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Swedish industrialist, inventor and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine and Literature. Since March 1901, it has been awarded annually to those who have "done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses".
2. Manny Ziener, German actress (d. 1972) births
  1. Manny Ziener
    
    Amanda "Manny" Ziener was a German stage and film actress.
1885
1. Arunachalam Mahadeva, Sri Lankan politician and diplomat (d. 1969) births
  1. Arunachalam Mahadeva
    
    Arunachalam Mahadeva, KCMG was a Ceylon Tamil lawyer, politician and diplomat. He served as Minister of Home Affairs (1942-1946) and High Commissioner to India (1948-1949).
2. Thomas C. Durant, American railroad tycoon (b. 1820) deaths
  1. Thomas C. Durant
    
    Thomas Clark Durant was an American physician, businessman, and financier. He was vice-president of the Union Pacific Railroad (UP) in 1869 when it met with the Central Pacific railroad at Promontory Summit in Utah Territory. He created the financial structure that led to the Crédit Mobilier scandal. He was interested in hotels in the Adirondacks and once owned the yacht Idler.
1883
1. Ernst Pittschau, German actor (d. 1951) births
  1. Ernst Pittschau
    
    Ernst Pittschau was a German stage and film actor.
1882
1. Robert H. Goddard, American physicist, engineer, and academic (d. 1945) births
  1. Robert H. Goddard
    
    Robert Hutchings Goddard was an American engineer, professor, physicist, and inventor who is credited with creating and building the world's first liquid-fueled rocket. Goddard successfully launched his rocket on March 16, 1926, which ushered in an era of space flight and innovation. He and his team launched 34 rockets between 1926 and 1941, achieving altitudes as high as 2.6 km (1.6 mi) and speeds as fast as 885 km/h (550 mph).
1880
1. Jacques Offenbach, German-French cellist and composer (b. 1819) deaths
  1. Jacques Offenbach
    
    Jacques Offenbach was a German-born French composer, cellist and impresario of the Romantic period. He is remembered for his nearly 100 operettas of the 1850s to the 1870s, and his uncompleted opera The Tales of Hoffmann. He was a powerful influence on later composers of the operetta genre, particularly Johann Strauss Jr. and Arthur Sullivan. His best-known works were continually revived during the 20th century, and many of his operettas continue to be staged in the 21st. The Tales of Hoffmann remains part of the standard opera repertory.
1879
1. Francis Peyton Rous, American pathologist and virologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970) births
  1. Francis Peyton Rous
    
    Francis Peyton Rous was an American pathologist at the Rockefeller University known for his works in oncoviruses, blood transfusion and physiology of digestion. A medical graduate from the Johns Hopkins University, he was discouraged to become a practicing physician due to severe tuberculosis. After three years of working as an instructor of pathology at the University of Michigan, he became dedicated researcher at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research for the rest of his career.
  2. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
    
    The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded yearly by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine. The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's 1895 will, are awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind". Nobel Prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace.
1878
1. Louise Dresser, American actress (d. 1965) births
  1. Louise Dresser
    
    Louise Dresser was an American actress. She is perhaps best known for her roles in the many films in which she played the wife of Will Rogers, including State Fair and David Harum.
1877
1. Mike O'Neill, Irish-American baseball player and manager (d. 1959) births
  1. Mike O'Neill (baseball)
    
    Michael Joyce O'Neill was a starting pitcher and left fielder in Major League Baseball. From 1901 through 1907, he played for the St. Louis Cardinals (1901–04) and Cincinnati Reds (1907). O'Neill batted and threw right-handed. A native of Maam, Ireland, he played as Michael Joyce in his 1901 rookie year with the Cardinals.
1873
1. Lucien Mérignac, French fencer (d. 1941) births
  1. Lucien Mérignac
    
    Louis Lucien Mérignac was a French fencer who competed in the late 19th century and early 20th century. He participated in Fencing at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris and won the gold medal in the masters foil, defeating fellow French fencer Alphonse Kirchhoffer in the final.
1864
1. Louis Lumière, French director and producer (d. 1948) births
  1. Louis Lumière
    
    Louis Jean Lumière was a French engineer and industrialist who played a key role in the development of photography and cinema.
1861
1. Antoni Melchior Fijałkowski, Polish archbishop (b. 1778) deaths
  1. Antoni Melchior Fijałkowski
    
    Antoni Melchior Fijałkowski was the Archbishop Metropolitan of Warsaw and spiritual leader of the nation during the Partitions of Poland.
1858
1. Helen Churchill Candee, American journalist and author (d. 1949) births
  1. Helen Churchill Candee
    
    Helen Churchill Candee was an American author, journalist, interior decorator, feminist, and geographer. Today, she is best known as a survivor of the sinking of RMS Titanic in 1912, and for her later work as a travel writer and explorer of southeast Asia.
1857
1. Peadar Toner Mac Fhionnlaoich, Irish author and playwright (d. 1942) births
  1. Peadar Toner Mac Fhionnlaoich
    
    Peadar Toner Mac Fhionnlaoich, known as Cú Uladh, was an Irish language writer during the Gaelic revival. He wrote stories based on Irish folklore, some of the first Irish language plays, and regularly wrote articles in most of the Irish language newspapers such as An Claidheamh Soluis
1850
1. Sergey Muromtsev, Russian lawyer and politician (d. 1910) births
  1. Sergey Muromtsev
    
    Sergey Andreevich Muromtsev was a Russian lawyer and politician, and chairman of the First Imperial Duma in 1906.
1848
1. Guido von List, Austrian-German journalist and poet (d. 1919) births
  1. Guido von List
    
    Guido Karl Anton List, better known as Guido von List, was an Austrian occultist, journalist, playwright, and novelist. He expounded a modern Pagan new religious movement known as Wotanism, which he claimed was the revival of the religion of the ancient German race, and which included an inner set of Ariosophical teachings that he termed Armanism.
2. Joseph Hormayr, Baron zu Hortenburg, Austrian-German historian and politician (b. 1781) deaths
  1. Joseph Hormayr, Baron zu Hortenburg
    
    Joseph Hormayr, Baron zu Hortenburg was an Austrian and German statesman and historian.
1844
1. Francis William Reitz, South African lawyer and politician, 5th State President of the Orange Free State (d. 1934) births
  1. Francis William Reitz
    
    Francis William Reitz, Jr. was a South African lawyer, politician, statesman, publicist, and poet who was a member of parliament of the Cape Colony, Chief Justice and fifth State President of the Orange Free State, State Secretary of the South African Republic at the time of the Second Boer War, and the first president of the Senate of the Union of South Africa.
  2. State President of the Orange Free State
    
    This is a list of State Presidents of the Orange Free State.
1829
1. Chester A. Arthur, American general, lawyer, and politician, 21st President of the United States (d. 1886) births
  1. Chester A. Arthur
    
    Chester Alan Arthur was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 21st president of the United States from 1881 to 1885. Previously the 20th U.S. vice president, he succeeded to the presidency upon the death of President James A. Garfield in September 1881, two months after Garfield was shot by an assassin.
  2. President of the United States
    
    The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces.
1827
1. William Mullins, 2nd Baron Ventry, Anglo-Irish politician and peer (b. 1761) deaths
  1. William Mullins, 2nd Baron Ventry
    
    William Townsend Mullins, 2nd Baron Ventry was an Anglo-Irish politician and peer.
1824
1. Henry Chadwick, English-American historian and author (d. 1908) births
  1. Henry Chadwick (writer)
    
    Henry Chadwick was an English-American sportswriter, baseball statistician and historian, often called the "Father of Baseball" for his early reporting on and contributions to the development of the game. He edited the first baseball guide that was sold to the public. He is credited with creating box scores, as well as creating the abbreviation "K" that designates a strikeout. He is said to have created the statistics of batting average and earned run average (ERA). He was posthumously inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1938.
1820
1. David Wilber, American lawyer and politician (d. 1890) births
  1. David Wilber
    
    David Wilber was a United States representative from New York.
1816
1. Ursula Frayne, Irish-Australian nun and missionary (d. 1885) births
  1. Ursula Frayne
    
    Ursula Frayne, born Clara Frayne, was an Irish nun who became a Mother Superior of the Sisters of Mercy and spent her life in missionary work, initially in Canada but largely in Australia developing schools and academies.
1813
1. Tecumseh, American tribal leader (b. 1768) deaths
  1. Tecumseh
    
    Tecumseh was a Shawnee chief and warrior who promoted resistance to the expansion of the United States onto Native American lands. A persuasive orator, Tecumseh traveled widely, forming a Native American confederacy and promoting intertribal unity. Even though his efforts to unite Native Americans ended with his death in the War of 1812, he became an iconic folk hero in American, Indigenous, and Canadian popular history.
1805
1. Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1738) deaths
  1. Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis
    
    Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis,, styled Viscount Brome between 1753 and 1762 and known as the Earl Cornwallis between 1762 and 1792, was a British Army general and official. In the United States and the United Kingdom, he is best remembered as one of the leading British generals in the American War of Independence. His surrender in 1781 to a combined American and French force at the siege of Yorktown ended significant hostilities in North America. He later served as a civil and military governor in Ireland, where he helped bring about the Act of Union; and in India, where he helped enact the Cornwallis Code and the Permanent Settlement.
  2. Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
    
    Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, or more formally Lieutenant General and General Governor of Ireland, was the title of the chief governor of Ireland from the Williamite Wars of 1690 until the Partition of Ireland in 1922. This spanned the Kingdom of Ireland (1541–1800) and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922). The office, under its various names, was often more generally known as the Viceroy, and his wife was known as the vicereine. The government of Ireland in practice was usually in the hands of the Lord Deputy up to the 17th century, and later of the Chief Secretary for Ireland.
1803
1. Friedrich Bernhard Westphal, Danish-German painter (d. 1844) births
  1. Friedrich Bernhard Westphal
    
    Friedrich Bernhard Westphal was a German-Danish genre painter and illustrator. He was also known by his nickname Fritz Westphal.
1802
1. Sanité Bélair, Haitian freedom fighter (b. 1781) deaths
  1. Sanité Bélair
    
    Suzanne Bélair, called Sanite Bélair,, was a Haitian revolutionary and lieutenant in the army of Toussaint Louverture.
1795
1. Alexander Keith, Scottish-Canadian brewer and politician, 13th Mayor of Halifax (d. 1873) births
  1. Alexander Keith (politician)
    
    Alexander Keith was the founder of Alexander Keith's Brewery, a businessman, politician and Freemason.
  2. List of mayors of the Halifax Regional Municipality
    
    This is a list of mayors of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Halifax's first Mayor, Walter Fitzgerald, was elected in 1996 after the municipality was created by amalgamation. The Mayor of the Halifax holds the highest office in the municipal government of Halifax. The mayor is elected at large during municipal elections, held every four years, and is the head of the Halifax Regional Council.
1792
1. Joseph Crosfield, English businessman (d. 1844) births
  1. Joseph Crosfield
    
    Joseph Crosfield was a businessman who established a soap and chemical manufacturing business in Warrington, which was in the historic county of Lancashire and is now in the ceremonial county of Cheshire. This business was to become the firm of Joseph Crosfield and Sons.
1781
1. Bernard Bolzano, Czech mathematician and philosopher (d. 1848) births
  1. Bernard Bolzano
    
    Bernard Bolzano was a Bohemian mathematician, logician, philosopher, theologian and Catholic priest of Italian extraction, also known for his liberal views.
1777
1. Johann Andreas Segner, Slovak-German mathematician, physicist, and physician (b. 1704) deaths
  1. Johann Andreas Segner
    
    Johann Andreas von Segner was a Hungarian scientist. He was born in the Kingdom of Hungary, in the former Hungarian capital city of Pozsony.
1743
1. Giuseppe Gazzaniga, Italian composer and educator (d. 1818) births
  1. Giuseppe Gazzaniga
    
    Giuseppe Gazzaniga was a member of the Neapolitan school of opera composers. He composed fifty-one operas and is considered to be one of the last Italian opera buffa composers.
1740
1. Jean-Philippe Baratier, German astronomer and scholar (b. 1721) deaths
  1. Jean-Philippe Baratier
    
    Jean-Philippe Baratier was a German scholar. A noted child prodigy of the 18th century, he published eleven works and authored a great quantity of unpublished manuscripts.
1728
1. Chevalier d'Éon, French diplomat and spy (d. 1810) births
  1. Chevalier d'Éon
    
    Charles-Geneviève-Louis-Auguste-André-Timothée d'Éon de Beaumont or Charlotte-Geneviève-Louise-Augusta-Andréa-Timothéa d'Éon de Beaumont, usually known as the Chevalier d'Éon or the Chevalière d'Éon, was a French diplomat, spy, and soldier. D'Éon fought in the Seven Years' War, and spied for France while in Russia and England. D'Éon had androgynous physical characteristics and natural abilities as a mimic and a spy. D'Éon appeared publicly as a man and pursued masculine occupations for 49 years, although during that time, d'Éon successfully infiltrated the court of Empress Elizabeth of Russia by presenting as a woman. Starting in 1777, d'Éon lived as a woman. Doctors who examined d'Éon's body after death discovered "male organs in every respect perfectly formed", but also feminine characteristics.
1715
1. Victor de Riqueti, marquis de Mirabeau, French economist and educator (d. 1789) births
  1. Victor de Riqueti, marquis de Mirabeau
    
    Victor de Riqueti, Marquis de Mirabeau was a French economist of the Physiocratic school. He was the father of Honoré, Comte de Mirabeau and André Boniface Louis Riqueti de Mirabeau. He was, in distinction, often referred to as the elder Mirabeau as he had a younger brother, Jean-Antoine Riqueti de Mirabeau (1717–1794).
1714
1. Kaibara Ekken, Japanese botanist and philosopher (b. 1630) deaths
  1. Kaibara Ekken
    
    Kaibara Ekken or Ekiken, also known as Atsunobu (篤信), was a Japanese Neo-Confucianist philosopher and botanist.
1713
1. Denis Diderot, French philosopher and critic (d. 1784) births
  1. Denis Diderot
    
    Denis Diderot was a French philosopher, art critic, and writer, best known for serving as co-founder, chief editor, and contributor to the Encyclopédie along with Jean le Rond d'Alembert. He was a prominent figure during the Age of Enlightenment.
1712
1. Francesco Guardi, Italian painter (d. 1793) births
  1. Francesco Guardi
    
    Francesco Lazzaro Guardi was an Italian painter, nobleman, and a member of the Venetian School. He is considered to be among the last practitioners, along with his brothers, of the classic Venetian school of painting.
1703
1. Jonathan Edwards, American pastor and theologian (d. 1758) births
  1. Jonathan Edwards (theologian)
    
    Jonathan Edwards was an American revivalist preacher, philosopher, and Congregationalist theologian. Edwards is widely regarded as one of America's most important and original philosophical theologians. Edwards' theological work is broad in scope, but rooted in the paedobaptist Puritan heritage as exemplified in the Westminster and Savoy Confessions of Faith. Recent studies have emphasized how thoroughly Edwards grounded his life's work on conceptions of beauty, harmony, and ethical fittingness, and how central The Enlightenment was to his mindset. Edwards played a critical role in shaping the First Great Awakening, and oversaw some of the first revivals in 1733–35 at his church in Northampton, Massachusetts. His theological work gave rise to a distinct school of theology known as New England theology.
1695
1. John Glas, Scottish minister (d. 1773) births
  1. John Glas
    
    John Glas was a Scottish clergyman who started the Glasite church movement.
1687
1. Maria Maddalena Martinengo, Italian nun (d. 1737) births
  1. Maria Maddalena Martinengo
    
    Maria Maddalena Martinengo, born Margherita Martinengo, was an Italian Roman Catholic professed nun of the order of the Capuchin Poor Clare nuns.
1658
1. Mary of Modena (d. 1718) births
  1. Mary of Modena
    
    Mary of Modena was Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland as the second wife of James II and VII. A devout Roman Catholic, Mary married the widower James, who was then the younger brother and heir presumptive of Charles II. She was uninterested in politics and devoted to James and their children, two of whom survived to adulthood: the Jacobite claimant to the thrones, James Francis Edward, and Louisa Maria Teresa.
1641
1. Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan, French mistress of Louis XIV of France (d. 1707) births
  1. Françoise-Athénaïs de Rochechouart, Marquise de Montespan
    
    Françoise-Athénaïs de Rochechouart de Mortemart, Marquise of Montespan was the most celebrated maîtresse-en-titre of King Louis XIV, by whom she had seven children.
  2. Louis XIV
    
    Louis XIV, also known as Louis the Great or the Sun King, was King of France from 14 May 1643 until his death in 1715. His reign of 72 years and 110 days is the longest of any sovereign in history whose date is verifiable. Although Louis XIV's France was emblematic of the age of absolutism in Europe, the King surrounded himself with a variety of significant political, military, and cultural figures, such as Bossuet, Colbert, Le Brun, Le Nôtre, Lully, Mazarin, Molière, Racine, Turenne, and Vauban.
1629
1. Heribert Rosweyde, Jesuit hagiographer (b. 1569) deaths
  1. Heribert Rosweyde
    
    Heribert Rosweyde was a Jesuit hagiographer. His work, quite unfinished, was taken up by Jean Bolland who systematized it, while broadening its perspective. This is the beginning of the association of the Bollandists.
1609
1. Paul Fleming, German physician and poet (d. 1640) births
  1. Paul Fleming (poet)
    
    Paul Fleming, also spelt Flemming, was a German physician and poet.
1606
1. Philippe Desportes, French poet and author (b. 1546) deaths
  1. Philippe Desportes
    
    Philippe Desportes or Desports was a French poet.
1565
1. Lodovico Ferrari, Italian mathematician and academic (b. 1522) deaths
  1. Lodovico Ferrari
    
    Lodovico de Ferrari was an Italian mathematician.
1564
1. Pierre de Manchicourt, Flemish composer and educator (b. 1510) deaths
  1. Pierre de Manchicourt
    
    Pierre de Manchicourt was a Renaissance composer of the Franco-Flemish School.
1540
1. Helius Eobanus Hessus, German poet and educator (b. 1488) deaths
  1. Helius Eobanus Hessus
    
    Helius Eobanus Hessus was a German Latin poet and later a Lutheran humanist. He was born at Halgehausen in Hesse-Kassel.
1528
1. Richard Foxe, English bishop and academic (b. 1448) deaths
  1. Richard Foxe
    
    Richard Foxe was an English churchman, the founder of Corpus Christi College, Oxford. He was successively Bishop of Exeter, Bath and Wells, Durham, and Winchester, and became also Lord Privy Seal.
1524
1. Rani Durgavati, Queen of Gond (d. 1564) births
  1. Rani Durgavati
    
    Rani Durgavati was the ruling Queen of Gondwana from 1550 until 1564. She was born in the family of Chandel Rajput king Salibahan at the fort of Mahoba. She was married to Dalpat Shah the son of the king Sangram Shah of the Garha Kingdom.
2. Joachim Patinir, Flemish landscape painter (b. c. 1480) deaths
  1. Joachim Patinir
    
    Joachim Patinir, also called Patenier, was a Flemish Renaissance painter of history and landscape subjects. He was Flemish, from the area of modern Wallonia, but worked in Antwerp, then the centre of the art market in the Low Countries. Patinir was a pioneer of landscape as an independent genre and he was the first Flemish painter to regard himself primarily as a landscape painter. He effectively invented the world landscape, a distinct style of panoramic northern Renaissance landscapes which is Patinir's important contribution to Western art. His work marks an important stage in the development of the representation of perspective in landscape painting.
1520
1. Alessandro Farnese, Italian cardinal and diplomat (d. 1589) births
  1. Alessandro Farnese (cardinal)
    
    Alessandro Farnese, an Italian cardinal and diplomat and a great collector and patron of the arts, was the grandson of Pope Paul III, and the son of Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma, who was murdered in 1547. He should not be confused with his nephew, Alessandro Farnese, Governor of the Spanish Netherlands, grandson of Emperor Charles V and great-grandson of Pope Paul III.
1487
1. Ludwig of Hanau-Lichtenberg, German nobleman (d. 1553) births
  1. Ludwig of Hanau-Lichtenberg
    
    Ludwig of Hanau-Lichtenberg was a German nobleman. He was a younger son of Count Philipp II and his wife Anna of Isenburg-Büdingen.
1422
1. Catherine, Princess of Asturias, Spanish royal (d. 1424) births
  1. Catherine, Princess of Asturias
    
    Catherine of Castile was suo jure Princess of Asturias and heiress presumptive to the Castilian throne all her life.
1399
1. Raymond of Capua, Italian priest and Master General (b. c. 1330) deaths
  1. Raymond of Capua
    
    Raymond of Capua, was a leading member of the Dominican Order and served as its Master General from 1380 until his death. First as Prior Provincial of Lombardy and then as Master General of the Order, Raymond undertook the restoration of Dominican religious life. For his success in this endeavor, he is referred to as its "second founder".
  2. Master of the Order of Preachers
    
    The Master of the Order of Preachers is the Superior General of the Order of Preachers, commonly known as the Dominicans.
1398
1. Blanche of Navarre, queen of France (b. 1330) deaths
  1. Blanche of Navarre, Queen of France
    
    Blanche of Navarre, was a French princess and Infanta of Navarre as a member of the House of Évreux and by marriage Queen of France from 29 January until 22 August 1350.
1377
1. Louis II of Anjou (d. 1417) births
  1. Louis II of Anjou
    
    Louis II was Duke of Anjou and Count of Provence from 1384 to 1417; he claimed the Kingdom of Naples, but only ruled parts of the kingdom from 1390 to 1399. His father, Louis I of Anjou—the founder of the House of Valois-Anjou—was a younger son of King John II of France and the adopted son of Queen Joanna I of Naples. When his father died during a military campaign in Naples in 1384, Louis II was still a child. He inherited Anjou from his father, but his mother, Marie of Blois, could not convince his uncles, John, Duke of Berry and Philip II, Duke of Burgundy, to continue her husband's war for Naples. The Provençal nobles and towns refused to acknowledge Louis II as their lawful ruler, but Marie of Blois persuaded them one after another to swear fealty to him between 1385 and 1387.
1354
1. Giovanni Visconti, Italian cardinal (b. 1290) deaths
  1. Giovanni Visconti (archbishop of Milan)
    
    Giovanni Visconti (1290–1354) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal, who was co-ruler in Milan and lord of other Italian cities. He also was a military leader who fought against Florence, and used force to capture and hold other cities.
1338
1. Alexios III of Trebizond (d. 1390) births
  1. Alexios III of Trebizond
    
    Alexios III Megas Komnenos, or Alexius III, was Emperor of Trebizond from December 1349 until his death. He is perhaps the best-documented ruler of that country, and his reign is distinguished by a number of religious grants and literary creations.
1285
1. Philip III, king of France (b. 1245) deaths
  1. Philip III of France
    
    Philip III, called the Bold, was King of France from 1270 until his death in 1285. His father, Louis IX, died in Tunis during the Eighth Crusade. Philip, who was accompanying him, returned to France and was anointed king at Reims in 1271.
1274
1. Al-Dhahabi, Syrian scholar and historian (d. 1348) births
  1. Al-Dhahabi
    
    Shams ad-Dīn adh-Dhahabī, also known as Shams ad-Dīn Abū ʿAbdillāh Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿUthmān ibn Qāymāẓ ibn ʿAbdillāh at-Turkumānī al-Fāriqī ad-Dimashqī was an Islamic historian and Hadith expert.
1225
1. Al-Nasir, Abbasid caliph (b. 1158) deaths
  1. Al-Nasir
    
    Abu'l-Abbas Ahmad ibn al-Hassan al-Mustadi' better known by his laqab Al-Nasir li-Din Allah or simply as Al-Nasir was the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1180 until his death. His laqab literally can mean The One who Gives Victory to the Religion of God. He continued the efforts of his grandfather Al-Muqtafi in restoring the caliphate to its ancient dominant role and achieved a surprising amount of success as his army even conquered parts of Iran. According to the historian, Angelika Hartmann, Al-Nasir was the last effective Abbasid Caliph.
1214
1. Alfonso VIII, king of Castile and Toledo (b. 1155) deaths
  1. Alfonso VIII of Castile
    
    Alfonso VIII, called the Noble or the one of Las Navas, was King of Castile from 1158 to his death and King of Toledo. After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads in 1195, he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event which marked the arrival of a tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian peninsula.
1112
1. Sigebert of Gembloux, French monk, historian, and author (b. 1030) deaths
  1. Sigebert of Gembloux
    
    Sigebert of Gembloux was a medieval author, known mainly as a pro-Imperial historian of a universal chronicle, opposed to the expansive papacy of Gregory VII and Pascal II. Early in his life he became a monk in the Benedictine abbey of Gembloux.
1111
1. Robert II, count of Flanders (b. 1065) deaths
  1. Robert II, Count of Flanders
    
    Robert II, Count of Flanders was Count of Flanders from 1093 to 1111. He became known as Robert of Jerusalem or Robert the Crusader after his exploits in the First Crusade.
1056
1. Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1016) deaths
  1. Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor
    
    Henry III, called the Black or the Pious, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1046 until his death in 1056. A member of the Salian dynasty, he was the eldest son of Conrad II and Gisela of Swabia.
989
1. Henry III, duke of Bavaria (b. 940) deaths
  1. Henry III, Duke of Bavaria
    
    Henry III, called the Younger, a member of the Luitpolding dynasty, was the first Duke of Carinthia from 976 to 978, Duke of Bavaria from 983 to 985 and again Duke of Carinthia from 985 to 989.
610
1. Phocas, Byzantine emperor deaths
  1. Phocas
    
    Phocas was Eastern Roman emperor from 602 to 610. Initially, a middle-ranking officer in the Eastern Roman army, Phocas rose to prominence as a spokesman for dissatisfied soldiers in their disputes with the court of the Emperor Maurice. When the army revolted in 602, Phocas emerged as the natural leader of the mutiny. The revolt proved to be successful and led to the capture of Constantinople and the overthrow of Maurice on 23 November 602 with Phocas declaring himself emperor on the same day.
578
1. Justin II, Byzantine emperor (b. 520) deaths
  1. Justin II
    
    Justin II or Justin the Younger was Eastern Roman Emperor from 565 until 578. He was the nephew of Justinian I and the husband of Sophia, the niece of the Empress Theodora, and was therefore a member of the Justinian dynasty.

Holidays

World Space Week (October 4–10)
1. World Space Week
  
  World Space Week (WSW) is an annual holiday observed from October 4 to 10 in over 95 nations throughout the world. World Space Week is officially defined as "an international celebration of science and technology, and their contribution to the betterment of the human condition". World Space week is organized every year by coordination of the World Space Week Association (WSWA) and the United Nations (UN).
Armed Forces Day (Indonesia)
1. Armed Forces Day
  
  Many nations around the world observe some kind of Armed Forces Day to honor their military forces. This day is not to be confused with Veterans Day or Memorial Day.
Christian feast day: Anna Schäffer
1. Anna Schäffer
  
  Anna Schäffer was a German woman who lived in Mindelstetten in Bavaria. She was canonized by Pope Benedict XVI on October 21, 2012.
Christian feast day: Faustina Kowalska
1. Faustina Kowalska
  
  Maria Faustyna Kowalska, OLM, also known as Maria Faustyna Kowalska of the Blessed Sacrament, Faustyna popularly spelled "Faustina", was a Polish Catholic religious sister and mystic. Her apparitions of Jesus Christ inspired the Roman Catholic devotion to the Divine Mercy and earned her the title of "Secretary of Divine Mercy".
Christian feast day: Blessed Francis Xavier Seelos (Roman Catholic Church)
1. Francis Xavier Seelos
  
  Francis Xavier Seelos, CSsR was a German Redemptorist who worked as a missionary in the United States frontier. Towards the end of his life, he went to New Orleans to minister to victims of yellow fever. He then died after contracting the disease.
2. Catholic Church
  
  The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2019. As the world's oldest and largest continuously functioning international institution, it has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. The church consists of 24 sui iuris churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The bishopric of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small enclave of the Italian city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state.
Christian feast day: Blessed Bartolo Longo
1. Bartolo Longo
  
  Bartolo Longo was an Italian lawyer who has been beatified by the Roman Catholic Church. He was a former Satanic priest who returned to the Catholic faith and became a third order Dominican, dedicating his life to the Rosary and the Virgin Mary. He was eventually awarded a papal knighthood of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre.
Christian feast day: Thraseas
1. Thraseas
  
  Saint Thraseas was a martyr under the reign of Emperor Marcus Aurelius. Prior to his death he served as Bishop of Eumenia, Phrygia, in Asia Minor.
Christian feast day: Hor and Susia (Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria)
1. Hor and Susia
  
  Hor and Susia are martyrs of the Coptic Church. They were martyred with their sons Hor and Agatho. Their feast day is October 5.
2. Coptic Orthodox Church
  
  The Coptic Orthodox Church, also known as the Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria, is an Oriental Orthodox Christian church based in Egypt, servicing Africa and the Middle East. The head of the church and the See of Alexandria is the Pope of Alexandria on the Holy Apostolic See of Saint Mark, who also carries the title of Father of fathers, Shepherd of Shepherds, Ecumenical Judge and the thirteenth among the Apostles. The See of Alexandria is titular, and today, the Coptic Pope presides from Saint Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral in the Abbassia District in Cairo. The church follows the Coptic Rite for its liturgy, prayer and devotional patrimony. The church has approximately 25 million members worldwide and is Egypt's largest Christian denomination.
Christian feast day: Placid and Maurus
1. Saint Placidus
  
  Placidus was a disciple of Benedict of Nursia. He was the son of the patrician Tertullus, was brought as a child to Benedict at Sublaqueum (Subiaco) and dedicated to God as provided for in chapter 69 of the Rule of St. Benedict (oblate).
2. Saint Maurus
  
  Maurus was the first disciple of Benedict of Nursia (512–584). He is mentioned in Gregory the Great's biography of the latter as the first oblate, offered to the monastery by his noble Roman parents as a young boy to be brought up in the monastic life.
Christian feast day: Placidus (martyr)
1. Placidus (martyr)
  
  Saint Placidus (Placitus), along with Saints Eutychius (Euticius), Victorinus and their sister Flavia, Donatus, Firmatus the deacon, Faustus, and thirty others, have been venerated as Christian martyrs. They were said to be martyred either by pirates at Messina or under the Emperor Diocletian.
Christian feast day: October 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
1. October 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  
  October 4 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - October 6
Constitution Day (Vanuatu)
1. Constitution of Vanuatu
  
  The Constitution of Vanuatu is the supreme law of the Republic of Vanuatu. It was enacted in 1979, and came into force upon the country's independence on 30 July 1980.
Engineer's Day (Bolivia)
1. Engineer's Day
  
  Engineer's Day is observed in several countries on various dates of the year. On 25 November 2019, based on a proposal by the World Federation of Engineering Organizations (WFEO), UNESCO has proclaimed March 4 as 'UNESCO World Engineering Day for Sustainable Development'.
2. Bolivia
  
  Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in western-central South America. It is bordered by Brazil to the north and east, Paraguay to the southeast, Argentina to the south, Chile to the southwest and Peru to the west. The seat of government and executive capital is La Paz, while the constitutional capital is Sucre. The largest city and principal industrial center is Santa Cruz de la Sierra, located on the Llanos Orientales, a mostly flat region in the east of the country.
International Day of No Prostitution
1. International Day of No Prostitution
  
  International Day of No Prostitution (IDNP) is an awareness day celebrated to oppose the practice of sex work. First observed in 2002, the event takes place annually on the 5th of October.
Republic Day (Portugal)
1. Republic Day
  
  Republic Day is the name of a holiday in several countries to commemorate the day when they became republics.
Teachers' Day (Pakistan)
1. List of Teachers' Days
  
  Teachers' Day is a special day for the appreciation of teachers, and may include celebrations to honor them for their special contributions in a particular field area, or the community tone in education. This is the primary reason why countries celebrate this day on different dates, unlike many other International Days. For example, Argentina has commemorated Domingo Faustino Sarmiento's death on 11 September as Teachers' Day since 1915. In India the birthday of the second president Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, 5 September, is celebrated as Teachers' Day since 1962, while Guru Purnima has been traditionally observed as a day to worship teachers/gurus by Hindus. Many countries celebrate their Teachers' Day on 5 October in conjunction with World Teachers' Day, which was established by UNESCO in 1994.
Teachers' Day (Russia)
1. List of Teachers' Days
  
  Teachers' Day is a special day for the appreciation of teachers, and may include celebrations to honor them for their special contributions in a particular field area, or the community tone in education. This is the primary reason why countries celebrate this day on different dates, unlike many other International Days. For example, Argentina has commemorated Domingo Faustino Sarmiento's death on 11 September as Teachers' Day since 1915. In India the birthday of the second president Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, 5 September, is celebrated as Teachers' Day since 1962, while Guru Purnima has been traditionally observed as a day to worship teachers/gurus by Hindus. Many countries celebrate their Teachers' Day on 5 October in conjunction with World Teachers' Day, which was established by UNESCO in 1994.
World Teachers' Day
1. World Teachers' Day
  
  World Teachers' Day is an international day held annually on 5 October to celebrate the work of teachers. Established in 1994, it commemorates the signing of recommendation by the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The 1966 "ILO/UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Status of Teachers" is a standard-setting instrument that addresses the status and situations of teachers around the world. This recommendation outlines standards relating to education personnel policy, recruitment, and initial training as well as the continuing education of teachers, their employment, and working conditions. World Teachers' Day aims to focus on "appreciating, assessing and improving the educators of the world" and to provide an opportunity to consider issues related to teachers and teaching.

Important events in history on October 5 th

Events

Mekong River massacre

Mekong

Golden Triangle (Southeast Asia)

Mekong River massacre

Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević

Ladbroke Grove rail crash

Ladbroke Grove

Rail transport in Great Britain

Ladbroke Grove rail crash

1991 Jakarta Indonesian Air Force C-130 crash

The Herald (Melbourne)

Lloyd Bentsen

Dan Quayle

Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy

1988 Chilean national plebiscite

Eugene Hasenfus

Corporate Air Services HPF821

Contras

Iran–Contra affair

Mordechai Vanunu

Marc Garneau

Chicago Tylenol murders

Dirty War

Montoneros

Operation Primicia

Aerolíneas Argentinas

Formosa International Airport

Guildford pub bombings

European Patent Convention

PBS

Front de libération du Québec

October Crisis

Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association

Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station

Commercial Import Program

South Vietnam

Buddhist crisis

Ngo Dinh Diem

Commercial Import Program

Buddhist crisis

Love Me Do

The Beatles

Dr. No (film)

List of James Bond films

James Bond

Ian Fleming

Dr. No (film)

The Beatles

Love Me Do

Address to the Nation

Hollywood Black Friday

Provisional Government of the French Republic

Wake Island

Nuremberg Laws

Jarrow March

Jarrow

Jarrow March

R101

1921 World Series

World War I

Fighter aircraft

Kowloon–Canton Railway

5 October 1910 revolution

Wright brothers

Wright Flyer III

Samuel Griffith

Chief Justice of Australia

Edmund Barton

Richard Edward O'Connor

List of Justices of the High Court of Australia

High Court of Australia

South African Republic

Nez Perce War

Eastman tunnel

Minneapolis

Mississippi River

Limestone

Saint Anthony Falls

Important events in history
on October 5 ^th